CATALOGUE OF NEOTROPICAL PLECOPTERA

Headnote

ABSTRACT

The Catalogue of Neotropical Plecoptera lists 508 valid names, of which 32 are dubious. The history of each name is given. The Neotropical Region comprises six families, of which two are endemic to the southern half. The Diamphipnoidae has 3 genera and 6 species, the Eustheniidae, 2 genera and 2 species, the Austroperlidae, 3 genera and 4 species, the Gripopterygidae, 28 genera and 85 species, the Notonemouridae, 4 genera and 18 species and the Perlidae, 10 genera and 393 species, the majority (332 species) in the genus Anacroneuria.

Keywords: Plecoptera, stoneflies, Catalogue, Neotropical Region

(ProQuest: ... denotes formula omitted.)

INTRODUCTION

This catalogue includes the Neotropical stoneflies and the species of Anacroneuria, as well as a fossil nymph from Mexico, southern Nearctic Region.

The first world catalogue of Plecoptera is that of CLAASSEN (1940) that listed 1355 species (ILLIES 1966). The second is the magnum opus of ILLIES (1966) that listed 1484 species. A review of the classification, a study of the morphology and a phylogeny of the order, in addition to an update of ILLIES's catalogue, are presented by ZWICK (1973b). The world total was recently estimated at 3497 species (FOCHETTI & TIERNO DE FIGUEROA 2008). This catalogue, that covers the literature until 2009, lists 508 valid species, of which 32 are dubious.

For the Neotropical Region, only local lists are available. The exception is Chile, with the articles of CEKALOVIC (1976) and VERA & CAMOUSSEIGHT (2006) that list the species and gives their distribution. The first author adds all localities and their coordinates and altitude, the second, the life stages known and the species occurrences in bordering countries. A catalogue for the largely unknown fauna of Nicaragua is given by MAES (1988). Here, in addition to taxonomic articles, data of some faunistic/ ecological articles are included,when these extend the distribution of taxa.

A comprehensive book on the Plecoptera of Latin America was published in 2009 (STARK, FROEHLICH & ZÚÑIGA 2009). It presents a general introduction to the order and keys to families in English and Spanish and, for each family, chief characteristics, keys to genera in English and Spanish and a list of species of each genus.

Names of countries follow the English usage, names of provinces, states, localities are in vernacular. For Chile, the new division into regions is added as Roman numerals in the distribution of species, based in a large part on VERA and CAMOUSSEIGHT (l.c.); the Metropolitan Region is indicated by M. Feet and miles are converted to metric.

The localities of three species of Anacroneuria described by KLAPÁLEK (1921, 1922) are given as Chaco, Bolivia, but in consequence of the Chaco War (1932-1935) most of the area was ceded to Paraguay.

The general format for the genera and species is the following:

Genus Xyz AUTHOR

Xyz AUTHOR year: p., figs....( ). Species typica: original genus epithet AUTHOR Áyear, if not the same as genus]. ? AUTHOR...

synonym AUTHOR year: p., figs.... ( ). Species typica: orig. genus epithet AUTHOR Áyear, if not the same as genus]. ? AUTHOR year: p. Synonym of Xyz Distribution

epithet ÁOriginal genus, if different} AUTHOR year: p., figs.... ( ). Holotype, sex: COUNTRY, Province or State, locality ÁCOLLECTOR, date]; Museum. Paratypes:... New COUNTRY, Province. ? ÁGenus, if different} AUTHOR year: p., figs.... ( ). New COUNTRY, Province. Comments.

synonym AUTHOR year: p. ? AUTHOR year: p. Synonym of...

If not specified, the data refers to adults.

A list of the collections or museums holding types follows. Most are given by the name of the city where the collection is found, as this gives, in the author's opinion, a more prompt location of the place. A few are given by the name of the collection and a number of acronyms are kept.

AMNH - American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.

Apollinaris - Collection of Frater Apollinaris. Lost.

Barcelona - Museo de Zoología, Barcelona, Spain.

Berlin - Museum für Naturkunde des Humboldt-Universit~t zu Berlin, Germany.

Cali - Museo de Entomología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

Carmagnola - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Carmagnola, Italy.

CAS - California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Carnegie - Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburg, PA, USA.

Cordoba - Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Argentina.

Cornell - Insect Collection, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

Cuiabá - Coleção Regional de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.

DEI - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Müncheberg, Germany.

Field - The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA.

Gainesville - Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Genève - Université de Genève, Switzerland.

Genova - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria', Genova, Italy.

Guelph - Insect Collection, Guelph University, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Greifswald - Greifswald Museum, Germany.

Halle - Martin-Luther-Universit~t Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.

Hamburg - Entomologische Sammlung des Zoologisches Staatsinstitut und Zoologisches Museum, Universit~t Hamburg, Germany.

Helsinki - Natural History Museum, Helsinki, Finland.

Illies - ILLIES collection, formerly in the Limnological Station at Schlitz, now under care of P. ZWICK, Schlitz, Germany.

INHS - Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.

Jewett - JEWETT's collection, Portland, OR, USA; fate unknown.

Klapálek - Klapálek's collection, Prague.

La Plata - Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina

Lausanne - Musée de Zoologie, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Leiden - Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The Netherlands.

London - Natural History Museum, London, UK.

Los Angeles - Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Manaus - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil.

Maracay - Museo del Instituto de Zoología Agricola, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela.

MCZ - Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, MA, USA.

Medellín - Museo de Entomología "Francisco Luis Gallego", Universidad Nacional, Medellín, Colombia.

Montevideo - Departmento de Artropódos, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciências, Universidad del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Navás - NAVÁS's Collection, Colégio Cristo Rey, Zaragoza. During the Spanish Civil War in part destroyed, in part lost afterwards by neglect, remnants trasferred to Barcelona.

Nebraska - University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA.

NMNH - National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA.

Ottawa - Canadian National Collection, Ottawa, Canada.

Panamá - Museo de Invertebrados de la Universidad de Panamá.

Paris - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.

Peabody - Peabody Museum, Yale University. New Haven, CT, USA.

Prague - National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic.

Rio de Janeiro - Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Santiago - Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Santiago, Chile.

São Paulo - Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Selys - Muséum des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium.

Stockholm - Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Torino - Museo di Zoologia, Universit| degli Studi di Torino, Italy.

Tucumán - Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.

UM - University of Minnesota, Department of Entomology,Saint Paul, MN, USA.

UNAM - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.

Vienna - Naturhistorische Museum Wien, Austria

Warsaw - Polish Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Warsaw.

Zaragoza - Colegio Cristo Rey, Zaragoza, Spain.

ACKNOWLEGMENTS

For help in obtaining old literature, I'm grateful to Dr. Oliver S. Flint (Washington, DC, USA), Dr. Pablo Pessaq (Esquel, Argentina) and Alejandro Vera (Santiago, Chile). To Dr. Peter Zwick, for a first reading and corrections. To CNPq, for a research fellowship during all the years taken in preparing the catalogue. My profound recognition to Drs. Bill P. Stark and Ignac Sivec for important corrections and suggestions.

LIST OF TAXA

...

CATALOGUE

Eusthenioidea

Archiperlaria ILLIES 1960b: 663

Diamphipnoidae RICKER

Diamphipnoinae RICKER 1950: 197.

Diamphipnoidae ILLIES 1960b:680, fig. 11 (distribution map). Key to genera. ? ILLIES 1966:9, fig.3 (distribution map). ? ZWICK 1973b:194. ? STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:59.

Genus Diamphipnoa GERSTAECKER

Diamphipnoa GERSTAECKER 1873:62, figs. 17-27 (habitus, mouth parts, gill, abdomen). Species typica, monotypy: Diamphipnoa lichenalis. ? SÁMAL 1931:267. Revision. ? ILLIES 1960b:684. Redefined. ? STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:60.

Distribution: Southern South America.

annulata ÁStenoperla} (BRAUER 1869):17. Syntypes ?, ?: CHILE; Hamburg, missing. ? ÁDiamphipnoa} TILLYARD 1921: 235, pl.14, fig. 8 (habitus). ?, CHILE: IX: Cautín; X: Chiloé.? SAMAL 1931:271 figs. 9-13 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral, dorsal). IX: Cautín; X: Chiloé. ? ILLIES 1960b:687, Figs. 12A, 13A, 14, 16 (Nymph, habitus, mouthparts; right wings; ?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; paraproct; mandibles; ?: st8; eggs). VII: Curicó; VIII: Ñuble; IX: Cautín; X: Llanquihue, Chiloé. Nymphs: XIV: Valdivia; XI: Aisén? ? ILLIES 1966:10. ? JOOST 1976:204. "Mittelchile".

lichenalis ÁDiamphipnoa} GERSTAECKER 1873:64, figs. 17-27 (habitus, male and female; mouthparts, abdomen ventral, male and female; gills). Syntypes ?, ?: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Puerto Montt ÁFONCK, 1860]; DEI. ? TILLYARD 1921. Synonym of Diamphipnoa annulata.

colberti STARK 2008:55, figs. 1-6 (habitus; terminalia dorsal, lateral; epiproct dorsal, lateral; paraproct lateral). Holotype, male: CHILE: VII: Maule, Pullehue, along Río Curanilahue *SA Marshall, 26/XI/2006]; Guelph (pro tempore)

helgae ILLIES 1960b:685, figs. 1, 15 (habitus, dorsal, ventral; ? terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; paraproct; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: IX: Malleco, Curacautín, 38°25'S, 521 m ÁPEÑA, 19/12/1950]; DEI. Paratypes: 1?, 2?. X: Osorno, Puyehue. ARGENTINA, Río Negro. Nymphs: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno, Llanquihue. ? ILLIES 1966:10.

virescentipennis ÁPerla} (BLANCHARD 1851):99. CHILE: ÁVIII]: San Carlos; lost. ?ÁDiamphipnoa} SÁMAL 1931 (nec BLANCHARD 1851):268, figs. 1-8 (wings; ?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral; egg). CHILE: IX: Cautín; XIV: Valdivia. ? SÁMAL 1932 (nec BLANCHARD 1851):59, figs. 1-7 (nymph: head and thorax, mouthparts, terminalia lateral). VII: Maule; XIV: Valdivia. ? ILLIES 1960b:689, fig. 17 (M area of forewing; ?, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, epiproct; ? terminalia ventral). Neotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Ñuble, Cordillera Chillán, ca. 37°S ÁGERMAIN, 1899]; DEI. Paraneotypes: 2?, 1?, same data as neotype. ? ILLIES 1966:11.

Genus Diamphipnopsis ILLIES

Diamphipnopsis ILLIES 1960b:690, fig. 11 (distribution map). Species typica, original designation: Diamphipnopsis samali ILLIES. ? STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:60.

Distribution: Chile; Argentina (WAIS & BONETTO 1988:1457).

beschi ILLIES 1960b:694, fig. 20 (?: mandibles; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Pillaifa Stream, 39°55'S, 600 m ÁBESCH, 20/I/1958]; Illies. ? ILLIES 1966:11. ? STARK, 2008:57, figs. 7-8 (female: head and pronotum, terminalia ventral). CHILE: X: Oncol, P. Boniface Way. Putative female.

samali ILLIES 1960b:692, figs. 2, 18-19 (anatomy of abdomen; right wings; ?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Panguipulli, 39°40'S *A FAZ, 22/IV/1928]; DEI. Paraypes: 11?, 12?, VIII: Arauco; IX: Cautín; XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno. Nymphs: IX: Cautín, Temuco; XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno, Llanquihue; XII: Magallanes? ? WERNER 1965:227. X: Chiloé. ? ILLIES 1966:11. ? JOOST 1976:204. VIII: Arauco; XI: Aisén.

virescentipennis; SÁMAL 1931 (nec BLANCHARD 1851). ILLIES 1960b. Synonym of D. samali.

Eustheniidae TILLYARD

Eustheniidae TILLYARD 1921a:38. ? ILLIES 1960:668. Redefinition. ? ILLIES 1966:4, fig. 2 (distribution map). ? ZWICK 1973b:193. ? STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:63.

Stenoperlinae TILLYARD

Stenoperlinae TILLYARD 1921b:233. ? ILLIES 1960b:671. Redefinition. ? ZWICK 1973b:194. ? ZWICK 1979:37. Comments; key to genera.

Genus Neuroperla ILLIES

Neuroperla ILLIES 1960b:673. Species typica, monotypy: Stenoperla schedingi NAVÁS. ? ZWICK 1979:39. ? STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:64.

Distribution: Southern South America.

schedingi ÁStenoperla} (NAVÁS 1929d):327, fig. 73 (head and pronotum, terminalia ventral and lateral, anal area of forewing). Holotype, ?: CHILE, XIV: Valdivia, Corral ÁC SCHENDING (sic), 17/01/1907]; Hamburg. ? AUBERT 1956b:437. Type lost. ? ÁNeuroperla} ILLIES 1960b:673, figs. 3B, 5A, 6A, 7, 8 (head ventral; right wings; nymph, habitus; ?: habitus dorsal, ventral; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st7-8; eggs). Neotype, ?: CHILE: X: Osorno, small stream E Lago Puyehue (40°40'S), 800 m *ILLIES, 24/XII/1957]; DEI. Nymphs: IX: Cautín; XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno, Llanquihue. ? WEIDNER 1962:108. Type destroyed in World War II. ? ILLIES 1966:4. ? JOOST 1976: 204. XI: Aisén. ? schedingi? WAIS 1986:39, figs. 1-3 (nymph: habitus, dorsal, ventral; gill). ARGENTINA: Neuquén.

Eustheniinae TILLYARD

Eustheniinae TILLYARD 1921b:226. ? ILLIES 1960b:675. ? ZWICK 1979:20. Comments. Key to genera.

Genus Neuroperlopsis ILLIES

Neuroperlopsis ILLIES 1960b:677. Species typica, monotypy: Neuroperlopsis patris ILLIES. ? ZWICK 1979:20. ? STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:65.

Distribution: Chile.

patris ILLIES 1960b:678, figs. 5B, 6B, 9-10 (right wings; nymph, habitus; ?: habitus dorsal, ventral; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; paraproct; ?: st7-8). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Osorno, small stream E Lago Puyehue ca. 1000 m a.s.l., 40°40'S ÁILLIES, 24/XII/1957]; DEI, but see below. Paratypes: 2?, 1?, VIII: Ñuble. * WERNER 1965:227. VII: Curicó. * ILLIES 1966:8. * JOOST 1976:204. IX: Cautín. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:168. Holotype in Lausanne.

Gripopterygoidea

Leptoperloidea TILLYARD 1926:117

Austroperlidae TILLYARD

Austroperlidae TILLYARD 1921:35. * ILLIES 1966:12, fig 4 (distribution map). * ZWICK 1973b:194, fig.63 (distribution map). * MCLELLAN 2001b:233, 238, fig. 30 (distribution map). Diagnosis, comments, keys. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:51. Comments, keys.

Penturoperlidae ILLIES 1960c:27. * ILLIES 1969. Synonym of Austroperlidae.

Genus Andesobius MCLELLAN

Andesobius MCLELLAN 2001b:242. Species typica, monotypy: Klapopteryx barilochensis ILLIES. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:53.

Distribution: Southern South America.

barilochensis ÁKlapopteryx} ILLIES 1960c:33, figs 1-5 (nymph: habitus, terminalia lateral, ventral; ?: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: right forewing, terminalia ventral, posterior). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Río Negro, Ñireco, 800 m ÁJ ILLIES, 05/XII/1957]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?. Nymphs: Río Negro; CHILE: IX: Cautín; X: Osorno, Llanquihue. * ILLIES 1966:14. * ÁAndesobius} MCLELLAN 2001b:244, figs. 15-22 (nymph: head; adult: head, pronotum, forewing; ?: genitalia lateral, dorsal, epiproct; ?: terminalia ventral). ARGENTINA: Neuquén, Chubut, Río Negro; CHILE: X (Los Lagos).

Genus Klapopteryx NAVÁS

Klapopteryx NAVÁS 1928:122. Species typica, monotypy: Klapopteryx armillata NAVÁS. * ILLIES 1960c:33, fig. 6a-c (mouthparts), 7 (distribution). * ILLIES 1964:56. Key for ?. * ILLIES 1966:13. * ILLIES 1969:40. Redefined. * ZWICK 1973b:196. * MCLELLAN 2001b:239. Diagnosis. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:55.

Distribution: Southern South America.

armillata NAVÁS 1928:123, fig. 22 (forewing, part of hindwing). Holotype, ?: CHILE: ÁXIV: Valdivia], Panguipulli ÁFAZ, 17/XI/1924]; DEI. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Berlin. * ILLIES 1960c:37, fig. 6f (? st8). VII: Linares; XIV: Valdivia. * ILLIES 1966:14. * PETERSEN & GAEDIKE 1968:964. Type in bad condition. * MCLELLAN 2001b:239, figs. 1-8 (forewing; ?: genitalia lateral, dorsal, epiproct, penis ventral; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus).

costalis ILLIES 1960c:37, fig. 6g (?, st8). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Caramávida, Nahuelbuta, ca. 38°S, 750m *L. Peña, 25/XII/1953+; Illies. * ILLIES 1966:14. * MCLELLAN 2001b:239. Synonym of Klapopteryx armillata.

kuscheli ILLIES 1960c:35, fig. 6d-e (tarsus, ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XI: Aisén, Río Murta, tributary of Lago Buenos Aires, 46°28'S, 72°40'W, ca. 300 m *KUSCHEL, 26/I/1956]; Illies. Paratypes: 1?. Nymphs: XII: Última Esperanza. * ILLIES 1964c:53, figs. 3-4 (?: habitus; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral). ARGENTINA: Río Negro (3?, 6?; ILLIES's designation as paratypes is invalid). * ILLIES 1966:14. * MCLELLAN 2001b:241, figs. 9-14 (?: genitalia lateral, dorsal, paraproct; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: hind leg). * MISERENDINO & PIZZOLÓN 2000:75. ARGENTINA: Chubut.

sp. D MCLELLAN 2001b:250. ARGENTINA: Neuquén, Lago Rucachoroi, W Aluminé *CM & OS FLINT, 1-2/III/1972]; NMNH. One nymph.

sp. E MCLELLAN 2001b: 250. CHILE: X: Osorno, Pucatrihue, at Puente Hermoso ÁPJ SPANGLER, 29/I/1978]; NMNH. Three nymphs.

