Content area
Full Text
Abstract This descriptive study was conducted to determine the most common site of mandible fractures.
200 patients with fracture mandible who reported to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from April 2012 to September 2012 formed study group. Data concerning age gender mechanism of injury and site of fracture evaluated and recorded on specially designed proforma. Orthopento- mogram (OPG) and where necessary postero- Anterior and right and left lateral oblique views of the mandible were used to diagnose the fracture site. Fracture mandible was predominantly common in males (84%) as compared to females (16%) with male to female ratio of 5.25:1. The age range was 2-65 years with mean age of 21.45 S.D 12.59 years. The most common age group involved was 21-30 years (30%) and road traffic accident was the common mechanism of injury (57%) followed by fall (31.5%). Parasymphysis was the most common site when mandible was fractures at a single site i.e.
43% while parasymphysis and angle fracture combination was observed in 31%. The study revealed that majority of the patients were young adult males. The most common etiological fracture was road traffic accident and isolated parasymphysis was the most common fracture site.
Key Words: Fracture mandible Symphysis Parasymphysis Road traffic accident.
IntRoductIon Mandible is the strongest bone of facial skeleton but it is fractured most frequently because of its prominent position anatomic configuration mobility and less bone support.1 It is the only mobile bone of facial skeleton and it plays an important role in mastication phonation deglutition and maintenance of dental occlusion.
Fracture mandible accounts for 36%-59% of maxil- lofacial trauma. The large variability in prevalence is due to variety of contributing factors such as gender age environment and socioeconomic status of patient.
About 44.6 to 74.4 kg/m energy is required to fracture it which is about the same as the zygoma and about half that for the frontal bone.4 Fracture mandible may occur alone or in combination with other facial injuries. Fracture site depends upon mechanism of injury magnitude and direction of impact force prominence of mandible and anatomy of site. The common etiological factors are road traffic accidents falls assaults sports injury firearm injury and industrial accidents. These etiological factors depend upon geographic location physical activity social cultural...