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Abstract
When filling prescriptions for a rabbit, it is important to know whether the rabbit is a pet or is being raised as a source of food for human consumption. Several drugs widely used for pet rabbits are prohibited from extralabel use in animals raised for food production. The list of banned drugs should always be perused prior to filling a prescription for a rabbit being raised for food production. Since no veterinary-approved products exist for rabbits and most medications must be compounded, pharmacists are likely to encounter prescriptions for rabbits in their practice. A basic understanding of rabbit anatomy, physiology, and common diseases will assist pharmacists in distinguishing between safe and dangerous drugs for administration to rabbits.
Rabbits, of which there are over 40 recognized breeds, are among the most popular pets in the U.S. Their popularity as an alternative to dogs and cats as household pets has increased steadily because they are quiet, clean, docile, and intelligent animals that can be trained easily to use a litter box and leash. Like other pets, rabbits have basic husbandry needs and are subject to a variety of diseases that require veterinary care. Since no veterinary-approved products exist for rabbits and most medications must be compounded, pharmacists are likely to encounter prescriptions for rabbits in their practice. It is essential that pharmacists who fill prescriptions for rabbits have a basic understanding of rabbit anatomy, physiology, and common diseases. More importantly, pharmacists must be able to distinguish between safe and dangerous drugs for administration to rabbits. Pharmacists also must take care tu distinguish between pet rabbits and rabbits that are farmed as a food source for human consumption. Some drugs that are routinely used in pet rabbits are prohibited for use in rabbits raised for food production.
Reproduction, Anatomy, and Physiology
Rabbits are members of the family Rodentia and the order Lagumorph. Female rabbits are called "does," and males are called "bucks." Young rabbits are referred to as "kits" or "bunnies." Rabbit gestation is about 31 days. Generally three to seven young are born per litter. They commonly live from 5 to 10 years, and those that have been well cared for and spayed or neutered live 8 to 12 years. Normal body temperature is...