Genus Penturoperla ILLIES

Penturoperla ILLIES 1960c:38. Species typica, monotypy: Penturoperla barbata ILLIES. * ILLIES 1966:15. * ILLIES 1969:39. Redefined. * ZWICK 1973b:197. * MCLELLAN 2001b:245. Diagnosis. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:57.

Distribution: Southern South America, from ca. 35° to 46°S.

barbata ILLIES 1960c:39, figs. 8-10 (right forewings; nymph: habitus, mouthparts, abdomen tip ventral; ?: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: terminalia ventral, posterior; hind leg). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VII: Curicó, El Coigual, 35°S ÁL PEÑA, IV/1955]; Illies. Paratypes: 4?, 5?, Curicó; VIII: Ñuble, Arauco; IX: Cautín; XIV: Valdivia; XI: Aisén. ARGENTINA: Río Negro. Nymphs: IX: Cautín; XIV: Valdivia; X: Llanquihue. * WERNER 1965:227. XI: Aisén. * ILLIES 1966:15. * JOOST 1976:204. IX: Cautín. * MCLELLAN 2001b:247, figs. 23-29 (wings; ?: genitalia dorsal, epiproct, paraproct; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus). ARGENTINA: Neuquén; CHILE: IX (La Araucanía); X (Los Lagos).

Gripopterygidae ENDERLEIN

Gripopterygidae ENDERLEIN 1909b:392 (key to subfamilies and genera). * FROEHLICH 1960:3. Comments. * ILLIES 1963:148, fig. 1 (Distribution map). Redefinition. Key to subfamilies. * ILLIES 1966:28, fig.7 (distribution map). * FROEHLICH 1969:17. Comments. * ZWICK 1973b:198, fig. 64 (distribution map). * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:68.

Andiperlinae AUBERT 1956a:230. * ILLIES 1960d:164, fig. 4 (distribution map). * ILLIES 1964a:47. Megandiperla ILLIES is an Antarctoperlinae, Andiperla AUBERT and Andiperlodes ILLIES are Paragripopteryginae.

Gripopterygidae, nymph: Claudioperla? BARRETO-VARGAS, G.; REINOSO-FLÓREZ, G.; GUEVARA-CARDONA, G.; VILLA-NAVARRO, F.A. 2005. COLOMBIA: Tolima.

Antarctoperlinae ENDERLEIN

Antarctoperlinae ENDERLEIN 1909b:392. * ILLIES 1963:208. Redefined. Key to genera. * ILLIES 1966:48. * ZWICK 1973b:210.

Andiperlinae AUBERT 1956a (partim): Megandiperla ILLIES.

Genus Antarctoperla ENDERLEIN

Antarctoperla ENDERLEIN 1905:810. Species typica, original designation: Antarctoperla anderssoni ENDERLEIN. * ENDERLEIN 1909b:416. * ENDERLEIN 1909c:683. * ENDERLEIN 1912:121. * ILLIES 1963:210, fig 34 (distribution map). Redefined. Key to species. * ILLIES 1966:48. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:80.

Distribution: Southern South America.

altera ZWICK 1973a:475, fig. 2 (?, st8-9). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Isla Wellington, Puerto Eden, 300-800 m. ÁHOLDGATE, 02/XII/1958]; Illies. Paratype: 1?. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:37, figs. 50-52 (nymph: habitus; segment 7, cross section; t10 and cercus, dorsal).

anderssoni; ILLIES 1963, partim (nec ENDERLEIN 1905):211, figs. 33b-e (?: terminalia dorsal, lateral, detail of paraproct; ?: terminalia ventral). CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Isla Wellington, Puerto Eden.

anderssoni ENDERLEIN 1905:811, figs. 1, 3 (wings, cercus). Holotype, ?: ÁARGENTINA, Tierra del Fuego], Ushuaia ÁANDERSSON, III/1902]; Stockholm. * ENDERLEIN 1909b:416. * ENDERLEIN 1912:121, figs. 29-30 (wings, cercus), Tab. 4, fig. 41 (wings). * FROEHLICH 1960:13, Fig. 7 (? terminalia ventral). * ILLIES 1963:212, figs. 32-33a-d (nymph: habitus; mandible and maxilla; terminalia ventral; forewing; ?: terminalia dorsal and lateral, detail of paraproct; ?: terminalia ventral). CHILE: XII: Magallanes. * ILLIES 1964a:46, fig. 5f (? terminalia lateral). * ILLIES 1966:48. * JOOST 1976:205. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia. * ZWICK 1973a:473. Synonym of A. michaelseni.

michaelseni ÁGripopteryx} KLAPÁLEK 1904:12, figs. 9-10 (wings, terminalia lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: Tierra del Fuego, Lago de Jacinta, wood ÁMICHAELSEN, 27/X/1892]; Hamburg. * ÁAntarctoperla} ENDERLEIN 1905:814. * ENDERLEIN 1909b:416. * ENDERLEIN 1909c:683. * FROEHLICH 1960. (partim, ? nec KLAPÁLEK 1904):14, fig. 8 (?: terminalia lateral, dorsal,ventral, detail; ?: terminalia ventral). CHILE: VIII: Ñuble; IX: Angol, Cautín, Malleco; X: Llanquihue, Osorno; XIV: Valdivia. Female probably a Chilenoperla species, fide ZWICK 1973a. * ÁGripopteryx} WEIDNER 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. * ILLIES 1963:213, fig. 35 (wings; ?: paraproct, hind tarsus; ?: subgenital plate). CHILE, ARGENTINA, from 33° to 51°S. * WERNER 1965:231, from VII to XII. * ILLIES 1966:49. * JOOST 1976: 205. VII: Cauquenes, Linares; XI: Aisén. * ZWICK 1972b:99. CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Chiloé. * ZWICK 1973a:473, fig. 1 (?: st8-9). * JOOST 1976:205. * VERA 2007:21, fig. 4a (nymphal tarsi).

anderssoni ENDERLEIN 1905:811. * ZWICK 1973a:473. Synonym of A. michaelseni.

ruizi ÁGripopteryx} (NAVÁS 1928):120. Holotype: CHILE: ÁIX: Malleco+, Lonquimay; Navás, lost. Paratypes: IX: Malleco, Cautín, Victoria. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type not located. * ILLIES 1963. Synonym of Antarctoperla michaelseni.

Genus Araucanioperla ILLIES

Araucanioperla ILLIES 1963:231. Species typica, original designation: Antarctoperla brincki FROEHLICH. Key to species. * ILLIES 1966:49. * ZWICK 1973b:211. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:80.

Distribution: Southern South America.

brincki ÁAntarctoperla} FROEHLICH 1960:16, fig. 9 (wings; ?: terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Osorno, Puyehue. (40°40'S) *ROSS & MICHELBACHER, 26/I/1951]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratype: 1?. * ÁAraucanioperla} ILLIES 1963:232, fig. 45 (wings, pronotum ? and ?). X: Llanquihue, Chiloé. * WERNER 1965:231. XI: Aisén. * ILLIES 1966:49. * ZWICK 1973b:211. * JOOST 1976:206. VIII: Arauco.

bullocki ÁGrypopterix (sic)} (NAVÁS 1933):231, fig. 48 (pronotum, forewing). Holotype: CHILE: ÁIX: Malleco] Angol Á37°45'S+ *BULLOCK, 07/IX/1931]; Barcelona. * AUBERT 1957:58. Holotype in Barcelona. * ÁAraucanioperla}ILLIES 1963:233, fig. 46 (?: wings, head and pronotum, terminalia ventral). CHILE: X: Llanquihue. ARGENTINA: Chubut. * ILLIES 1966:49. * VERA 2007:16, figs, 1-9 (Nymph: habitus; mouthparts; tarsi I, II, III; ? and ? terminalia lateral; detail of segment 7, shape variation of pronotum and paraproct. Fig. 4a: Antactoperla michaelseni: tarsi). CHILE: VII (Maule). Description of nymph.

Araucanioperla (?), larval type C ZWICK 1972b:97, fig. 2 (nymph: habitus, terminalia ventral). CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Cordillera Pelada ÁF. REISS, 16/XI/1969]. * VERA 2007:21. The nymph is not Araucanioperla.

Araucanioperla sp.? WAIS 1983:97, fig. 1 (nymph: habitus dorsal, ventral, lateral, terminalia lateral). ARGENTINA: Río Negro, Arroyo Los Césares, 41°26'S, 71°40'W *IR WAIS, 31/V/1983], 3 nymphs. Similis larval type A ILLIES 1963 (=Neopentura semifusca ILLIES, fide VERA 2006b).

Genus Ceratoperla ILLIES

Ceratoperla ILLIES 1963:216. Species typica, monotypy: Notoperla fazi NAVÁS. Key to species. * ILLIES 1966:50. * ZWICK 1973b:211. NELSON 1973:315. Key to species, phylogenetic relationships among species. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:81.

Distribution: Southern South America.

fazi ÁNotoperla} (NAVÁS 1934b):162, fig. 37 (forewing). Holotype, ?: CHILE: ÁIX: Cautín], Temuco ÁFAZ, I/1928]; DEI. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Berlin. * ÁCeratoperla} ILLIES 1963:218, figs. 36, 37 (nymph: habitus, mandible and maxilla; terminalia ventral. Wings. ? terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; ? terminalia ventral). CHILE, 38° to 41°S. * ILLIES 1966:50. CHILE, ARGENTINA. * PETERSEN & GAEDIKE 1968:965. Holotype in DEI, in bad condition. * ZWICK 1973b:211. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:40, fig.70 (lacinia).

schwabei ILLIES 1963:220, fig. 38 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, detail; ?: terminalia ventral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Río Rahue, ca. Lago Rupanco (40°45'S) ÁHG SCHWABE & J ILLIES; 31/X/1957]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?, 1?, 1 exuviae. * ILLIES 1966:50. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:35, figs. 43-47 (nymph, first instar, habitus, antenna, segments 9-10, pilosity; slightly larger specimen, habitus). IX: Malleco.

Genus Chilenoperla ILLIES

Chilenoperla ILLIES 1963:221. Species typica, original designation: Chilenoperla semitincta ILLIES. Key to species. * ILLIES 1966:50. * ZWICK 1973b:211. * VERA 2008:155. Nymph of Ch. elongata very similar to that described as nymph of Pelurgoperla by ILLIES 1963, but ILLIES's species and genus confirmed by exuviae and a partially emerged adult male. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:82.

Distribution: Southern South America.

beschi ILLIES 1963:225, fig. 41 (? terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, epiproct; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Niebla, 39°45'S *W BESCH, 06/IX/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 3?, 3?, Valdivia; VII: Linares. * WERNER 1965:231. VII: Linares; IX: Malleco. * ILLIES 1966:50. * NELSON 1973:318, figs. 6-10 (holotype ?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; epiproct lateral, dorsal).

elongata VERA 2008:145, figs.1-6 (wings, apex of sings of second specimen, head and pronotum; male: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, paraproct and cercus, epiproct dorsal, lateral; female: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, praproct and cercus, variations of paraprocts; nymph: habitus, habitat, exuviae, setae of antenna, posterior margin of tergum 7, tarsi, mandible, labium, maxilla, lacinia medial, ventral), table 1 (measurements). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VII, Vilches Alto (35°36'18"S, 71°03'44"W) *A VERA, 06-08/XII/2002]; Santiago. Allotype, ?, same data as holotype. Paratypes: 11?, 15?.

illiesi NELSON 1973:318, figs. 11-17 (wings, ?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; epiproct lateral, dorsal; ?: terminalia, ventral). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA, Río Negro, Bariloche ÁR & E SHANNON, 11/1926]. NMNH. Paratypes: 2?, 2?: CHILE: VII: Linares, Fundo Malcho, Cordillera Parral.

beschi ILLIES 1963, partim, ?. Fide NELSON 1973.

puerilis ILLIES 1963:226, figs. 39 Áhandwritten correction by ILLIES, stating that the nymph belongs to Ch. puerilis] (nymph: habitus, mandible, maxilla, terminalia ventral), 42 (?: terminalia lateral, epiproct). Holotype, mature ? nymph, adult terminalia extracted: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Peulla, stream near Laguna Margarita (41°05'S) *BRUNDIN, 18/I/1954]; Illies. Paratypes: 10 nymphs. * ILLIES 1966:51. * NELSON 1973:321, figs. 18-22 (Holotype, ?: terminalia dorsal, lateral, ventral; epiproct lateral, dorsal).* MISERENDINO & PIZZOLÓN 2000:64. ARGENTINA: Chubut

semitincta ILLIES 1963:223, fig. 40 (wings; ?: hind leg; terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, epiproct; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Niebla, at sea level, 39°45'S *ILLIES, 12/X/1957]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?, X: Lanquihue. * ILLIES 1966:51. * NELSON 1973:316, figs. 1-5 (holotype ?, terminalia dorsal, ventral and lateral; epiproct, lateral and dorsal). * ZWICK 1972b:99. X: Chiloé. * ZWICK 1973b:211. * MISERENDINO 2006:269. ARGENTINA: Chubut.

spec. ZWICK 1972b: 99. Two small nymphs. CHILE: X: Monte Tronador, 1700 m ÁREISS].

Genus Megandiperla ILLIES

Megandiperla ILLIES 1960d:161. Species typica, monotypy: Megandiperla kuscheli ILLIES. In Andiperlinae. * ILLIES 1963:241, fig. 50b (maxilla), 51 (distribution map). * ILLIES 1964a:38, fig. 1C (?, habitus), 46, fig. 5e (?, terminalia lateral). In Antarctoperlinae. * ILLIES 1966:51. * ZWICK 1973b:212. * LANFRANCO 1982:208, fig. 1 (distribution). * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:89.

Distribution: Southern Chile.

kuscheli ILLIES 1960d:162, figs. 1-4 (?: habitus; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, terminalia dorsal, ventral; mouthparts). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Monte Jervis (49°10'S), 1000 m *G KUSCHEL, 20/XII/1958]; Santiago. Paratypes: 1?, 3?. Additional material: 1? plus a number of lost adults and nymphs, XII: Peninsula Muñoz Gamero. * ILLIES 1964a:47, fig. 5e (? terminalia lateral). * ILLIES 1966:51. * ZWICK 1973b:212.

Genus Pehuenioperla VERA

Pehuenioperla VERA 2009:318. Species typica, monotypy: Pehuenioperla llaima VERA.

Distribution: Southern South America.

llaima VERA 2009:319, figs. 1-21 (male: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, posterior, epiproct, cercus and paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; female: head and pronotum, head and thorax lateral, tarsus, wings, terminalia ventral, lateral; nymph: habitus, head and pronotum, tarsi, mandible, lacinia and galea ventral and internal, apex of lacinia, labium and maxillae ventral, male and female terminalia lateral, female terminalia dorsal). Holotype, ?: CHILE: IX: Parque Nacional Conguillio, Estero Conguillio, 38°25'S *A VERA, 20/IX/2008]; Santiago. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype but 12/IX/2009. Paratypes: 1? stuck in exuviae; 2?, 2? exuviae.

Genus Pelurgoperla ILLIES

Pelurgoperla ILLIES 1963:227. Species typica, monotypy: Pelurgoperla personata ILLIES. * ILLIES 1966:51. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:91.

Distribution: Southern South America.

Genus Plegoperla ILLIES

Plegoperla ILLIES 1963:238. Species typica, monotypy: Antarctoperla punctata FROEHLICH. * ILLIES 1966:52. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:92.

Distribution: Chile.

borggreenae ILLIES 1965:153, fig. 2 (borggreenae ?, pronotum, terminalia ventral; punctata ?, pronotum, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Pichinahual, Sierra de Nahuelbuta (37°47'S), 1200-1400 m ÁPEÑA, 23-31/I/1954]; Illies. Paratypes, 1?, 2?. * ILLIES 1966:52.

punctata ÁAntarctoperla} (FROEHLICH 1960):17, fig. 10 (?: antenna; pronotum; wings; terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: IX: Angol, Sierra de Nahuelbuta, W Angol, 1200 m ÁROSS & MICHELBACHER]; CAS. * ÁPlegoperla} ILLIES 1963:239, fig.49 (?: wings, head, pronotum, foreleg; terminalia dorsal, epiproct). VIII: Arauco. * ILLIES 1965:153. P. punctata; ILLIES 1963 (nec FROEHLICH 1960)=P. borggreenae ILLIES. * WERNER 1965:231, VIII: Biobío. * ILLIES 1966:52.

Antarctoperlinae (Araucanioperla?) larval type A ILLIES 1963:235, fig. 46 (nymph: habitus dorsal, lateral; mandible; maxilla; terminalia ventral); Illies. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia (39°-40°S); X: Llanquihue (41°S). * WAIS 1983:9. ARGENTINA: Río Negro. * VERA 2006b:70. Nymph of Neopentura semifusca ILLIES.

