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The Khakass people - also known as Tadar or Hoorat - are the descendants of the Yenisei Kyrghyz people. Up to Ehe 201h century, the Khakass population was mainly settled on the left bank of river Yenisei. The majority of the Khakasses were illiterate and did not know the Russian language and culture.
According to the 1926 All-Union Demographic Census, the population in Khakassia was about 88,906 people, out of which 82,970 people belonged to rural areas and 5,936 were from urban areas. The number of the Khakasses increased up to 48,300 people (according to some data, it was 44,200 people), which included 1,901 urban people. In 1928, there were 16,554 farms in the okrug, (where 95,453 people worked), among them there were 9,155 Khakasses constituting 55.3 per cent of these farms. The majority of the Khakass population lived in the district of Azkiz (94 per cent of the farms) and the minority - in the district of Bograd (5 per cent of the total number of the farms).
In 1930 the density of the Khakass people in the autonomous region decreased to 53 per cent (45,310 persons). In 1934, the population of Khakassia was 102,920 people, among them 37,244 Khakasses. In 1935, the population increased up to 183,022 people (39,767 Khakasses - 21.7 per cent). According to Kyshpanakov's researches, between 1932 and 1936 the number of Khakasses declined by 14,2 per cent. The decline in the number and density of Khakasses was due to the eviction of the dispossessed bais, political repressions, immigration from other territories to Khakassia, evacuation, exiles, and the repression during the war (the Germans, the Kalmyks, the Baltic people). Besides, thousands of Khakasses did not return from the front.
At present, the population of Khakassia is 540,800 people - urban population is 384,000 (71 per cent) and rural population is 156,800 (29 per cent). There are 8 districts/ 5 towns,...