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Introduction
Facility management (FM) has been considered the last phase of construction projects; nevertheless, it is the most stretched stage (Norstrand, 2000; Misron et al., 2018). Due to its process complexity, Olawumi and Chan (2019) expressed that it is essential to adopt technological approaches in effectively managing the facilities. Technology integration is imperative in any industry, including construction and FM (Yaakob et al., 2016). Successful and total facilities management will be achieved if a building is fundamentally controlled by technologies (Norstrand, 2000; Mustapa et al., 2008). This is one of the core responsibilities of building information modelling (BIM). This is because it enables the modernisation of the FM industry and increases production and value (Hoang et al., 2020).
The nature of BIM falls into collaborative technology used in FM for data interoperability and life cycle management (Yaakob et al., 2016). This is why Hoang et al. (2020) avow that a way to trigger FM development in this present era is by adopting a modern technology that refines practices and productivity. Noor et al. (2018) pointed out that BIM can be applied to a facility’s lifecycle. Yaakob et al. (2016) described BIM as a method of developing and maintaining a building facility using a cohesive and up-to-date computer model system. Therefore, BIM could transform the FM industry if well implemented (Yaakob et al., 2016).
Aziz et al. (2016) noted that BIM offers some benefits wherever it is deployed. This includes site planning and maintenance operations, design visualisation, utilisation, site scheduling, layout and framework coordination. Terreno et al. (2016) also revealed that the advantages BIM could offer to FM practice include maintenance operation, space planning and renovation. Moreover, Hoang et al. (2020) claimed that BIM is very significant during the operation stage of facilities for modelling records, scheduling maintenance, asset and space management and disaster planning. However, despite the benefits of BIM, its implementation during FM activities is lacking in developing nations, especially in building operation and maintenance phases. Morlhon et al. (2014) argued that due to the numerous standards and procedures involved, the implementation of BIM had been hampered. For instance, the adoption of BIM in the FM industry has been slow and not comprehensive on a global scale. Kassem