Antarctoperlinae (Araucanioperla?) larval type B ILLIES 1963:236-238, fig. 48 (nymph: habitus dorsal, lateral; mandible; maxilla; terminalia ventral); Illies. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, (39°35'S); X: Llanquihue, (41°20'S). * VERA 2007:21. The nymph is not Araucanioperla.

Antarctoperlinae Species B MCLELLAN, WAIS, CABO 1990:180, figs. 6-11 (habitus, maxilla, mandible, terminalia ventral, paraproct, body ventral pattern). Nymph: Malvinas/Falkland Islands, East Falkland/ Soledad, Malo River (ca. 51°40'S, 58°30'W) *S COSCARÓN, 06/12/1974]; NMNH.

Antarctoperlinae gen. sp. I MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:27, figs. 18-23 (nymph: habitus, mandible, maxilla, tarsus, tergal hair fringe, abdominal tip ventral). Five nymphs, CHILE: IX: Malleco; X: Osorno, Llanquihue.

Antarctoperlinae gen. sp. II MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:29, figs. 24-29 (nymph: habitus, pronotal lateral margin, hypopharynx, pilosity of abdominal tergite, abdominal tip lateral). Sixty-three nymphs, ARGENTINA: Neuquén; CHILE: IX: Malleco.

Antarctoperlinae gen. sp. III MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:31, figs. 30-35 (nymph: habitus, labial segment, left maxilla, pilosity of abdominal tergite, abdominal tip ventral). Three nymphs, CHILE: XII: Magallanes.

Antarctoperlinae gen. sp. IV MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:34, figs. 36-42 (nymph: habitus, fore body lateral, st5 with setation and chloride cells, fore body of penultimate and antepenultimate instars). Three nymphs, CHILE: VII: Linares.

Dinotoperlinae MCLELLAN

Dinotoperlinae MCLELLAN 1977:121.

Genus Alfonsoperla MCLELLAN & ZWICK

Alfonsoperla MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:22. Species typica, monotypy: Alfonsoperla flinti MCLELLAN & ZWICK. Type locality: CHILE: VIII (Biobío). * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:79.

Distribution: Chile.

flinti MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:22, figs.6-17, 71 (wings; ?: terminalia lateral, dorsal, oblique with everted penis; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, head and pronotum lateral, head frontal, hind tarsus, labium, maxilla, mandible, lacinia). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Arauco, San Alfonso above Caramávida *OS FLINT, G BARRÍA, 16-17/X/1969]; NMNH. Larventyp X (Teutoperla?) ILLIES 1963 belongs here.

Gripopteryginae ENDERLEIN

Gripopteryginae ENDERLEIN 1909b:392. * ILLIES 1963:151. Redefinition. * ILLIES 1966:29. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. Redefinition.

Andiperlinae AUBERT 1956a (partim): Andiperla, Andiperlodes. * ILLIES 1960d:165, fig. 4 (distribution map).

Paragripopteryginae ILLIES 1963:176, fig. 15 (distribution of 3 genera). Key to genera. * ZWICK 1973b:208. * MCLELLAN 1977:120. Included in Gripopteryginae.

Genus Andiperla AUBERT

Andiperla AUBERT 1956a:229. Species typica, monotypy: Andiperla willinki AUBERT. Type locality: ARGENTINA. In Andiperlinae. * ILLIES 1963:241, fig. 51 (distribution map). * ILLIES 1964a:45, fig. 5a (? terminalia lateral). In Paragripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:40. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:79.

Distribution: Southern South America.

willinki AUBERT 1956a:229, figs. 1-5 (?, habitus; ?, terminalia lateral, dorsal; ? terminalia ventral; nymph, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Santa Cruz, Glaciar Upsala ca. Lago Argentino, ca. 1000 m ÁA WILLINK, 18/III/1953]; Lausanne. Paratypes: 1?, 5?, 1 nymph. * ILLIES 1963:241, fig. 5a (maxilla). * ILLIES 1964a:38, fig. 1A (?, habitus), 46, fig. 5a (?, terminalia lateral). * ILLIES 1966:40. * LANFRANCO 1982:208, fig. 1 (distribution). ARGENTINA, CHILE, from ca. 48° to ca. 51°30'S * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:169. Holotype in Lausanne.

Genus Andiperlodes ILLIES

Andiperlodes ILLIES 1963:241, fig. 51 (distribution map). Species typica, monotypy: Andiperlodes holdgatei. In Andiperlinae. * ILLIES 1964a:47. ). In Paragripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:40. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:80.

Distribution: Chile.

holdgatei ILLIES 1963:243, fig.50c-e (?: maxilla, habitus, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Peninsula Muñoz Gamero (52°25'S) *MW HOLDGATE, 27/XII/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 9?. * ILLIES 1964a:38, fig. 1D (?, habitus), 46, fig 5e (?, terminalia lateral). * ILLIES 1966:41. * LANFRANCO 1982:208, fig. 1 (distribution).

tehuelche PESSACQ, 2009:51, figs.1-4 (male: terminalia dorsal and lateral; female: head and thorax, left maxilla, terminalia ventral, tergum 10). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Santa Cruz, Estancia La Angostura, nameless stream at side of state route 29, 48°37'44"S, 70°37'05"W, 580 m *J MUZÓN, 20/02/2009]; La Plata. Allotype, ?; paratypes, 10 nymphs.

Genus Aubertoperla ILLIES

Aubertoperla ILLIES 1963:187. Species typica, original designation: Gripopteryx illiesi FROEHLICH. Key to species. In Paragripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:41. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. Gripopteryginae. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:81.

Distribution: Southern South America.

illiesi ÁGripopteryx} (FROEHLICH 1960):11, fig. 6 (wings; ? terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: IX: Angol, Sierra de Nahelbuta ÁROSS & MICHELBACHER, 03/I/1951]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 3?. * ÁAubertoperla} ILLIES 1963:188, figs. 20-21a-c (nymph: habitus; terminalia ventral; maxilla and mandible. Wings. ?: terminalia ventral, lateral). CHILE, ARGENTINA, between 35° and 45°S. * WERNER 1965:230. ÁSouth to 41°S]. VII: Curicó; VIII: Ñuble, Arauco; IX: Malleco, Cautín; X: Osorno; XI: Aisén. * ILLIES 1966:41. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:40, fig. 67 (lacinia).

kuscheli ILLIES 1963:190, fig. 21d-h (apical half of forewing; ?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, lateral without cercus and paraproct). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XI: Aisén, Río Murta, at mouth into Lago Buenos Aires ÁKUSCHEL, 26/01/1956]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?, 2?, 2 nymphs. XI: Aisén; XII: Magallanes. * WERNER 1965:230. VIII: Arauco. * ILLIES 1966:41.

Genus Claudioperla ILLIES

Claudioperla ILLIES 1963:197. Species typica, monotypy: Gripopteryx tigrina KLAPÁLEK. In Paragripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:41. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. Gripopteryginae. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:82.

Distribution: Along the Andes from Colombia to Chile.

tigrina ÁGripopteryx} (KLAPÁLEK 1904):11, figs. 7-8 (wings, terminalia lateral, ventral and dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Callonga ÁLima, Callanga] ÁSTAUDINGER]; ? * ENDERLEIN 1909b (not KLAPÁLEK 1904, fide FROEHLICH 1960):415. Cusco. * ÁClaudioperla} ILLIES 1963:198, figs. 25, 26 (nymph: habitus, mandible and maxilla, terminalia ventral; wings). PERU: Puno, Lima; BOLIVIA, La Paz ; CHILE: II: Antofagasta. * WERNER 1965:230. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia (39°35'S). * ILLIES 1966:41. * TURCOTTE & HARPER 1982:413. ECUADOR: Azuay. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:39, figs. 55-57 (nymph: t8, pilosity, chloride cell).

enderleini ÁGripopteryx} FROEHLICH 1960:4, fig.1 (wings, ? terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: PERU: ÁPuno,] 60 km N Puno ÁROSS & MICHELBACHER, 28/II/1951]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 21?, 5?, Puno, Cusco. * ILLIES 1963:198. Synonym of C. tigrina

sp. ZÚÑIGA, DIAS, MARTÍNEZ, ZABALA & BACAA 2009:743. COLOMBIA: Nariño, Municipio de Cumbal, Rio Blanco, 3050 m, 00° 53' 47" N, 77° 48' 23" W, 15/02/2008, 10?, 15?, 12 nymphs.

Genus Falklandoperla MCLELLAN

Falklandoperla MCLELLAN 2001a:155. Species typica, monotypy: Falklandoperla kelper MCLELLAN. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:85.

Distribution: Falkland (Malvinas) Islands.

kelper MCLELLAN 2001a:156, figs 1-7 (?: habitus, hind tarsus, terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, terminalia ventral, mandible, maxilla).Holotype, ?: East Falkland, banks of first stream E of minefield 57 ÁRM ALLIBONE, WL CHADDERTON, RM MCDOWALL, 07/XI/1999]; London. Paratypes: 5?, 14 nymphs, East and West Falkland.

sp. A, Gripopteryginae, MCLELLAN WAIS & CABO 1990.

Genus Gripopteryx (PICTET)

Capnia (Gripopteryx) PICTET 1841:327. Species typica, by precedence: Capnia cancellata PICTET 1841. * ÁGripopteryx} KLAPÁLEK 1904:6. Comments; key to species * JEWETT 1960b:167. Key to species. * ILLIES 1963:152, fig. 2 (nymph: habitus dorsal, lateral; terminalia ventral; mandible, maxilla). Redefinition. Key to species. * ILLIES 1966:29. * FROEHLICH 1969:18. * ZWICK 1973b:199. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:85.

Gripoptera SÁMAL 1921:110. Species typica, monotypy: Gripoptera brasiliensis SÁMAL. * NAVÁS 1921:263. Translation of SÁMAL 1921 into Latin. * JEWETT 1959a:149. Synonym of Gripopteryx.

Distribution: Central and southern Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, northeastern Argentina.

brasiliensis ÁGripoptera} (SÁMAL 1921):110, figs. 2-5 (head, pronotum, terminalia dorsal and ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Blumenau ÁHETSCHKU]; KEMPNY, missing. * NAVÁS 1921:264. Translation of SAMAL 1921 into Latin. * ÁGripopteryx} JEWETT 1959a:149, figs. 1, 1A, 1 B (wings, ? terminalia ventral and lateral). Santa Catarina. JEWETT's male allotype is invalid. * JEWETT 1960b:168. Synonym of G. cancellata. * ILLIES 1963:155. Synonym of G. cancellata. * FROEHLICH 1969:18. Species propria. * ZWICK 1972a:1131. Possible synonyms of G. brasiliensis sensu JEWETT 1959a:G. zurbitui NAVÁS 1927, G. serrei NAVÁS 1930c and G. pardina NAVÁS 1936. * ZWICK 1973b:199.

zurbitui NAVÁS 1927:68. * ILLIES 1963:155. Synonym of Gripopteryx cancellata. * ZWICK 1972a:1131. Possible synonym of G. brasiliensis sensu JEWETT 1959a. * ZWICK 1973b:199.

cancellata ÁCapnia (Gripopteryx)} (PICTET 1841):328, pl. 41 (?: habitus, wings closed; habitus, wings expanded; head and pronotum; terminalia dorsal and ventral, paraproct). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL; Genève. * ÁGripopteryx} KLAPÁLEK 1904 (nec PICTET 1841, fide ENDERLEIN 1909c):8, figs. 4-5 (male terminalia lateral, dorsal). * ÁGripopteryx} JEWETT 1960b:168. Santa Catarina, Rio de Janeiro. * ILLIES 1963:155. * ILLIES 1966:29. * ZWICK 1972a:1129, fig. 1 (? holotype: terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal; paraproct). * ZWICK 1973b:199. * FROEHLICH 1990:236, figs. 1-8 (?: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal; nymph, ?: head and pronotum; thorax dorsal, abdomen lateral; terminalia oblique and dorsal; nymph, ?, terminalia ventral). Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo. * FROEHLICH 1993:21. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul.

coruja FROEHLICH 1993:25, figs. 3-9 (?: terminalia ventral, lateral; epiproct; ?: terminalia ventral; paraprocts; nymph: thorax and abdomen lateral; terminalia lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia ÁFROEHLICH, 11/XI/1990+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 4?, 4?, 5? + exuviae, 1? + exuviae, 54 nymphs, 4 final nymphal exuviae.

elisae ILLIES 1964c: 49, figs 1-2 (?, right forewing, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral. Nymph: habitus, mouthparts, contour of dorsum, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Bom Jesus (28°40'S, 50°23'W), 1100 m ÁE FITTKAU, 24/X/1961]; Illies. * ILLIES 1966:30. * FROEHLICH 1969:19.

flinti FROEHLICH 1993:36, figs. 32-34 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventrolateral; epiproct). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Nova Friburgo, Parque Municipal ÁOS FLINT, C FLINT, SA VANIN, 20/IV/1977+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1?, Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia; 2?, São Paulo, Caraguatatuba.

garbei NAVÁS 1936:731, fig. 19 (hindwing). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Serra de Macaé ÁGARBE, 29/X/1909+; São Paulo. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in São Paulo. * JEWETT 1960b:170. * ÁJewettoperla} ILLIES 1963 (nec NAVÁS 1936):185, fig 19 (wings; ? terminalia ventral). * ÁParagripopteryx} ILLIES 1966:45. * FROEHLICH 1969:19. * ÁGripopteryx} FROEHLICH 1990:240, figs. 15-20 (?, terminalia ventral, dorsolateral; epiproct; ?, terminalia oblique; nymph, ?, thorax and abdomen lateral terminalia lateral). Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo. * FROEHLICH 1993:22. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Santa Catarina. ILLIES's material from the Boracéia Biological Station, including the figure, belongs to Paragripopteryx blanda FROEHLICH.

juetah FROEHLICH 1990:242, figs. 21-33 (?: head and pronotum dorsal; terminalia ventral and lateral; epiproct; ?: terminalia ventrolateral, dorsal, paraproct; eggs; nymph, ?, thorax and abdomen lateral; terminalia lateral; nymph, ?, terminalia ventrolateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual, 1600 m ÁFROEHLICH, 15/X/1985+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 15?, 1? + exuviae, 13?, 62 nymphs, 9 last instar nymphal exuviae. São Paulo, Minas Gerais. ÁObs.: ILLIES 1963:154, fig. 2 belongs to this species.]

liana FROEHLICH 1993:31, figs. 17-25 (?: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal; epiproct; ?: terminalia ventral; paraprocts; nymph, ?: thorax and abdomen lateral, terminalia lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Santana do Riacho, Serra do Cipó, Chapéu de Sol, 1000 m *FROEHLICH, 08/X/1975]; São Paulo. Paratypes, 8?, 5?, 12 nymphs, 3 final nymphal exuviae.

maculosa JEWETT 1960b:171, figs. 2, 2A, 2B, 2C (wings; ? terminalia lateral and ventral; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis, Alto Mosella *D ALBUQUERQUE, III/1957]; Rio de Janeiro. Allotype, ?: Espírito Santo, Santa Teresa, Reserva do Museu ÁSANTOS, MACHADO, BARROS, III/1957]; Rio de Janeiro. Paratypes: 2?, Rio de Janeiro; 1?, 1?, Espírito Santo. * ILLIES 1963 (nec JEWETT 1960a):56, fig. 3 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: wings terminalia). São Paulo, Salesópolis. The material from Boraceia, including fig. 3, belongs to Gr. coruja FROEHLICH.* ILLIES 1966:30. * FROEHLICH 1969:19. * FROEHLICH 1993:24, fig. 2 (? holotype: terminalia lateral). * AVELINO-CAPISTRANO & COSTA 2009:69. Holotype and allotype in Rio de Janeiro.

pardina NAVÁS 1936:730, fig. 18 (forewing, detail of hindwing). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia; São Paulo. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in São Paulo. * JEWETT 1960b:171. * ILLIES 1963:155. Synonym of Gripopteryx cancellata. * ILLIES 1966:460. Species inquirenda. * FROEHLICH 1969:19. Species propria. * ZWICK 1972a:1131. Possible synonym of G. brasiliensis sensu JEWETT 1959a. * FROEHLICH 1993:23, fig. 1 (? holotype: terminalia ventral).

pilosa FROEHLICH 1990:245, figs. 34-43 (?: head and pronotum; terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal; epiproct; ?, terminalia dorsal, oblique; nymph, ?, thorax and abdomen lateral; terminalia lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Sapucaí-Mirim ÁOLIVEIRA, 06/IX/1986+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1?, 6?, 2? + exuviae; 31 nymphs, 9 last instar nymphal exuviae. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo.

pinima FROEHLICH 1993:29, figs. 10-16 ((?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; epiproct; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph, ?: thorax and abdomen lateral; terminalia lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia, 850 m ÁFROEHLICH, 11/XI/1988+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 9?, 2? + exuviae, 6?, 45 nymphs, 1 final nymphal exuviae. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:40, fig. 69 (lacinia).

reticulata BRAUER 1866:51. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Vienna. * JEWETT,1960b:171, figs. 3, 3A, 3B, 3C (wings; ? terminalia lateral and ventral; ? terminalia ventral). Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo. The ? allotype is invalid. * ILLIES 1963: 57. * ILLIES 1966:30. * FROEHLICH 1969:18. * FROEHLICH 1990:238 figs. 9-14 (?, terminalia oblique; nymph, ?: head and pronotum; terminalia dorsal and oblique; nymph, ?: dorsal thorax and abdomen, lateral, terminalia, lateral). Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo. * FROEHLICH 1993:22. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo.

brasiliensis ÁGripoptera} SÁMAL 1921:110. *ILLIES 1963:157. Synonym of Gripopteryx reticulata. * FROEHLICH 1969:18. Species propria.

zikanina ÁKlapopteryx} (NAVÁS 1932a):62, fig. 7 (forewing, part of hindwing). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Barão Homem de Mello (ZIKAN, 01/03/1927); Berlin.* AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Berlin. * ILLIES 1963:157. Synonym of Gripopteryx reticulata.

serrei NAVÁS 1930c:14, fig. 40 (hindwing).Holotype, ?: URUGUAY: Florida, Cerro Colorado ÁP SERRE, 1911]; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Paris. * ILLIES 1963:155. Synonym of Gripopteryx cancellata. * ZWICK 1972a:1131. Possible synonym of G. reticulata sensu JEWETT 1959a. * ZWICK 1984:148, figs. 1-3 (? holotype: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal). Species propria.

serrensis FROEHLICH 1993:34, figs. 26-31 (?: subgenital plate; t10, paraprocts; ?: terminalia ventral; ? nymphal exuviae: nota, wing pads, abdomen lateral; ? nymphal exuviae: contour of abdomen, lateral). Holotype, ? + exuviae: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Santo Antonio da Patrulha ÁWILLAND & FIORENTIN, 30/IX/1989+; São Paulo. Paratype, ? + exuviae.

zurbitui NAVÁS 1927:68. Holotype, ?: PARAGUAY: ÁItapúa], Hohenau. ÁSTAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS]; Navás, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type not located. * ILLIES 1963:155. Synonym of Gripopteryx cancellata. * ZWICK 1972a:1131. Possible synonym of G. brasiliensis sensu JEWETT.

sp. Gripopteryx? KLAPÁLEK 1904:3, fig. 1 (nymph, ?, terminalia ventral). Nymph: Falkland Islands, Port Stanley, freshwater pool ÁMICHAELSEN, 16/VII/1893].

sp. KLAPÁLEK 1904:4. Nymph, ?: ÁARGENTINA]: Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, lagoon at mouth of Río Grande (often brackish?) *MICHAELSEN, 9/XII/1892].

sp. JEWETT 1959a:150. One ?, 1?. BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia ÁPLAUMANN]; Jewett. * JEWETT 1960b:196. Described as Gripopteryx crassila.

