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Web End = Arch Microbiol (2016) 198:10191026 DOI 10.1007/s00203-016-1272-y
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Web End = Probiotic properties of Oxalobacter formigenes: an in vitro examination
Melissa L. Ellis1 Alexander E. Dowell1 Xingsheng Li1 John Knight1
Received: 14 December 2015 / Revised: 20 June 2016 / Accepted: 15 July 2016 / Published online: 23 July 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016
Introduction
Oxalobacter formigenes is part of the microbiota in the large intestine of many humans and other mammalian species (Dawson et al. 1980; Allison et al. 1985; Daniel et al. 1987; Argenzio et al. 1988; Duncan et al. 2002; Miller et al. 2014). Recent evidence indicates a lack of colonization is a risk factor for calcium oxalate stone disease (Kaufman et al. 2008). Protection against calcium oxalate stone disease appears to be due to the oxalate degradation that occurs in the gut on low calcium diets (Jiang et al. 2011; Knight et al. 2013) with a possible further contribution from intestinal oxalate secretion (Hatch and Freel 2013). A review of worldwide data indicated that 3877 % of a normal population and only 17 % of stone formers are colonized with O. formigenes (Kaufman et al. 2008), suggesting that colonization of calcium oxalate stone formers may be an efcacious method for limiting calcium oxalate stone risk.
Probiotic supplements that claim to contain O. formi-genes are available for purchase over the Internet from PRO Lab, Ltd, and Sanzyme, Ltd. However, results from a recent analysis indicated that these supplements do not contain detectable O. formigenes, raising questions about the difculty of manufacturing O. formigenes for probiotic use (Ellis et al. 2015). A recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study showed that ingestion of a lyophilized enteric coated capsulated preparation of O. formigenes, Oxabact, currently not available for purchase, did not result in a signicant reduction in urinary oxalate excretion (Hoppe et al. 2011), which the authors suggested could have been due to problems with bioavail-ability of the supplement or viability of O. formigenes in this formulation.
The main goal of this study was to examine the tolerance of the Group 1 O. formigenes strain OxCC13 to various
Abstract Oxalobacter formigenes (O. formigenes) is a nonpathogenic, Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacterium that commonly inhabits the human gut and degrades oxalate as...