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Bull Environ Contam Toxicol (2012) 89:12531257 DOI 10.1007/s00128-012-0847-9
Persistence Behaviour of Fungicide Mixture (Benalaxyl-M 4% + Mancozeb 65%) WP in Grapes
Chiranjit Kundu Arnab Goon Anjan Bhattacharyya
Received: 24 April 2012 / Accepted: 24 September 2012 / Published online: 2 October 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012
Abstract Benalaxyl-M [methyl N-phenylacetyl-N-2, 6-xylyl-DL-alaninate] is a newly introduced phenyl-amide fungicide whereas Mancozeb is one of the member of ethylenebisdiothiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicide. Benalaxyl-M in combination with Mancozeb effectively controls downy mildew of grapes. A two season eld trial was conducted under West Bengal climatic condition during 20092010 to evaluate the dissipation pattern of fungicide mixture (Benalaxyl-M 4 % ? Mancozeb 65 %) WP in grapes at two application rates (2,750 g and 5,500 g ha-1).
The quantitative analysis was performed using liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) and UVVis spectrophotometer for Benalaxyl-M and Mancozeb residues respectively. Following the rst order kinetics the fungicide Benalaxyl-M dissipates in grapes with half-life (T1/2) value ranges between 2.59 and 2.79 days irrespective of seasons and doses. The dissipation pattern of
Mancozeb also follows rst order kinetics with half-life (T1/2) value ranges between 3.86 and 4.93 days irrespective of seasons and doses.
Keywords Persistence Dissipation Susceptible
Benalaxyl-M
Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) belong to the worlds largest fruit crops with a global production of around 69 million tons in 2006 (FAOSTAT 2007), contain large amounts of phyto-chemicals including anthocyanins and resveratrol, which
offer health benets (Pezzuto 2008), suffers yield losses due to fungal diseases. Downy mildew of grapes is caused by fungus Plasmopara viticola is a serious problem in most of the grape growing areas of west Bengal.
The efcacy of common fungicides to control downy mildew in vines decreases when the same commercial formulations are applied over several years. For this reason, new commercial formulations (containing new fungicides) have to offer to grape-growers to increase the efcacy of antifungal treatments (Egger 2001).
Benalaxyl-M, discovered by Isagro, is a biological active isomer of Benalaxyl that shares the typical properties of phenylamide fungicides. It is characterized by a favourable pharmacokinetics in plants and an increased activity. Thus, it cuts the application rate of racemic Benalaxyl in half, improving the antiperonosporic performance. The quantity of fungicide applied, amount of residues in crops, and impact on the environment...