Gripopterygidae nymph, group A: Gripopteryx. FIORENTIN & CORSEUIL 1994:32, fig. 1 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

Gripopterygidae nymph, group B: Gripopteryx. FIORENTIN & CORSEUIL 1994:33, fig. 2 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

Genus Guaranyperla FROEHLICH

Guaranyperla FROEHLICH 2001:377. Species typical, original designation: Guaranyperla guapiara FROEHLICH. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:87.

Distribution: Southeastern Brazil.

beckeri FROEHLICH 2001:380, figs. 7-10 (male, head and pronotum, male terminalia dorsal, ventral and lateral). Holotype, ?: Minas Gerais, Poços de Caldas, Morro do Ferro ÁJ BECKER, 20/X/1963+; São Paulo.

guapiara FROEHLICH 2001:378, figs. 1-6 (female, head and pronotum, terminalia; nymph, habitus dorsal and details). Holotype, ?: adult and nymphal exuviae: São Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Rio das Mortes, 540 m ÁFROEHLICH & DE RIBEIRO, 6/VIII/1997}; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1?, 2? + exuviae; 7 nymphs.

nitens FROEHLICH 2001:381, Figs. 11-12 (female, head and pronotum, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, State Park *CG FROEHLICH, 30/X/1986+; São Paulo.

spec. A FROEHLICH 2001:381, fig. 13 (nymph, habitus). São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, State Park , 2 nymphs: ÁSA VANIN, 18/V/1993+; São Paulo. Putative nymph of Gu. nitens.

spp., nymphs FROEHLICH 2001:383. São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo.

Genus Limnoperla ILLIES

Limnoperla ILLIES 1963:199. Species typica, monotypy: Gripopteryx jaffueli NAVÁS. In Paragripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:44. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. In Gripopteryginae. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:87.

Distribution: Southern South America.

jaffueli ÁGripopteryx} (NAVÁS 1928):119, fig. 20 (hindwing). Holotype: CHILE: ÁV]: Marga-Marga, Los Perales ÁJAFFUEL & PIRIÓN, X/1926]; DEI, lost. * ÁLimnoperla} ILLIES 1963:201, figs 27-30 (nymph: habitus; mandible and maxilla; terminalia ventral. Wings. ?: variation in wing length; variation in shape of paraproct and epiproct; terminalia lateral and oblique. ?: subgenital plate). Neotype, ?: CHILE: IX: Cautín, Cunco Áprobably FAZ, 02/01/1930]; DEI. CHILE, ARGENTINA, between 32° and 53°15'S. * WERNER 1965:230, From Coquimbo ÁIX] to Magallanes ÁXII]. * ILLIES 1966:44. * ZWICK 1972b:99. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; X: Llanquihue, Chiloé. * PETERSEN & GAEDIKE 1968:966. Holotype lost. * JOOST 1976:205. V: Valparaiso; M: Santiago; VII: Cauquenes, Linares; VIII: Arauco; XI: Aisén. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:38, 40, figs. 54, 64, 65, 68 (nymph: fore body, dorsal; hind femur; labium, lacinia).

pirioni ÁGripopteryx} (NAVÁS 1930b):354. Holotype: ÁCHILE: V] Marga Marga ÁP PIRIÓN, VIII/1927]; Navás, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type not located. * ILLIES 1963:201. Synonym of Limnoperla jaffueli.

venulata ÁGrypopteryx (sic)} (NAVÁS 1933):232, fig. 49 (forewing). Holotype, ?: CHILE: IX: Angol ÁBULLOCK, 14/08/1931]. * AUBERT 1957:58. Holotype in Barcelona. * FROEHLICH 1960:6, fig. 2 (wings; ? terminalia lateral, ventral and dorsal; ? terminalia ventral. Neotype ? designated: CHILE: IX: Angol ÁROSS & MICHELBACHER, 31/XII/1950]; CAS. Additional material: ?, ?, VIII: Biobío, Ñuble, Cautín; IX: Malleco; XIV: Valdivia; X: Llanquihue, Osorno. * ILLIES 1963:201. Synonym of Limnoperla jaffueli.

Genus Neopentura ILLIES

Neopentura ILLIES 1965:154. Species typica, monotypy: Neopentura semifusca ILLIES. In Austroperlidae. * ILLIES 1966:14. * ILLIES 1969:21. In Gripopterygidae. * ZWICK 1973b:201. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:89.

Distribution: Southern Argentina and Chile.

semifusca ILLIES 1965:156, fig. 3 (wings, head and pronotum, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Neuquén, Hua-Hum (=Río Guahum, 40°05'S, 71°42'W, VERA 2006b) ÁHayward, XII/1946]; Lausanne. * ILLIES 1966:14. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:168. Holotype in Lausanne. * VERA 2006b:70, figs. 1-10 (?: wings, terminalia lateral, dorsal and ventral, cercus and paraproct; ?: st8-9; nymph: habitus lateral and dorsal, detail of margin of st8, mandibles, maxilla, labium). CHILE: Regiones IX (La Araucanía) to XI (Aisén). ARGENTINA: Río Negro.

Antarctoperlinae (Araucanioperla?) larval type A ILLIES 1963:235. * Araucanioperla sp.? WAIS 1983:100. Nymph of N. semifusca fide VERA 2006b.

Genus Paragripopteryx ENDERLEIN

Paragripopteryx ENDERLEIN 1909b:416. Species typica, monotypy: Gripopteryx cancellata; KLAPÁLEK 1904 (nec PICTET 1841), renamed Paragripopteryx klapaleki. * ILLIES 1963 (nec ENDERLEIN 1909b):178 * ILLIES 1966:44. * FROEHLICH 1969:19. * ZWICK 1973b:210. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:91.

Gripopteryx; JEWETT 1960b (partim):167.

Jewettoperla ILLIES 1963:184. Species typica,original designation: Gripopteryx crassila JEWETT 1960b. In Paragripopteryginae. * FROEHLICH 1969:19. Synonym of Paragripopteryx.

Distribution: Uruguay, NE Argentina, S and SE Brazil.

anga FROEHLICH 1969:23, figs. 11-18, 35 (?: terminalia dorsal, lateral, ventral; ?: wings, terminalia ventral; nymph: mouth parts, t10). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, *Santo André+, Estação Biológica de Paranapiacaba *CG FROEHLICH, 27/III/1964+; São Paulo. Paratypes: ?, ?, nymphs. * ILLIES 1966:45 (nomem nudum). * FROEHLICH 1994:228.

baratinii BENEDETTO 1983:19, figs.1-7 (?: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal, posterior; epiproct; ?: terminalia ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: URUGUAY: Lavalleja, Aguas Blancas Á28/X/1956]; Montevideo. Paratypes: 4?, 1?.

blanda FROEHLICH 1969:26, figs. 19-25 (?: wings, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral, paraproct; nymph: terminalia dorsal, lacinia and galea). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, *Santo André+, Estação Biológica de Paranapiacaba. ÁCG FROEHLICH, 17/IX/1963+; São Paulo. Paratypes: ?, ?, nymphs. * ILLIES 1966:45 (nomem nudum). * FROEHLICH 1994:228.

garbei ÁJewettoperla} ILLIES 1963 (nec NAVÁS 1936):185, fig. 19 (?: wings, terminalia ventral). BRAZIL: São Paulo. Vide supra remark in Gr. garbei.

crassila ÁGripopteryx} (JEWETT 1960b):169, figs. 1, 1A, 1B (?: wings; terminalia lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia ÁPLAUMANN, X/1956]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotye but XI/1956. * ÁJewettoperla} ILLIES 1963:185. * ÁParagripopteryx} ILLIES 1966:45. * FROEHLICH 1969:19.

sp. ÁGripopteryx} JEWETT 1959a:150. ?, ?.

delicata FROEHLICH 1994:229, figs. 1-5 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual, 1600 m *CG FROEHLICH, 26/XI/1986+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 10?, 30?, 1? + exuviae.

egena FROEHLICH 1994:237, figs; 26-30 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral, additional subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual (Fazenda) Intervales ÁCG FROEHLICH, CM POLEGATTO, 18/XI/1992+. São Paulo. Paratypes: 3?, 6?.

guardae FROEHLICH 1994:231, figs 6-11 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral; Nymph: ? and ? paraprocts, femoral bristles). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual *CG FROEHLICH, 17/X/1985+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 5?, 2? + exuviae, 10?, 23 nymphs.

hamata FROEHLICH 1994:234, figs. 18-21 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). Paratype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia, 850 m ÁCG FROEHLICH, MJN FERREIRA, LG OLIVEIRA, 12/XI/1990]; São Paulo. Paratypes: 4?, 5?.

klapaleki ENDERLEIN 1909b:416. Holotype, ?: Gripopteryx cancellata, KLAPÁLEK 1904 (nec PICTET 1841). * ÁGripopteryx} JEWETT, 1960b:170. * ILLIES 1963:179. Synonym of Paragripopteryx gracilis; ILLIES. *ÁParagripopteryx} ILLIES 1966:46. * FROEHLICH 1969:19, figs. 1-10 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, epiproct. ?: terminalia ventral. Nymph: terminalia dorsal, femur, tarsus, claviform hairs, lacinia and galea, habitus). ?, ?, nymphs. São Paulo. Species propria. * ZWICK 1973a:476. * FROEHLICH 1994:228.

cancellata ÁGripopteryx} KLAPÁLEK 1904 (nec PICTET 1841):8, figs. 3-5 (wings, terminalia lateral and dorsal). ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis; Helsinki, lost. * ENDERLEIN 1909b:416. Paragripopteryx klapaleki.

merui FROEHLICH 1994:232, figs. 13-17 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; epiproct; nymphal exuviae of holotype: paraprocts). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual ÁCG FROEHLICH , MJN FERREIRA & LG OLIVEIRA, 20/XI/1987+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1?, 1? + exuviae.

munoai ÁJewettoperla} (BENEDETTO 1969):145, figs. 1- 13 (?: habitus lateral, terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral, posterior; ?: habitus lateral, terminalia ventral, lateral, posterior; nymph, ? terminalia ventral, ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: URUGUAY: Maldonado, Cerro de las Animas ÁZOLESSI & al., 27/VII/1967]; Montevideo. Allotype, ?: same data as as holotype. Paratypes: 22, ?, ?, nymphs. * BENEDETTO 1970:386, figs. 2-5 (nymph, habitus; adult, emergence, copulation; egg). * ÁParagripopteryx} ZWICK 1973b:210.

Gripopterygidae nymph, group D: Paragripopteryx. FIORENTIN & CORSEUIL 1994:34, fig. 4 (foreleg). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

Genus Potamoperla ILLIES

Potamoperla ILLIES 1963:182. Species typica, monotypy: Perla myrmidon MABILLE. In Paragripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:46. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. Gripopteryginae. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:92.

Distribution: South America: Andean, from Peru southwards.

myrmidon ÁPerla} (MABILLE 1888):6, pl. 1, fig.3 (habitus). Holotype: ÁCHILE: XII], Cape Horn ÁHYADES]; Paris, missing. * ÁGripopteryx} KLAPÁLEK 1904:10. * ÁPotamoperla} ILLIES 1963:182, figs. 17-18 (nymph: Habitus; cercus; terminalia ventral; mandible and maxilla. Wings. ?: t10; terminalia oblique). CHILE, ARGENTINA, south of 30°S. * ILLIES 1964a:46, fig.5b (? terminalia lateral). * WERNER 1965:230. CHILE: VII: Curicó, XI: Aisén. * ILLIES 1966:46. * ZWICK 1972b:99. CHILE: X: Chiloé. * ZWICK 1973a:476. * JOOST 1976:205.

michelbacheri ÁGripopteryx} FROEHLICH 1960:10, fig 5 (wings; ? terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, 30 km S Valdivia ÁROSS & MICHELBACHER, 28/XII/1950]; CAS. * ILLIES 1963:182. Synonym of Potamoperla myrmidon.

oncina ÁGripopteryx} FROEHLICH 1960:9, fig. 4 (wings; ? terminalia lateral, dorsal and ventral; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Biobío, Tucapel ÁROSS & MICHELBACHER, 28/XII/1950]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 5?. * ILLIES 1963:182. Synonym of Potamoperla myrmidon.

tigrina var. hyalinipennis ÁGripopteryx} (ENDERLEIN 1909b):415. Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, 3500 m ÁGARLEPP]; Warsaw. * ILLIES 1963:198. Synonym of Claudioperla tigrina. * ILLIES 1966:42. * ZWICK 1973a:476. Synonym of Potamoperla myrmidon.

Genus Rhithroperla ILLIES

Rhithroperla ILLIES 1963:205. Species typica, original designation: Gripopteryx rossi FROEHLICH. Key to species. In Paragripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:46. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. Gripopteryginae. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:94.

Distribution: Southern South America.

penai ILLIES 1963:207, fig. 31d (?: terminalia lateral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Chiloé, Isla Chiloé, Dalcahue (42°22'S) *PEÑA, 20/II/1957]; Illies. * ILLIES 1966:46.

rossi ÁGripopteryx} FROEHLICH 1960:8, fig. 3 (wings; ? terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, 13 km E Río Bueno *ROSS & MICHELBACHER, 15/I/1951]; CAS. Allotype, ?: X: Osorno, 10 km E of Puyehue. Paratypes: 2?, 4?. XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno. * ÁRhithroperla} ILLIES 1963:205, fig 31a-c (wings; ? terminalia lateral; ? terminalia ventral). CHILE, south of 40°S. * WERNER 1965:231. VII: Curicó; XII: Magallanes. * ILLIES 1966:47. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:38-40, figs. 53, 58-59, 61-62 (nymph, fore body, dorsal; t8, pilosity, chloride cell; head, hind femur). * (cf. rossi) WAIS & BONETTO 1988:1457. ARGENTINA: Río Negro. * (aff. rossi) WAIS 1990:837. Neuquén. * MISERENDINO & PIZZOLÓN 2000:64. Chubut.

Genus Teutoperla ILLIES

Teutoperla ILLIES 1963:191. Species typica, original designation: Teutoperla rothi ILLIES. Key to species. In Paragripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:47. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. In Gripopteryginae. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:96.

Distribution: Chile.

auberti ILLIES 1965:151, fig. 1 (?, terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?, terminalia ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Ñuble, Las Cabras, SW slope of Volcán Chillán (ca. 37°S), 1400 m ÁPEÑA, 10-23/XII/1954]; Lausanne. Paratypes: ca. 30 ?, ?. * ILLIES 1966:47. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:168. Holotype on Lausanne. * (cf. auberti) WAIS & BONETTO 1988:1457. ARGENTINA: Río Negro.

brundini ILLIES 1963:194, fig. 23 (?: terminalia dorsal and lateral, detail second specimen; ?: terminalia ventral). CHILE: X: Llanquihue, stream by Peulla, 41°05'S *BRUNDIN, 15/I/1959]; Illies. Paratypes: 1?, 2?, X: Chiloé. * WERNER 1965:230. X: Osorno. * ILLIES 1966:47. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:39-40, figs. 60, 63 (nymph: t8, pilosity; hind femora).

maulina VERA 2006c:31, figs. 1-19 (wings; ?: head and pronotum, terminalia lateral, dorsal and ventral, details of epiproct and penis; ?: pronotum, terminalia ventral and lateral, paraproct, ovarioles; egg and details; nymph: habitus, mandibles, maxilla, labium, paraproct, detail of t8; adult phenology histogram). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VII (Maule): afluente del Río Curanilahue, Arroyo los Treguilles, sector Los Ruiles, 35°49'S 72°38'W. *A VERA, 31/X/2004]; Santiago. Paratypes: 8?, 9?.

rothi ILLIES 1963:192, fig. 22 (wings; ?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, stream by Punucapa ÁILLIES, 23/II/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 5?, 9?; 37°-42°S. * ILLIES 1966:47.

