Content area
Full Text
Wireless Netw (2014) 20:22012217 DOI 10.1007/s11276-014-0731-0
Future Internet of Things: open issues and challenges
Chun-Wei Tsai Chin-Feng Lai Athanasios V. Vasilakos
Published online: 13 May 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014
Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) and its relevant technologies have been attracting the attention of researchers from academia, industry, and government in recent years. However, since the requirements of the IoT are quite different from what the Internet today can offer, several innovative techniques have been gradually developed and incorporated into IoT, which is referred to as the Future Internet of Things (FIoT). Among them, how to extract data and transfer them into knowledge from sensing layer to application layer has become a vital issue. This paper begins with an overview of IoT and FIoT, followed by discussions on how to apply data mining and computational intelligence to FIoT. An intelligent data management framework inspired by swarm optimization will then given. Finally, open issues and future trends of this eld will be addressed.
Keywords Future Internet of Things Data mining
Cloud computing
1 Introduction
Today, we can enjoy the successful results of various information systems and Internet applications because they underwent several changes and redesigns to satisfy the needs of end users. With relevant technologies, systems, and Internet at hand, several incredible approaches can then be imagined and realized. The Internet applications are now linked closely to the daily life of humans covering various elds from the World Wide Web to e-mail to e-Learning to search engine to social network [1, 2]. Debut of these applications has made our life much more convenient today than in the past.
Recently, several studies from academics, industries, and governments have attempted to connect all things in the world to the Internet to provide a seamless integrated system for enhancing their performance in the transmission of information, called Internet of Things (IoT) [3, 4]. In addition to providing us a better life (in terms of food, dressing, housing, transportation, education, and entertainment), the impact of IoT can also be found in the market of renewable/sustainable energy no matter where it is [5]. Until now, the IoT is still not well dened. That is why several studies [4, 68] have focused on clarifying the denition of IoT and...