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© 2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

In patients suffering from severe traumatic brain injury and massive stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic), decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a surgical strategy used to reduce intracranial pressure, and to prevent brainstem compromise from subsequent brain edema. In surviving patients, cranioplasty surgery helps to protect brain tissue, and correct the external deformity. The aesthetic outcome of cranioplasty using an asymmetrical implant can negatively influence patients physically and mentally, especially young patients. Advancements in the development of biomaterials have now made three-dimensional (3-D) computer-assisted design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated implants an optimal choice for the repair of skull defects following DC. Here, we summarize the various materials for cranioplasty, including xenogeneic, autogenous, and alloplastic grafts. The processing procedures of the CAD/CAM technique are briefly outlined, and reflected our experiences to reconstruct skull CAD models using commercial software, published previously, to assess aesthetic outcomes of regular 3-D CAD models without contouring elevation or depression. The establishment of a 3-D CAD model ensures a possibility for better aesthetic outcomes of CAM-derived alloplastic implants. Finally, clinical consideration of the CAD algorithms for adjusting contours and their potential application in prospective healthcare are briefly outlined.

Details

Title
Three-Dimensional CAD in Skull Reconstruction: A Narrative Review with Focus on Cranioplasty and Its Potential Relevance to Brain Sciences
Author
Woon-Man Kung  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; I-Shiang Tzeng  VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Muh-Shi, Lin  VIAFID ORCID Logo 
First page
1847
Publication year
2020
Publication date
2020
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20763417
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2376419756
Copyright
© 2020. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.