Teutoperla? Larventyp X ILLIES 1963:195, fig. 24 (habitus, mandible and maxilla; terminalia ventral). CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, 39°35'S, ca. 600 m.; X: Llanquihue, 41°05'S, ca. 600 m. * VERA 2006c:30. Larventyp X does not belong to Teutoperla. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:27. Larventyp X is Alfonsoperla flinti.

Genus Tupiperla FROEHLICH

Tupiperla; ILLIES 1966:47 (Nomen nudum). In Paragripopteryginae. * FROEHLICH 1969:28. Species typica, monotypy: Semblis gracilis BURMEISTER. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. In Gripopteryginae. * FROEHLICH 1998:34. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:96.

Paragripopteryx; ILLIES 1963 (nec ENDERLEIN 1909b):178. Fide FROEHLICH 1969.

Distribution: From highlands of central and eastern Brazil, ca. 14°S, to Uruguay, NE Argentina and S Paraguay.

eleonorae ÁParagripopteryx}(FROEHLICH 1988):236, figs. 22-25 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Iporanga, Caverna Areias de Baixo ÁHOMEM & MORACCHIOLI, 21/IX/1991+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1?, 1?. * ÁTupiperla} FROEHLICH 1998:23, figs. 8-12 (?, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?, terminalia ventro-lateral, ventral). São Paulo.

flinti FROEHLICH 2002a:38, figs. 1-4 (?: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: terminalia ventrolateral). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Misiones, Arroyo Coati, 15 km E of San José *OS FLINT, 18-19/XI/1973]; NMNH. Paratypes: 19?, 21?, Misiones; PARAGUAY: Paraguarí.

gracilis ÁSemblis} (BURMEISTER 1839):876. Holotype, ? (not ?): BRAZIL; Halle. * ÁCapnia (Gripopteryx)} PICTET 1841:330, pl. 42, figs 1-3 (habitus, tarsus). * ÁGripopteryx} KLAPÁLEK 1904:10. * JEWETT 1960b:170. * ÁParagripopteryx} ILLIES 1963 (in part): 179, fig. 16 (b, t10; f, left paraproct). São Paulo. * ÁTupiperla} ILLIES 1966:48 (nomen nudum). * FROEHLICH 1969:29, figs. 26-34 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral lateral; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, mouth parts, femur, tarsus). São Paulo. The nymph does not belong to T. gracilis, fide FROEHLICH 1998. * ZWICK 1972a:1131. * FROEHLICH 1998:20, figs. 1-3 (? holotype: terminalia lateral, dorsal; ?, terminalia ventro-lateral). Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo.

illiesi FROEHLICH 1998:24, figs. 13-15 (?, terminalia ventro-lateral, ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Salesópolis. Estação Biológica de Boracéia *CG & O FROEHLICH, 12/IX/1988+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 48?, 42?.

gracilis ÁParagripopteryx} ILLIES 1963 (partim):179, fig. 16 (?: t10 Ác, d], terminalia lateral, paraprocts Á f, center and right]; ?: terminalia ventral). * FROEHLICH 1969, figs. 26-28 (? terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral).

jumirim BISPO & FROEHLICH 2007:216, figs. 1-5 (?: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: terminalia ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Goiás, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Alto Paraíso, Pouso Alto-Cruzeiro (13°56'37"S; 47°29'41"W) *PC BISPO, E YOKOYAMA, GP PACIÊNCIA, 18.XII.2006]. Paratypes: 3?, 42?.

misionera FROEHLICH 2002a:38, figs. 5-7 (?, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Misiones, Arroyo Coati, 15 km E of San José *OS FLINT, 18-19/XI/1973]; NMNH.

modesta FROEHLICH 1998:26, figs. 16-19 (?, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?, terminalia ventro-lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual *CG FROEHLICH, 26/XI/1986+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 14?, 12?.

neofriburgensis ÁGripopteryx} (NAVÁS 1916a):27, fig. 8 (wings, terminalia dorsal and lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Nueva ÁNova] Friburgo ÁH RAMOS, XII/1911+; Navás. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type not located. * JEWETT 1959a:149. Santa Catarina. JEWETT's female allotype is invalid. * JEWETT 1960b:172. Synonym of Gripopteryx tessellata.

oliveirai FROEHLICH 1998:26, figs. 20-24 (?: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; detail paraprocts; ?, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Goiás, Pirenópolis, Córrego Inferno *LG OLIVEIRA, 13/I/1994+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 27?, 21?.

reichardti FROEHLICH 1998:27, figs. 25-28 (?, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?, terminalia ventral, ventro-lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual ÁCG FROEHLICH, M GIMENES, 22/XII/1986+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 7?, 8?. São Paulo, Serra do Japi; Minas Gerais, Poços de Caldas.

robusta FROEHLICH 1998:29, figs. 30 (?, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?, terminalia ventral, ventro-lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual *CG FROEHLICH, AC RIBEIRO-FERREIRA, 22/IV/1987]; São Paulo. Paratypes: 22?, 6?. São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro.

sulina FROEHLICH 1998:29, figs. 35-39 (?: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: terminalia ventro-lateral; st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Reserva Spitzkopf ÁCG FROEHLICH, SA VANIN, 4/XII/1975+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 8?, 20?.

tessellata ÁGripopteryx} BRAUER 1866:51. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Vienna. * (tesselata) KLAPÁLEK 1904:9, fig. 6 (wings). BRAZIL: ÁRio de Janeiro]. * JEWETT 1960b:172, fig. 4 (hind femur). Rio de Janeiro. * ILLIES 1963:179. Synonym of Paragripopteryx gracilis. * ,Tupiperla} ILLIES 1966:48. Synonym of Tupiperla gracilis. * FROEHLICH 1998:21, figs. 4-7 (?, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, São Paulo. Species propria. * FROEHLICH 2008:126, fig. 1 (holotype, subgenital plate).

neofriburgensis ÁGripopteryx} (NAVÁS 1916a):27. * JEWETT 1960b:172. Synonym of Gripopteryx tessellata.

umbya FROEHLICH 1998:31, figs. 40-44 (?, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?, terminalia ventro-lateral, ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales ÁCG FROEHLICH, CM POLEGATTO, 20/XI/1992+; São Paulo. Paratypes, 1?, 3?.

sp. A FROEHLICH 1998:32, fig. 45 (?, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Ilhota, Morro do Baú, 1?.

sp. B FROEHLICH 1998:33, fig. 46 (?, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Ilhota, Morro do Baú, 3?; Blumenau, Spitzkopf, 2?.

sp. C FROEHLICH 1998:33, fig. 47 (?, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Ilhota, Morro do Baú, 1?.

sp. D FROEHLICH 1998:33, fig. 48 (?, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: São Paulo, Santo André, Estação Biológica de Paranapiacaba, 2?, (as T. gracilis, FROEHLICH 1969).

sp. E FROEHLICH 1998:33, fig. 49 (?, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, 1?.

sp. F FROEHLICH 1998:34, fig. 50 (?, terminalia ventro-lateral). BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Poços de Caldas, 2?.

Gripopterygidae nymph, group C: Tupiperla. FIORENTIN & CORSEUIL 1994:34, fig. 3 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

Genus Uncicauda MCLELLAN & ZWICK

Uncicauda MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:22. Species typica, monotypy, Uncicauda pirata MCLELLAN & ZWICK. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:98.

Distribution: Chile.

pirata MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:22, figs. 1-5 (wings; ?: terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: IX: Malleco, Nahuelbuta, Los Gringos, 37°48'S, 73°01'W, *CM FLINT, OS FLINT, 15-17/XII/1993], NMNH. Paratypes: 2?, 2?, IX: Malleco; 2?, Cautín.

testacea ÁPotamoperla}VERA 2006d:169, figs. 1-10 (male: head and pronotum, wings, terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; female: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, labrum, mandible, maxilla, labium, paraproct). Holotype, male: CHILE: IX: Curacautín, Manzanar *A. VERA, 22/XI/2004]; Santiago. Allotype, ?: IX: Malleco, Termas de Tolhuaca ÁM GUERRERO, 5/II/2001]. Paratypes: 5 ?, 7 ?, VII (Maule), IX (La Araucanía), XI (Aisén). ÁUncicauda} STARK, FROEHLICH & ZÚÑIGA 2009:98. N. comb.

Gripopteryginae species A MCLELLAN, WAIS, CABO 1990:177, figs. 1-5 (habitus, maxilla, mandible, terminalia ventral, paraproct). Nymph: Malvinas/Falkland Islands, East Falkland, Soledad, Malo River (ca. 51°40'S, 8°30'W) *S COSCARÓN, 06/XII/1974]; NMNH. * MCLELLAN 2001a: Belongs to Falklandoperla kelper.

Leptoperlinae BANKS

Leptoperlini BANKS 1913:202.

Senzillidae NAVÁS 1917:191.

Abranchioperlidae ILLIES 1958:227. * ILLIES 1960a:413.

Leptoperlinae; ILLIES 1963:161. Senzillidae, Abranchioperlidae, synonyms of Leptoperlinae. * ILLIES 1966:33. * MCLELLAN 1977:121.

Genus Notoperla

Notoperla ENDERLEIN 1909b: 393, 416. Species typica, monotypy: Antarctoperla fuegiana ENDERLEIN 1905. * ENDERLEIN 1912:123. * ILLIES 1963:163, fig. 9 (distribution map). Redefined. Senzilla, Abranchioperla synonyms of Notoperla. * ILLIES 1966:38. * MCLELLAN, MERCADO & ELLIOTT 2005:33. Comments. * MCLELLAN, MISERENDINO & HOLMANN 2006:53, fig. 31 (Distribution map). Comments. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:90.

Senzilla NAVÁS 1917:192. Species typica, monotypy: Senzilla tunelina.

Abranchioperla ILLIES 1958:223. Species typica, monotypy: Abranchioperla archiplatae.

Distribution: Southern South America.

archiplatae ÁAbranchioperla} (ILLIES 1958):223, figs. 1-3(Nymph: habitus; abdomen ventral; head and pronotum; mouthparts; tibia and tarsus of foreleg). Holotype, nymph: CHILE: M: Santiago, Río Volcán, Lo Valdés, 1900-2000 m, 33°45'S, 70°W *ILLIES, 07 and 25/III/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 35 nymphs. Additional material: (?) 2?, XI: Aisén; 4 nymphs; XII: Magallanes. * ILLIES 1960a (nec ILLIES 1958):417, figs 1, 3-5 (nymph: habitus, thorax and abdomen ventral, ?, ? terminalia; adult ?: wings, pronotum, coxa, trochanter, terminalia ventral; distribution map). CHILE: M: Santiago; VI: Colchagua; XI: Aisén; XII: Magallanes. ARGENTINA: Río Negro, Tierra del Fuego. * ÁNotoperla} ILLIES 1963:170, fig. 11 (? "holotype": forewing; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, detail). Male holotype invalid. * ILLIES 1966:38. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:36, figs. 48-49 (nymph, coxal projection, fore body). CHILE: M.

bovei NAVÁS 1930b:354, fig. 68 (forewing). Holotype, ?: ÁARGENTINA]: Uscinuaja, T. de Fuoco (sic) ÁTierra del Fuego, Ushuaia] ÁBOVE, II/1884]; Genova. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Genova. * ILLIES 1963:167. Synonym of Notoperla fuegiana.

conspicua FROEHLICH 1960:19, fig. 12. (?: terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: wings; terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Tierra Mayor ÁWYGODZINSKY, 25/I/1960]; La Plata. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 6?, 2?. * ILLIES 1963:167. Synonym of Notoperla fuegiana. * ILLIES 1966:38. * ZWICK 1973a:476. Very probably species propria.

fasciata MCLELLAN 2006. In: MCLELLAN, MISERENDINO & HOLLMANN 2006:55, figs. 1-11 (front coxal projection, hind leg; ?: genitalia dorsal and lateral; ?: pronotum, forewing, genitalia ventral; nymph: head dorsal, procoxal projection, male t10 lateral and dorsal). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Chubut, La Hoya Stream, 42°50'28"S, 71°15'55"W, 1200 m ÁME HOLLMANN, 18/XII/2004+; Tucumán. Paratypes: 5?, 4?, 11 nymphs.

fuegiana ÁAntarctoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1905):813, fig. 4 (wings). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, wood. ÁIII/1902]; Stockholm. * ÁNotoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909b:416. * ENDERLEIN 1912:123, fig. 31; Tab. 4, fig. 42 (wings). * FROEHLICH 1960:19, fig. 11 (? terminalia ventral and dorsal). * ILLIES 1963:167, figs. 7b, 8 (?, brachypterous, habitus; nymph: habitus; mouthparts). * ILLIES 1966:38. * ZWICK 1973a:476. It is highly unlikely that N. conspicua FROEHLICH is identical with N. fuegiana.

archiplatae; ILLIES 1960a (nec ILLIES 1958). Synonym of N. fuegiana.

bovei NAVÁS 1930b:354. * ILLIES 1963:167. Synonym of Notoperla fuegiana.

macdowalli MCLELLAN & MERCADO 2005. In: MCLELLAN, MERCADO & ELLIOTT 2005:35, figs. 1-6 (base of front leg, base of antenna, male genitalia dorsal and lateral, nymph habitus). Fig. 7 (locality map). Holotype, ?: CHILE: M: Estero La Leonera, Santuario Nacional Yerba Loca, 1812 m, 33°18'40"S, 70°19'15"W *S ELLIOTT, X/2003]; Santiago. Paratypes: Nymphs: 1?, 7?.

magnaspina MCLELLAN 2006. In: MCLELLAN, MISERENDINO & HOLLMANN 2006:59, figs. 12-20 (front coxal projection, foreleg; ?: genitalia dorsal and lateral; ?: genitalia ventral; nymph: front coxal projection, head dorsal, t10 dorsal and lateral). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Chubut, La Hoya Stream, 42°50'28"S, 71°15'75"W, 1200 m ÁME HOLLMANN, 25/I/2005+; Tucumán. Paratypes: 2?, 1?, 1 nymph. Additional material: Neuquén, Río Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz.

tunelina ÁSenzilla} (NAVÁS 1917):192, fig. 3 (wings). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Santa Cruz, Valle Túnel, *Lago Viedma, 49°30'S+ *WITTE]; La Plata. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata). * ÁNotoperla} ILLIES 1963:168, figs 7a, 10 (?: habitus; terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, detail. ?, wings). CHILE: XI: Aisén; XII: Magallanes. * ILLIES 1966:39. * MCLELLAN, MISERENDINO & HOLLMANN 2006:59. CHILE: XI: Aisén; XII: Magallanes. * MCLELLAN & ZWICK 2007:40, fig. 66 (lacinia).

archiplatae ÁAbranchioperla}; ILLIES 1960a (nec ILLIES 1958):417. * ILLIES. 1963:168. Synonym of Notoperla tunelina.

werneri NAVÁS 1934b:162. * ILLIES. 1963:168. Synonym of Notoperla tunelina.

werneri NAVÁS 1934b:162, fig. 38 (forewing). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Ultima Esperanza, 500 m ÁW GROMSCH, 02/1931+; Navás. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Zaragoza. * ILLIES. 1963:168. Synonym of Notoperla tunelina.

Genus Senzilloides

Senzilloides ILLIES 1963:171. Species typica, monotypy: Gripopteryx panguipullii NAVÁS. * ILLIES 1966:39. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:94

Distribution: Southern South America.

panguipullii ÁGripopteryx} (NAVÁS 1928):121, fig. 21 (forewing, apex of hindwing). Syntypes: ?, ?: CHILE: XIV: ÁValdivia,] Panguipulli ÁFAZ, 18/X/1924]; DEI. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type in Berlin. * ÁSenzilloides} ILLIES 1963:174, figs. 12-14 (nymph: habitus; terminalia lateral, ventral; mandible and maxilla; wings, variation in forewing tips; ?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). ARGENTINA, CHILE, south of 36°S. * WERNER 1965:230. CHILE: VII: Curicó. ÁSouth of 35°S]. * ILLIES 1966:39. * JOOST 1976:205. CHILE: Cordillera. ÁSouth of 33°S].

sp. FARÍAS & WAIS 1986:5, figs. 1-8 (Nymph: head and thorax, head, forefemur, terminalia dorsal; ?, terminalia lateral, ?, terminalia lateral). Fourteen nymphs: ARGENTINA: Neuquén, Parque Nacional Lanín, Arroyo Turbio above Lago Tromen, 600 m ÁEF FARÍAS, 05/I/1986].

Zelandoperlinae MCLELLAN

Zelandoperlinae MCLELLAN 1977:121.

Genus Notoperlopsis ILLIES

Notoperlopsis ILLIES 1963:158. Species typica, monotypy: Notoperlopsis femina ILLIES. In Gripopteryginae. * ILLIES 1966:31. * MCLELLAN 1977:121. Zelandoperlinae. * MCLELLAN, MISERENDINO & HOLMANN 2006:67, fig. 31. Distribution map. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:90.

