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ABSTRACT
Globalization and technological advancements are continuously pushing organizations to adapt to the dynamic business environment. This environment compels organizations to be conscious of the leadership models. Different leadership styles are being followed. However, leaders have to be conscious of the effectiveness of the role and leading style. The leadership has great importance to develop the organizations. This study reviews the historical perspective in the literature of organizational leadership theories. The paper discusses that which kind of leadership theories have become ineffective and what current business environment demands. The study proposes that the transformational leadership model could be fit to lead the organization in the current scenario. The study further discusses how transformational leadership can increase the productivity and team cohesiveness within the organizations in this competitive edge.
JEL Classification: D23; M14.
Keywords: Trait Theory; Behavioural/Skills Theory; Contingency Theory; Integrative Theory; Transformational Leadership.
1.INTRODUCTION
In this present era the leadership is a multidisciplinary academic and business field of research which emphasis on the life of humans and organisations. The leadership is originated from various fields; social sciences (e.g. psychology, sociology), humanities (e.g. philosophy andhistory), and applied as well as professional fields of research (e.g. education and management). Leadership is strongly linked with organisational management. Various leadership definitions have been emerged with the passage of time. Hence, most of the researchers tried to explain it but so far a clear definition on leadership could not come out and still there exist a scope for the further studies (Kanji & e Sa', 2001; Northouse, 2007). Leadership is a process of "influencing others to understand and to agree about what needs to be done and how it can be done effectively, and the process of facilitating individuals and collective efforts to accomplish a shared objective". In another definition the leadership is kind of procedure of shaping firm from present stage to the height that a leader aspires (Dess & Lumpkin, 2003).The gurus of the executive management and leadership mention that 'todays leaders are those who produce the leaders'. In fact, still there is a deficiency of clear and comprehensive definition of leadership (Bass, 1991; Lincoln, 2012).
Burns (1978) stated that leadership is an art of utilisation of individuals for definite purposes, standards and approach to resources in...