Distribution: Southern South America.

femina ILLIES 1963:161, figs. 5-6 (nymph: habitus; mandible and maxilla; cercus lateral; terminalia ventral. ?: wings; terminalia ventral; head and pronotum; foreleg). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Lago Pellaifa, 39°35'S *BESCH, 12/05/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?, Valdivia. Nymphs: 12, CHILE: IX: Malleco; X: Llanquihue. ARGENTINA: Chubut. * ILLIES 1966:31. * MCLELLAN, MISERENDINO & HOLLMANN 2006:63, figs. 21-30 (head and pronotum, wings, leg; ?: genitalia lateral, dorsal; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: habitus, terminalia ventral and lateral, mandible, maxilla). Male described, female and nymph redescribed. ARGENTINA: Chubut, Neuquén.

Notonemouridae

Notonemourinae RICKER 1950:198. * ILLIES 1961:118. * ILLIES 1966:162, fig. 11 (distribution map).

Notonemouridae ZWICK 1973b:317. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:101.

Genus Austronemoura AUBERT

Austronemoura AUBERT 1960:48. Species typica, original designation: Austronemoura chilena AUBERT. * ILLIES 1961:100, fig. 2 (nymph: habitus, maxilla, labium, prothorax ventral). Redefinition, revision. * ILLIES 1966:168. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:104.

Distribution: Southern South America.

araucoana AUBERT 1960:51, figs. 15-19 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; t10, epiproct; paraproct). Holotype, ?: CHILE,]: VIII: Arauco, Caramávida, 1000 m ÁL PEÑA, 05-10/02/1953]; Lausanne. Paratypes: 2?. * ILLIES 1961:102. * ILLIES 1966:168. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:180. Holotype in Lausanne.

auberti MCLELLAN & ZWICK 1996:109, figs. 1-5, 15-17 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, upper paraproct; ?: terminalia ventral, dissected specimen). Holotype ?: CHILE: IX: Malleco,Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta, Coimallín, 37°48'S, 73°01'W *C & OS FLINT, JR., 16/12/1993]; NMNH. Paratypes: 44?, 91?.

caramavidensis AUBERT 1960:50, figs. 10-14 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; t10, epiproct; paraproct). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Caramávida, 1000 m *L PEÑA, 25-31/XII/1953]; Lausanne. Paratypes: 5?. * ILLIES 1961:102. Probably species B AUBERT 1960. * ILLIES 1966:168. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.

chilena AUBERT 1960:49, figs. 4-9 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; t10, epiproct; st 9; ?, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Riñihue, 120 m *L PEÑA, 24/II/1955]; Lausanne. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 36?, 8?, CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno. * ILLIES 1961:100, fig. 3 (gynandromorph). CHILE, ARGENTINA, 38°-41°S. * WERNER 1965:232. CHILE, XI: Aisén (44°50'S). * ILLIES 1966:168. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.

decipiens MCLELLAN & ZWICK 1996:111, figs. 10-14, 18, 19 (?: terminalia ventral, lateral, dorsal; detail of epiproct, lateral; epiproct dorsal; ?: st8, detail). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Osorno, Puyehue Á11/1961]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?, 5?.

encoensis AUBERT 1960:52, figs. 26-29 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; apex of t10, epiproct). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Enco, 120-700 m ÁL PEÑA, 26/II/1955]; Lausanne. Paratype: 1?, X: Llanquihue. * ILLIES 1961:104, fig. 5 (? terminalia ventral, lateral). Valdivia. * ILLIES 1966:169. * JOOST 1976:207. XII: Aisén. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.

eudoxiae FROEHLICH 1960:22, fig. 13. (?: wings; terminalia lateral, ventral, dorsal, detail; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype ?: CHILE: X: Lanquihue, Los Muermos, 41°25'S *ROSS & MICHELBACHER, 19/I/1951]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 14?, 5?, IX: Malleco; XIV: Valdivia; X: Lanquihue. * ILLIES 1961:102, fig. 4 (Distribution map). Species C AUBERT 1960 belongs here. CHILE, 36°-42°S: VII: Linares; X: Llanquihue, Chiloé. * WERNER 1965:232. X: Osorno. * ILLIES 1966:169. * JOOST 1976:207. XI: Aisén

flintorum MCLELLAN & ZWICK 1996:111, figs. 6-9 (?: terminalia ventral lateral, dorsal; epiproct). Holotype ?: CHILE X: Chiloé, 4 km E Cucao, 42°39'S, 74°05'W *C & OS FLINT, JR., 26/12/1993]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?.

quadrangularis AUBERT 1960:51, figs. 20-25 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; t10, epiproct; paraprocts; st9). Holotype ?: CHILE: X: Osorno, Puyehue, 1300-1400 m ÁPEÑA, 13-19/03/1955]; Lausanne. * ILLIES 1961:104, fig. 4 (distribution map). Species A AUBERT 1960 belongs here. CHILE: XI: Aisén; XII: Magallanes; ARGENTINA: Río Negro. * ILLIES 1966:169. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.

species A AUBERT 1960:53, fig. 30 (? terminalia ventral). CHILE: Los Paraguas, 1400 m: 1? ÁPEÑA, 21-24/III/1955]; Lausanne. * ILLIES 1961:104. Belongs to A. quadrangularis AUBERT.

species B AUBERT 1960:54, fig. 31 (? terminalia ventral). CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Caramávida, 1000 m: 2? ÁPEÑA, 05-10/02/1950]; Lausanne. * ILLIES 1961:102. Probably belongs to A. caramavidensis AUBERT.

species C AUBERT 1960:54, fig. 32 (? terminalia ventral). CHILE:VIII: Arauco, Caramávida: 1?; XIV: Valdivia, Riñihue, 120 m: 1?; Lausanne. * ILLIES 1961:102. Belongs to A. eudoxiae FROEHLICH.

Genus Neofulla CLAASSEN

Neofulla CLAASSEN 1936:622. * ILLIES 1961:105. , fig.7 (nymph: habitus, prothorax ventral, maxilla, labium). * ILLIES 1966:172. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:106.

Fulla NAVÁS 1929d:328. Species typica, monotypy: Fulla areolata NAVÁS. Nomen praeoccupatum.

Illiesia AUBERT 1960:54. Species typica, original designation: Illiesia spinosa AUBERT. * ILLIES 1961:105. Diagnosis. Synonym of Neofulla.

Distribution: Southern South America.

areolata ÁFulla} (NAVÁS 1929d):329, fig. 74 (fore wing). Holotype: CHILE: XIV: Corral ÁR PAESSLER, 01/VI/1912]; Hamburg. * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type lost.* AUBERT 1960:60. * ILLIES 1961:107, figs. 1, 8 (habitus; ? terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral; ? terminalia ventral). Neotype ?: CHILE: IX: Cautín, Pillaifa Stream ÁBESCH, 12/II/1958]. Additional material: XIV: Valdivia; X: Llanquihue; with caution, XI: Aisén; XII: Magallanes. * WEIDNER 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. ILLIES's (1961) designation of a neotype is therefore invalid. * SCHNEIDER 1990:250, fig. 2 (?: terminalia lateral, ventral; paraprocts). CHILE: X: Osorno; ARGENTINA: Neuquén. * JOOST 1976:207. CHILE: XI: Aisén.

biloba AUBERT 1960:55, figs. 39-44 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; apex of t10, epiproct; paraproct; st9). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Río Chaquiguan, 460 m *L PEÑA, 18/III/1950]; Lausanne. * ILLIES 1961:109. * ILLIES 1966:173. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne. * PESSACQ 2008:60, figs. 1-8 (nymph: labrum, mandible, maxilla, lacinia, maxillary palpus, labium, tarsus, abdomen dorsal). Description of nymph. ARGENTINA: Chubut.

spinosa ÁIlliesia} (AUBERT 1960):54, figs. 1, 33-38 (?: forewing; terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; apex of t10, epiproct; paraproct; st9). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Enco, 120-700 m ÁL PEÑA, 26/II/1955]; Lausanne. * ÁNeofulla} ILLIES 1961:109. * WERNER 1965:232. XI: Aisén. * ILLIES 1966:173. * SCHNEIDER 1990:249, fig 1 (?: terminalia lateral, ventral. dorsal). CHILE: X: Osorno. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.

Genus Neonemura NAVÁS

Neonemura NAVÁS 1919a:6. Species typica, monotypy: Neonemura barrosi NAVÁS. * AUBERT 1960:57. Redefinition. * ILLIES 1961:109, fig. 9 (nymph: habitus, prothorax ventral, maxilla, mandible). Redefined. * ILLIES 1966:173. * ZWICK 1973b:319. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:106.

Distribution: Southern South America.

barrosi NAVÁS 1919a:6, fig. 23 (forewing, pronotum, terminalia lateral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: Río Blanco ÁR BARROS, X/1917]; Navás, lost. * NAVÁS 1925:312, fig. 39 (?, hindwing). * AUBERT 1956b:438. Type not located. * AUBERT 1960:57, figs. 3, 45-50 (forewing; ?: terminalia dorsal, lateral, ventral; epiproct; ?: terminalia ventral, lateral). * FROEHLICH 1960:21. * ILLIES 1961:109, fig. 10 (distribution map). CHILE, 33°-51°S. * WERNER 1965:232. From VII: Curicó to XII: Magallanes. * ILLIES 1966:173. * ZWICK 1972b:99. X: Llanquihue, Chiloé. * JOOST 1976:207. VIII: Arauco; XI: Aisén. * WAIS & BONETTO 1988:1457. ARGENTINA: Río Negro.

illiesi ZWICK 1972b:95, fig. 1 (?: terminalia dorsal, ventral, lateral, paraprocts; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Chiloé, Chepu ÁW KUSCHEL, 03/10/1958]; Illies. Paratypes: 2?, 2?. * ZWICK 1973b:319. * VERA 2008:25. CHILE: XI, XII.

maculata VERA 2008:23, 5 figs. (male: wings, terminalia lateral, dorsal, ventral, epiproct, circus). Holotyope, male: CHILE: VII, Reserva Nacional Altos de Lircay, estero Majadillas ÁA. VERA, 30/IV/2006]; Santiago.

Genus Udamocercia ENDERLEIN

Udamocercia ENDERLEIN 1909b:418. Species typica, monotypy: Leuctra antarctica ENDERLEIN 1905. * ENDERLEIN 1912:124. * AUBERT 1960:58. Redefined. * ILLIES 1961:112, fig. 11 (nymph: habitus, prothorax ventral, maxilla, mandible). * ILLIES 1966:176. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:107.

Distribution: Southern South America. CHILE: IX-XII.

antarctica ÁLeuctra} (ENDERLEIN 1905):814, fig. 5 (abdomen, lateral). Holotype, ?: ÁARGENTINA: Tierra del Fuego,] Ushuaia. ÁIII/1902]; Stockholm. * ÁUdamocercia} ENDERLEIN 1909b:418. * ENDERLEIN 1912:124, fig. 32 (? abdomen lateral), Tab. 4, fig. 43 (wings). * ILLIES 1961:112. * ILLIES 1966:176. * ZWICK 1973a:477. Comments.

species ÁNemurella} KLAPÁLEK 1904:5, fig. 2 (nymph: terminalia ventral, lateral). ÁCHILE: XII: Antarctica,] Isla Navarino, Puerto Toro. * ILLIES 1961:112. The species belongs to U. antarctica.

arumifera AUBERT 1960:59, figs. 2, 51-56 (forewing; ?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, lateral; epiproct; paraproct. ? terminalia lateral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Río Chaquiguan, 460 m *L PEÑA, 18/III/1950]; Lausanne. Paratype: 1?. * ILLIES 1961:112, fig. 12A, B (? terminalia ventral, lateral). CHILE: XIV: Valdivia. ARGENTINA: ÁRío Negro]. * ILLIES 1966:176. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne. * MISERENDINO & PIZZOLÓN 2000:64. Chubut.

frantzi ILLIES 1961:114, figs. 12C, 12D (? terminalia ventral, lateral). Holotype ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia, Liquiñe, 39°35'S *BESCH, 25/IV/1958]; Illies, but see below. Paratypes, 2?, 3?. CHILE: IX: Cautín; XIV: Valdivia. ARGENTINA: ÁRío Negro+. * ILLIES 1966:176. * SARTORI, MEMBIELA, RAVIZZA, SÁNCHES-ORTEGA & ZWICK 1990:181. Holotype in Lausanne.

species AUBERT 1960:60. Two ?, CHILE: X: Enco. Belongs to frantzi fide ILLIES 1961:115.

Incertae sedis

Gemnra (sic) Pirioni NAVÁS 1928:124, fig. 23 (forewing). Holotype ?: CHILE: Marga Marga, Hacienda Perales ÁA. PIRIÓN, 27/II/1927]; lost. * AUBERT 1960:60. Nomen nudum. * ILLIES 1961:99. Nomen nudum. * ILLIES 1966:471: Notonemourinae, Austronemoura or Neonemura. Nomen dubium.

Perloidea

Perlidae

Perlidae LATREILLE 1802:292. * ENDERLEIN 1909b:388 (key to genera). * KLAPÁLEK 1914:53, 61 * ILLIES 1966:259. * STARK 2001b:406. Key to Neotropical genera. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:109.

Acroneuriinae

Acroneuriinae KLAPÁLEK 1914:58. * ILLIES 1964b:208, fig. 1 (distribution map in South-Middle America). Key to southern South America genera. * ILLIES 1966: 304, fig. 15 (distribution map).

Genus Anacroneuria KLAPÁLEK

Anacroneuria KLAPÁLEK 1909:228. Species typica: A. albimacula KLAPÁLEK , by subsequent designation: CLAASSEN 1940:177. * NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:110. Comments, key to Central American and Mexican species. P. 119, footnote: "a...fragment...has been found among some material from Texas...this genus should...be added to the US fauna". * JEWETT 1960b:173. * ILLIES 1964b:230, fig. 21 (Nymph: head, mandible, maxilla). Comments. * ILLIES 1966:311. Comments. * ZWICK 1972a:1149. Redefinition and discussion. * ZWICK 1973a:478. Comments. * ZWICK 1973b:270. * FROEHLICH 1984c:44, figs. 1, 11 (head and pronotum, thorax ventral). * STARK 1998:552. Key to Costa Rican and Panamanian species. * DORVILLÉ & FROEHLICH 1999:281, figs. 2, 6, 9 (Nymph: head; T3 and base of abdomen, ventral; maxilla). * STARK 2001b:410, figs. 1-5 (sp. A, head and pronotum, ?: st9, penis ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:115.

Forquilla NAVÁS 1924b:74. Species typica, monotypy: Forquilla divisa NAVÁS. * JEWETT 1958:159. Synonym of Anacroneuria.

Coeloperla NAVÁS 1936:727. Species typica, monotypy: Coeloperla paulina NAVÁS. New synonym.

Nedanta NAVÁS 1932c (partim): 86. Species typica, original designation: Nedanta fusca NAVÁS. * ZWICK 1972a:1160. N. isoscelia is Anacroneuria.

Distribution: From southern Nearctic Region to northern Argentina.

achagua STARK 1999:70, figs. 1-5 (head and pronotum; ?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Portuguesa; Guanare ÁB MALKIN, 13/IX/1957]; CAS. Paratype: 1?.

acutipennis KLAPÁLEK 1923:23. Holotype, ?: PANAMA: Volcán Chiriquí; *VAN DEN WEELE]; Leiden, now Prague. * ILLIES 1966:312. * STARK 1998:554, figs. 1-5, 136, 159-160 (head and pronotum, ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details; ?: st8-9). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Cartago; Puntarenas; San José. GUATEMALA. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:6, figs. 1-5 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral).

expansa KLAPÁLEK 1923:22. * STARK 1998:554. Synonym of A. acutipennis.

sp. C HARPER 1992:118. * STARK 1998:554. Belongs to A. acutipennis.

adamsae STARK & SIVEC 1998:4, figs. 1-4 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, Buenos Aires, km 135, 2150 m ÁN. ADAMS, 28-29/VIII/1989]; NMNH.

aethiops ÁPerla} (WALKER 1852):154. Holotype, ?: MEXICO ÁColl. HARTWEG+; London. * HAGEN 1861:24. * ÁAnacroneuria} NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:116, fig. 5 (?, st8-9). MEXICO: Chiapas. * JEWETT 1958:161. MEXICO: Oaxaca. * ILLIES 1966:312. * ,Perla} KIMMINS 1970:338. ? holotype in London. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:6, figs. 6-10 (head and pronotum; ?, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?, st8-9). MEXICO: Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz.

alajuela STARK 1998:554, figs. 6-10 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis).Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Alajuela, 20 km S Upala ÁFD PARKER, VI/1990]; NMNH.

albimacula KLAPÁLEK 1921:324. Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Bogotá *LINDIG]. Berlin, lost. * ILLIES 1966:312. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:16, figs. 1-5 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?, st8-9). Neotype ?: COLOMBIA: Antioquia, 12 km E Medellin ÁOS FLINT, 06/II/1983]; NMNH.

amaru STARK 2004:67, figs. 1-5 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboró, 2030 m, 17°50'14"S, 64°23'38"W *S SPECTOR, J LEDEZMA, 17-25/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore). Paratypes: 124?.

amazonica FROEHLICH 2003:132. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke ÁMARLIER, 21/II/1964+; São Paulo. Paratype: ?. Nom. nov. for the ? described as A. marlieri. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2009:13, figs. 46-48 (female: sterna 7-8, sterna 9-10, vaginal sclerite). Female redescribed, comments on type locality.

marlieri FROEHLICH 2001 (partim, ?):191, figs. 11, 16 (head and pronotum, st8-9).

amboro STARK 2004:68, figs. 6-10 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboró, 2030 m, 17°50'15"S, 64°23'29"W *S SPECTOR, J LEDEZMA, 17-20/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore). Paratypes: 4?.

ampla JEWETT 1959a:156, fig. 10 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutônia *PLAUMANN, XI/1955]; CAS. Paratypes: 15?. * ILLIES 1966:312. * FROEHLICH 2002b:85. Synonym of A. plaumanni.

anchicaya BAENA & ZÚÑIGA 1999. In STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:22, figs. 21-25 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Alto Anchicayá, 700 m *A.M.ROJAS, A. RAMOS, 12/V/1994]; Cali. Paratype: 1?. * STARK 2001a:4. ECUADOR: Cotopaxi, Napo, Pichincha. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:218. COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:53, fig. 35 (putative ?, st8-9). Valle del Cauca, Antioquia. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:136. Antioquia, Cauca, Risaralda, Valle del Cauca.

angusticollis ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909b):409. Syntypes, 2?: COLOMBIA: Río Magdalena ÁERNST PEHLKE]; Warsaw. * ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ÁAnacroneuria} ZWICK 1973a:483, figs. 11-13 (? holotype, penis dorsal, lateral; ?, st8-9). BOLIVIA: La Paz, Coroico.* STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:17, figs. 6-10 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). ECUADOR: Napo. * STARK 2001a:4. ECUADOR: Napo, Pastaza, Zamora Chinchipe.

handlirschi KLAPÁLEK 1922:94. * ZWICK 1973a:483. Synonym of A. angusticollis. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:28. Species propria.

unicolor KLAPÁLEK 1922:94. * ZWICK 1973a:483. Synonym of A. angusticollis.

annularis ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):252, pl. 25, figs. 3-5 (habitus, wings closed; habitus, wings expanded; head and pronotum). Holotype, lacking abdomen: BRAZIL; Genève. * ,Perla} ILLIES, 1966:498. Nomen oblitum. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1152.

annulicauda ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):249, pl. 22, figs. 1-4 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded, head and pronotum, base of cercus). Syntypes: 1 ?, MEXICO; Berlin; 1?, BRAZIL; Vienna, lost. * ÁPerla} HAGEN 1861:26. * ,Neoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909a (nec PICTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1972a):175, fig. 8 (contour of ? subgenital plate). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina. Synonym of A. mollis = A. hyalina, fide ZWICK 1973a. * NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927 (nec PICTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1972a):111, figs. 1-1A (?, st8-9, base of cercus). BRAZIL: Rio Áde Janeiro]. *"This species may be designated as the type of the genus.": p. 112+. * COSTA LIMA 1939:105. BRAZIL: no material. * ILLIES 1966:312. * ZWICK 1972a:1152, fig. 6c (? lectotype, terminalia ventral). Lectotype designated, ?: MEXICO; Berlin. * ZWICK,1973a:485, figs. 14-15 (penis dorsal, lateral). * ZWICK,1973b:270.* STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:6, figs. 11-15 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). GUATEMALA: El Progreso; HONDURAS: Comayagua; MEXICO: Chiapas, Guerrero, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Sonora, Veracruz.

guatemalensis ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):161 * ZWICK 1973a:485. Synonym of A. annulicauda.

nigrocincta ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):236, partim. * ÁAnacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1152. In part A. annulicauda.

sulana NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:112. *ZWICK 1972a:1152. Synonym of A. annulicauda.

annulicauda ÁNeoperla}; (ENDERLEIN 1909a) (nec PICTET 1841):175, fig. 8 (contour of ? subgenital plate). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina. * KLAPÁLEK 1922:92. Synonym of A. mollis.

annulipalpis KLAPÁLEK 1922:91. Syntypes, 2?: PANAMA: Chiriquí ÁV. D. WEELE+; Prague. * ILLIES 1966:313. * STARK 1998:557, figs. 11-15, 137, 161-162 (head and pronotum, ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?, st8-9); ? lectotype designated. COSTA RICA: Alajuela, Guanacaste, Puntarenas, San José; PANAMA: Chiriquí.

quadriloba; HARPER 1992 (nec JEWETT 1958):117. * STARK 1998:557. Synonym of A. annulipalpis KLAPÁLEK.

antica ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1924b):71. Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA ÁPAUL SERRE, 1922]; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. * ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK 1998:602. ? holotype severely damaged. Nomem dubium.

antizana STARK 2001a:5, figs. 1-5 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Napo, 6 km S Baeza, 1920 m ÁSITES, LINIT, NICHOLS, 20/VII/1993]; UM.

apicalis ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):174, fig 11 (contour of ? subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Río Magdalena *E. PEHLKE]; Warsaw. * ENDERLEIN 1909b:407. *Key+. * ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1973a:485, fig 16 (? holotype, st8-9). * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:18.

appollinaris ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1924a):250. Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Meta, Villavicencio ÁFR. APOLLINAIRE MARIE, 1919]; Navás. * AUBERT 1956b:440, type in Paris. * ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ÁAnacroneuria} STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:45. Nomen dubium.

arawak STARK 1999:72, figs. 6-11 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: SURINAM: Brokopondo, Brownsberg Naturpark, Mazaroni Plateau, 400-500 m ÁWE STEINER, 16/VIII/1982]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?. * STARK 2000:305. GUYANA: Mazaruni-Potaro.

arcabuco ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2006. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:45, figs. 1-4 (head and pronotum; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Boyacá, Município de Arcabuco, Quebrada Mamarranos, via Villa de Leyva-Arcabuco, 2500 m ÁMC ZÚÑIGA, N ARANGUREN, AJ CARDOZO-ZÚÑIGA, 01/XII/2002]; Cali.

arcuata STARK 1995:224, figs. 53-56 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Aragua, Dos Riitos, 6 km N Rancho Grande ÁCM FLINT, OS FLINT, 04/II/1976]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?

aroucana KIMMINS 1948:105, figs. 1-5 (?, terminalia ventral, lateral; penis. ?, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: TRINIDAD: Arouca River (HBN HYNES, 30/XI/1941]; London. Paratypes: 2?. * HYNES 1948:105, figs 1A-1H (nymph: habitus; ?, ? terminalia ventral; mouthparts; mid-tarsus). * ILLIES 1966:313. * STARK 1994:173, figs.8-17 (head and pronotum; ?: st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg; nymph: head and pronotum, fore femur, apical cercal segments) TRINIDAD. * STARK 1999:73. VENEZUELA: Sucre.

arrazayalensis ORCE 2003:227, Figs. 1A-1E (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Salta, Finca Arrazayal, Arroyo Arrazayal, 660 m, 22°48'32"S, 64°29'34"W *DOMÍNGUEZ, ROMERO, MANZO, 13/XII/1999+; Tucumán.

atrifrons KLAPÁLEK 1922:89. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas, St. Paul *São Paulo de Olivença+ ÁBATES+; London. * WEIDNER 1962:107. Four "Cotypen", in litteris, not mentioned by KLAPÁLEK 1922, São Paulo, Estancia Meyrink ÁMETZ, 08/X/1895]; Hamburg. * ILLIES 1966:313. * FROEHLICH 2008:129, figs. 8-11 (male holotype, head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal and lateral). The in litteris "cotypes" of the Hamburg Museum (WEIDNER 1962) belong to A. stanjewetti.

montera STARK 1998:41. FROEHLICH 2008:129. Synonym of A. atrifrons KLAPÁLEK.

atrinota JEWETT 1959b:107, figs 4, 4A, 4B (head and pronotum; hind leg; contour of sgp). Holotype, ?: PERU: Huánuco, Tingo María *EI SCHLINGER & ES ROSS, 21-31/X/1954]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 5?, 12?, Huánuco, Lambayeque. * ILLIES 1966:313. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:4, figs 5-9, 22 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Redescription of ? holotype and ? allotype.

auca STARK 2001a:6, figs. 6-10 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pastaza, Tzapino, 32 km NE Tigueno, 400 m ÁJ COHEN, 25/V/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?.

aurata JEWETT 1959a:153, fig 9 (?, st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutônia ÁPLAUMANN, I/1956]; CAS. * ILLIES 1966:313.

aymara STARK & SIVEC 1998:7, figs. 10-14 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Erika, 550 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 4-6/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?, Cusco. * STARK 2001a:7. ECUADOR: Pastaza.

azul ROJAS & BAENA 1999. In STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:23, figs. 26-30 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Río Azul, cuenca media Río Calima, 550 m ÁAM ROJAS, M BAENA, 10/VIII/1994]; Cali. Paratypes: 6?, Valle del Cauca, Cauca. * STARK 2001a:7. ECUADOR: Pastaza, Pichincha. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:216, figs. 25-26 (hind femur and tibia, ? st8-9). Antioquia, Valle del Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:54. Antioquia. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:138. Antioquia.

badilinea JEWETT 1959a:157, fig. 14 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia *PLAUMANN, X/1956]; CAS. Paratypes: 15?. * ILLIES 1966:314. * FROEHLICH 2002b:75, fig. 1 Á?, st8-9]. Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones.

baniva STARK 1995:224, figs. 57-61 (?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Río Cataniapo, 10 km S Puerto Ayacucho ÁOS FLINT, 09/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?.

bari STARK 1995:226, figs. 62-67 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?, st8-9). Holotype ?: VENEZUELA: Zulia, El Tucuco, 45 km SW Machiques ÁAS MENKE, D VINCENT, 5-6/VI/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4?, 3?, Barinas, Miranda, Zulia. * STARK 1999:67. Guárico; Trujillo. * STARK 2001a:7. ECUADOR: Napo. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:138. COLOMBIA: Antioquia.

baumanni STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:7, figs. 16-23 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9; nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur, cerci). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chihuahua, Arroyo Banderas at forks ÁRW BAUMANN, BC KONDRATIEFF, S WELLS, B SARGENT, 25/VI/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 28?, 45?, 2 nymphs.

benedettoi STARK 1998:557, figs. 16-20, 138, 163-164 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Río Los Ahogados, 11.3 km ENE Quebrada Grande, 470 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, W FASTH, 07/III/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 35?, 1?. Alajuela; Guanacaste; Limón, Puntarenas, San José. PANAMA: Bocas del Toro. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:13, figs. 24-28 (head and pronotum, ?: st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). HONDURAS.

bifasciata ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):230, pl.20, figs.6, 7 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA ÁMORITZ+; Berlin. * ILLIES 1966:498. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1154, fig. 6a (? holotype, terminalia ventral, st9, inner sclerite). * ZWICK 1973a:479. * ZWICK 1973b:270. * STARK 1995:239, figs. 52, 127-134 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg). VENEZUELA: Aragua; Carabobo; Distrito Federal; Lara. * STARK 1999:73. Distrito Federal. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:18. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:54. COLOMBIA: Antioquia.

biloba KLAPÁLEK 1922:92. Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Riobamba ÁG RIVET]; Paris. * ILLIES 1966:314. * STARK 2001a:2. Nomen dubium.

bipunctata STARK 2004:69, figs. 11-12 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Aguajal, Manu Biosphere Reserve, 250 m ÁMG POGUE, 12/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?.

blanca STARK 1995: 213, figs. 1-11, 45 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, apical cercal segments, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st9; egg; nymph: head and pronotum, fore femur, apical cercal segments). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, basecamp, 140 m ÁD DAVIS, T MCCABE, 1-10/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 22?, 26?,13 nymphs. * FROEHLICH 2003:130. BRAZIL: Amazonas.

blanda NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:117, pl 12, figs. 9-9B (head and pronotum, ? terminalia, wings). Holotype, ?: PANAMA: Barro Colorado Island ÁWC ALLEE]; Cornell. * JEWETT 1958:168. * ILLIES 1966:314. * HARPER 1992:117, fig. 5 (?: penis dorsal, lateral). Colón, Panamá. * STARK 1998:560, figs. 21-25, 139 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Puntarenas. PANAMA: Colón, Panamá. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:218. COLOMBIA: Choco.

bolivari ÁNeoperla} (BANKS 1914):611, pl. 28, fig. 1 (? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Monte Socorro, 3.600 m ÁFASSL+; MCZ. * ILLIES 1966:481. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:18, figs. 11-14 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Antioquia, Risaralda. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:218. Cauca, Valle del Cauca.

boliviensis ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909b):406 Ákey], 408. Syntypes, 2?: BOLIVIA: Sara (now Santa Cruz) ÁJ STEINBACH]; Warsaw. * ILLIES 1966:482. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ÁAnacroneuria} ZWICK 1973a:479, figs. 3-4 (? lectotype, penis dorsal, lateral). Designated ? lectotype, ? paralectotype. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:7, figs. 15-16 (? lectotype, penis dorsal, lateral).

boraceiensis FROEHLICH 2004:54, figs. 1-7 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal and lateral; ?: st8, st9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia, Rio Guaratuba ÁCG FROEHLICH, AS MELO, VR RIBEIRO, 14/XII/2001+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 29?, 14?. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004:103.

brailovskyi STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:13, figs. 29-33 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Veracruz, Río Jamapa, 6 km N Coscomatepec ÁCM & OS FLINT, 26/V/1981]; NMNH. Paratypes: 5?, 1?.

brandaoi BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004c:193, figs. 8-12 (head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL, GoiÁs, Colinas do Sul, Serra da Mesa (14° 01'S, 48° 12'W) *SILVESTRE, DIETZ, CAMPANER, 2-15/XII/1995+; São Paulo. Paratype: 1?.

brevicollis KLAPÁLEK 1922:95. Syntypes: 1?, 1?: Most probably from BRAZIL; Vienna. * ILLIES 1966:314. * ZWICK 1973a:486. Lectotype ? designated. Synonym of A. debilis.

brunneilata JEWETT 1959b:112, fig 5 (?, contour of sgp). Holotype, ?: PERU: HuÁnuco, Tingo María ÁEI SCHLINGER & ES ROSS, 21-31/X/1954]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 5?, 45?, HuÁnuco; 6?, 3?, Lambayeque; 2?, Junín. Additional material: ECUADOR: Pastaza, 1?. * ILLIES 1966:314. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:7, figs. 17-21, 23 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st 8 and 9). Redescription of ? holotype and ? allotype.

?longicauda ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a) (nec PICTET 1841):163. * JEWETT 1959b:113. Possible synonym.

buenoi STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:14, figs. 34-38 (head and pronotum; ?: st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Veracruz, Río Jamapa, 6 km N Coscomatepec ÁJ BUENO, 26/V/1981]; UNAM. Paratypes: 5?.

bulbosa STARK & SIVEC 1998:12, figs. 24-27 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: "Piches and Perene VS", 610-915 m ÁSociedad Geografica de Lima]; NMNH.

cacute STARK & MALDONADO 2002. In MALDONADO, STARK & CRESSA:223, figs. 10-14 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Mérida, Quebrada La Picón, 2200 m, 8°37'57"N, 71°02'12"W *B PÉREZ, 23/XI/1999]; Maracay. Paratype: 1?.

cajas ZÚÑIGA & VIMOS 2006. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:46, figs. 5-9 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Azuay, Parque Natural Nacional Cajas, Río Surucucho, 15 km E of Cuenca, 3100 m, 02°50'22"C, 79°09'32"W *M.C. ZÚÑIGA, D. VIMOS, E. ZÁRATE, R.J. CARDOSO-ZÚÑIGA, 10/V/2003]; Cali, pro tempore. Paratypes: 25?.

calima BAENA & ROJAS 1999. In STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:23, figs. 31-35 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Río Azul, 550 m, cuenca media Río Calima *AM ROJAS, M BAENA, R ALDANA, 11/VIII/1994]; Cali. Paratypes: 5?. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:54. Antioquia, Valle Del Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:138. Valle del Cauca.

callanga STARK & SIVEC 1998:12, figs. 28-31 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, Callanga, 1300 m ÁF WOYTKOWSKI, 14/II/1953]; NMNH.

camposi ÁNeoperla}(BANKS 1920):322. Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Pifo ÁF CAMPOS R]; MCZ. * ILLIES 1966:482. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK 2001a:8-9, figs. 11-14 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Redescription of holotype. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:233, figs. 18-20 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). * STARK 2007:171. Napo.

cana STARK & SIVEC 1998:12, figs. 32-36 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype ?: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo to Pilcopata road, river at Puente Unión, 1670 m *R BLAHNIK, M PESCADOR, 21-23/VI/1993]; NMNH.

canchi STARK & SIVEC 1998:16, figs. 37-41 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 09/IX/1995]; NMNH.

canelo STARK 2001a:9, figs. 15-19 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Napo, Río Jondachi, 30 km N Tena, 950 m ÁOS FLINT, 10/IX/1990]; NMNH. Paratypes, 2?.

caraa DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:55, figs. 6-10 (head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, CaraÁ, Rio dos Sinos, 29°42'53"S, 50°17'19"W *DE RIBEIRO, 04. XII. 2003+; São Paulo.

caraca STARK 1995:228, figs. 68-77 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg; nymph, head and pronotum, fore femur, apical cercal segments). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Aragua, P.N. Henri Pittier, near El Limón, Río Limón, 500 m *HM SAVAGE, 10-12/XI/1979]; NMNH. Paratypes: 68?, 102?, 11 nymphs, 4 exuviae. Aragua; Barinas. * STARK 1999:73. GuÁrico. * STARK 2001a:10. ECUADOR: Napo. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:219. COLOMBIA: Magdalena, Valle del Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:53. Antioquia, Valle del Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:138. Risaralda, Valle del Cauca.

caraja FROEHLICH 2002b:100, figs. 93-96 (?, head and pronotum, hammer, penis). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: ParÁ; Rio Xingu Camp (52°22'W, 3°39'S), ca. 60 km S Altamira *P SPANGLER, OS FLINT, 1-21/X/1986]; NMNH.

carchi STARK 2001a:11, figs. 20-23 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Carchi, Chical, 1250 m ÁJ RAWLINS, M SMYERS, 16/VII/1983]; Carnegie.

carole STARK 2004:70, figs. 13-14 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 9-23/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3?.

cathia FROEHLICH 2002b:91, figs. 55-60 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia *F PLAUMANN, XI/1962]; CAS. Paratypes: 1?, 5?. * DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:55. Rio Grande do Sul.

cayapa STARK 2001a:12, figs. 24-28 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pichincha, 14 km E Santo Domingo de los Colorados ÁA LANGLEY, J COHEN, 05/VII/1975]; NMNH.

chachis STARK & VASCONEZ 2006. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:47, Figs. 10-14 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Parroquia de Mindo, Río Mindo, 1310 m, 00°03'59"S, 78°45'55"W ÁMC ZÚÑIGA, JJ VÁSCONEZ, RJ CARDOZO-ZÚÑIGA, 20/V/2003]; Cali, pro tempore. Paratype: 1?, Pastaza.

chaima STARK 1999:73, figs. 12-16 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Sucre, Río Cocollar, 1.5 km SE Las Piedras de Cocollar, 810 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, OS FLINT, 7-8/IV/1995]; NMNH.

chavin STARK & SIVEC 1998:16, figs. 42-45 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: HuÁnuco, Yurac, 108 km E Tingo María *EI SCHLINGER, ES ROSS, 16/XI/1954]; CAS. * STARK 2004:78. Pasco.

chiapasa JEWETT 1958:166, fig. 6 (st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, El Zapote ÁA DAMPF, 13/XI/1930]; INHS. Allotype, ?: Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 2?. * ILLIES 1966:314. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:41. Synonym of A. planicollis.

chimborazo STARK 2001a:13, figs. 29-32 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Chimborazo, 7 km N. Penipe, 2340 m ÁOS FLINT, 16/IX/1990]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?.

chipaya STARK & SIVEC 1998:19, figs. 46-50 (?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: Cochabamba, Incachaca ÁLE PEÑA, 25-31/VIII/1956]; NMNH. Paratypes: 19?, 1?. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:219. COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Cauca.

chiquita STARK 1995:229, figs. 78-81 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Zulia, El Tucuco, 45 km SW Machiques ÁA MENKE, D VINCENT, 5-6/VI/1976]; NMNH.

choachi STARK & ZÚÑIGA 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:24, figs. 36-40 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca, Choachi ÁFR FOSBERG, 17/V/1944]; NMNH.

choco STARK & BERSOSA 2006. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:49, figs. 15-19 (head and pronotum; ?: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Chocó, Municipio de Acandí, Cerro de Tripogandí, 2 km Bahia de Napú, Quebrada Coquital, 08°23'58"N, 77°08'46"W, 115 m *MP ROZO, C CAMARGO, VII/2000]; Cali. Paratypes: 5?, 22?; COLOMBIA: Chocó, Magdalena; ECUADOR: Esmeraldas, Pichincha.

chorrera STARK 1995:230, figs. 42, 82-89 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, paraproct, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9; egg, detail of egg). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Mérida, La Chorrera Canyon, 2000 m ÁJB HEPPNER, 08/II/1978]; NMNH. Paratypes: 15?, 2?. Mérida; Distrito Federal, Aragua. * STARK 1999:74. Mérida; Trujillo; Tachira. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:233, figs. 1-3, 21-23 (penis ventral dorsal, lateral, details). Mérida.

cincta ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):229, pl. 20, fig. 5 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype, ?: Vera Crux (MEXICO?, PANAMA?); Paris, lost. * ÁPerla}HAGEN 1861:24. * ,Anacroneuria} NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:114, fig. 4 (?, subgenital plate). PANAMA: Chiriquí. * JEWETT 1958:169. Chiriquí. * ILLIES 1966:314. * ZWICK 1972a:1155. NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON's interpretation is uncertain. * HARPER 1992:118, fig.14 (?: st8-9). Chiriquí. * STARK 1998:551. Nomen dubium. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:1. Nomen dubium.

cipriano ZÚÑIGA & ROJAS 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:25, figs. 41-45 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Río Azul, cuenca media Río Calima, 550 m *AM ROJAS, M BAENA, R ALDANA, 21/II/1994]; Cali. Paratype: 1?.

citara STARK & ORTEGA 2007. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:128, Figs. 1-5 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Antioquia, Municipio de Betania, Farallones de CitarÁ, Vereda La Oculta, Quebrada Agualinda ÁOE ORTEGA, 07/VIII/1996+; Medellín. Paratype: 1?.

claudiae STARK 1999:74, fig. 17-21 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Zulia, Río Yasa, 3 km E Kasmera (Estación Biologica), 150 m *R HOLZENTHAL, C CRESSA, RINCÓN, 14/I/1994]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?.

cochabamba STARK 2004:71, figs. 15-19 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboró, 2060 m, 17°50'02"S, 64°23'05"W *S SPECTOR, J LEDEZMA, 18/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore).

collaris ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1932a):58, fig. 2 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Barão Homem de Mello *ZIKAN, 03/XI/1929]; DEI. * AUBERT 1956b:440. * ILLIES 1966:482. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda+. * PETERSEN & GAEDIKE 1968:964. Female holotype in DEI. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK, FROEHLICH & ZÚÑIGA 2009:117.

comanche STARK & BAUMANN 1987:345, figs. 1-8 (? head and pronotum; terminalia lateral and dorsal; paraproct; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal).Holotype ?: USA: Texas, Kendall Co., Dierks Ford ÁC ORCHARD & V DROPKIN, 4/VII/1946+; Field. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.

contrerasi STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:14, figs. 39-43 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Nuevo León, Santiago, Potrero Redondo ÁA CONTRERAS-RAMOS, 25/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?, 1?.

cordillera ROJAS & ZÚÑIGA 1999. In STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:26, figs. 51-55 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Villa Carmelo, cuenca alta, Río Meléndez, 1800 m *AM ROJAS, MC ZÚÑIGA, C SERRATO, 15/X/1991+; Cali. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:220. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:139. Cauca.

coroicana ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1927):65, fig. 4 (head and pronotum]. Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: La Paz, Coroico ÁIn NAVÁS: Sutchan. Ussuri.] ÁSTAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS+; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type not located. * (corvicana) ILLIES 1966:482. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:2. Nomen dubium.

coronata NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:117, figs 7, 7A (?: terminalia, right wings). Holotype, ?: MEXICO ÁSALLEE]; Cornell. * ILLIES 1966:315. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:19, figs. 44-48 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: s8-9). HONDURAS: Comayagua, Olancho; MEXICO: Chiapas.

coscaroni FROEHLICH 2002b:91, figs. 61-66 (head and pronotum; ?, hammer, penial armature; ?, st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Entre Ríos; Salto Grande, Río Uruguay *OS FLINT, 16/XI/1973]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9?, 7?.

cosnipata STARK & SIVEC 1998:19, figs. 51-55 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Llayehuyo ca. Río Cosnipata, 1400 m ÁF WOYTKOWSKI, 22/XII/1951]; NMNH. * STARK 2004:78, figs. 49-50 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Putative ?.

costalis ÁPerla (Perla)}(PICTET 1841):264, pl 24, fig. 4 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype: ÁMEXICO]: Vera-Cruz; Paris, lost. * ,Perla} HAGEN 1861:27. * ÁNeoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909a Ánec PICTET 1841]:177, fig. 12 (contour of ? subgenital plate). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Rio Grande do Sul. Several species, fide ZWICK 1973a. * ,Perla} ILLIES 1966:500. ÁSpecies inquirenda+. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1973a:486. Unidentifiable, ENDERLEIN's 1909a material comprises several species. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:1. Nomen dubium.

costana ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1924b):72. Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA ÁPAUL SERRE, 1920+; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. * ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ÁAnacroneuria} STARK 1998:560, figs. 26-30 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). COSTA RICA: Puntarenas. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:20, figs. 49-53 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). MEXICO: Chiapas, Oaxaca, Sonora, Veracruz.

cotacachi STARK 2001a:15, figs. 33-39 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Río Umachaca, 5 km E Nanegal, Forest Station Maquipucuna, 1250 m ÁOS FLINT, 04-05/IX/1990]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1?, 7?.

cotopaxi STARK 2001a:17, figs. 40-43 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Cotopaxi, San Francisco de las Pampas, Otonga, 2000 m ÁE TAPIA, G ONORE, C YOUNG, 30-31/VII/1993]; Carnegie. Paratype: 1?.

crenulata JEWETT 1958:171, fig 11 (? st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Guerrero, Mexcala Á13/XII/1929]; INHS. Allotype, ?: Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 10?, 14?, Chiapas, Distrito Federal, Guerrero, México, Morelos, Nuevo León, Puebla, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Vera Cruz; 1?, BELIZE; 1?, HONDURAS; 1?, 4?, PANAMA: Chiriquí, PanamÁ. * ILLIES 1966:315. * STARK & BAUMANN 1987:346, figs. 9-13 (? terminalia lateral and dorsal, st9, paraproct, penis ventral). Allotype. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.

cruza STARK 1995:231, figs. 90-96 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; nymph, head and pronotum, fore femur, apical cercal segments). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Exp. Culebra Á03°33'N, 65°05'W+, N Duida *J MALDONADO CAPRILES, 7-16/IV/1950]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2 nymphs, 2 exuviae. * STARK 1999:74. VENEZUELA: Sucre; GUYANA.

cuadrada STARK 1995:233, figs. 97-100 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Mérida, Río Santo Domingo, 5 km NW Santo Domingo ÁCM FLINT, OS FLINT, 19/II/1976]; NMNH.

curiosa STARK 1998:563, figs. 31-35, 165-166 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details). Holotype ?: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Maritza, Río Tempisquito, 550 m ÁCM FLINT, OS FLINT, 17/VI/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 25?; Alajuela; Guanacaste. NICARAGUA: Chontales. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:139. COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca.

flavominuta; HARPER 1992:116. * STARK 1998:563. Synonym of A. curiosa.

cusi STARK 2004:71, figs. 20-24 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboró, 2060 m, 17°50'02"S, 64°23'05"W *S SPECTOR, J LEDEZMA, 18/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore). Paratypes: 3?.

cuzco STARK & SIVEC 1998:19, figs. 56-60 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, pte. San Pedro, ca. 50 km NW Pilcopata, 1430 m ÁN ADAMS & al., 30-31/VIII/1989]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4?, Cusco. 2?, BOLIVIA: La Paz. * STARK 2004:78. BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz.

dampfi JEWETT 1958:165, fig. 5 (st8-9). Holotype ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, Finca Vergel ÁA. DAMPF, 29/V/1935]; INHS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype but 15/V/1935. Paratypes: 5?. * ILLIES 1966:315. * STARK 1998:582. Synonym of A. planicollis.

debilis ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):255, pl. 26, fig. 4 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL ÁSELLOW+; Berlin. * ,Neoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909a Áin part PICTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1973a]:173, fig. 10 (contour of ? subgenital plate). Santa Catarina. * ÁNeoperla} BANKS 1913:85. Rondônia. * ,Perla} ILLIES 1966:501. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1155, fig. 5b (? holotype, penis dorsal, lateral). * ZWICK 1973a:486, figs. 17-18 (egg; ?, st8-9). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul. * ZWICK 1973b:270. * FROEHLICH 2002b:76, figs. 2-4 (?, st8-9 of 2 specimens; egg). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; ParanÁ, Espírito Santo. ARGENTINA: Misiones, Entre Rios. PARAGUAY: Paraguarí. * DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:55. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

brevicollis KLAPÁLEK 1922:95. * ZWICK 1973a:486. Synonym of A. debilis.

diaphana KLAPÁLEK 1921:325. Syntypes, 3?: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul; ÁSTIEGELMAYR]; Vienna, missing. * ILLIES 1966:315.

digitata STARK 1995:234, figs. 101-107 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Barinas, Río Santo Domingo *CM FLINT, OS FLINT, 17/II/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 8?.

dilaticollis ÁPerla} (BURMEISTER 1839):880. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL; Halle. * ,Perla (Perla)} PICTET 1841 (partim, type):240, pl. 23, figs. 5-10 (dorsal view, wings closed, wings expanded; 2 figs. head and pronotum, 2 legs). BRAZIL; COLOMBIA; MEXICO. * ,Perla} HAGEN 1861:25. * ÁPseudoperla} BANKS 1901:362. MEXICO: Morelos, Veracruz. * ÁNeoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909b (probably not BURMEISTER 1839):411. BRAZIL: Espírito Santo, BOLIVIA: Sara (now Santa Cruz). * ÁAnacroneuria} NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927 (nec BURMEISTER 1839):117, figs. 8-8B (?: terminalia with everted penis, t10 and paraprocts; ?: st8-9). MEXICO; GUATEMALA; PANAMA; BRAZIL: Mato Grosso. * COSTA LIMA 1939:105. No material. * JEWETT 1958 (nec BURMEISTER 1839):170. MEXICO: Chiapas; GUATEMALA Á...possibly this name should not be used...I am following NEEDHAM and BROUGHTON...+. * ILLIES 1966:315. * ZWICK 1972a:1156, fig. 6e (? terminalia). Very unprobable that dilaticollis; NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927 and JEWETT 1958 belong to this species. * ZWICK 1973b:270. Secondary citations before 1972 are questionable. * FROEHLICH 2002b:78, figs. 5-6 (? holotype, head and pronotum; egg). BRAZIL: Espírito Santo.

dimidiata ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1916b):62. Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: La Vega ÁFrater APOLLINARIS MARIA, VI/1915]; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:45. Nomen dubium.

divisa ÁForquilla} (NAVÁS 1924b):74, fig. 13 (right wings). Syntypes: 1?, 2?: COSTA RICA ÁPAUL SERRE, 1921+; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. * ,Anacroneuria} ILLIES 1966:316. * STARK 1998:563, figs. 36-40, 141, 167-168 (head and pronotum, ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details; ?: st8-9). One female syntype extant, male missing. COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Guanacaste.

dourada JEWETT 1960a:1, figs. 1, 1A (?: head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: GoiÁs; 24 km E Formoso ÁFS TRUXAL, 09/VI/1956]; Rio de Janeiro, missing. Allotype, ?: Same data except 23/V/1956; Rio de Janeiro; missing. Paratypes: 1?, 8?. * (dousada) ILLIES 1966:316.

egena ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1916a):26, fig. 7 (left wings). Holotype: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Nueva ÁNova] Friburgo ÁH RAMOS, XII/1911]; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.

expansa KLAPÁLEK 1923:22. Syntypes: 1?: GUATEMALA; Prague; 1?: BOLIVIA; Greifswald, missing. * ILLIES 1966:316. * STARK 1998:554. ? lectotype designated. GUATEMALA; Prague. Synonym of Anacroneuria acutipennis.

exquisita STARK 1998:566, figs. 41-45 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: San José, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, Río Zurchi, 1650 m *R HOLZENTHAL, M HEYN, B ARMITAGE, 06/VII/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4?.

farallonensis ROJAS & BAENA 1993:25, figs. 1-6 (?, head and pronotum, fore wing, penis, segment10). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Peñas Blancas, Parque Nacional de los Farallones, Río Cali (03°33'N, 75°42'W), 2000 m *C SERRATO, 10/IX/1991]; Cali. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:19. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:216, figs. 27-31 (head and pronotum; ?: st8-9; ?: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Redescription. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:140. COLOMBIA: Risaralda.

fenestrata ÁPerla (Chloroperla)} (PICTET 1841):281, pl. 31, figs. 1-4 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded; leg; detail of wing). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA; Berlin. * ,Neoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909b:409. ÁPerla} ILLIES 1966:502. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen oblitum. * ZWICK 1972a:1157, fig. 5d (? terminalia). Holotype, ?; Berlin. * ZWICK 1973b:271. * STARK 1995:241, figs. 135-139 Á?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal]. VENEZUELA: Mérida. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:19. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:55. COLOMBIA: BoyacÁ. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:140. BoyacÁ.

fiorentini DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:53, figs. 1-5 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal and lateral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, CaraÁ, Rio dos Sinos, 29°42'53"S, 50°17'19"W *DE RIBEIRO, 04. XII. 2002+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 2?, 2?.

fittkaui FROEHLICH 2003:131, figs. 7-11 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas, lower Rio Negro ÁEJ FITTKAU, 27/XI/1963+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 37?, 27?.

flavicoronata JEWETT 1959b:111, figs. 3-3A (? head and pronotum; contour of subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: PERU: HuÁnuco, Tingo María *EI SCHLINGER & ES ROSS, 16/XI/1954]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 16?, 2?. * ILLIES 1966:316. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:24, figs. 61-65, 71 Áhead and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9]. Loreto. * STARK 2004:78. Pasco.

flavifacies JEWETT 1958:161, fig. 1 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: México, Temascaltepec, Real de Arriba ÁHE HINTON & RL USINGER, 04/VI/1933+; CAS. * ILLIES 1966:316. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:20, figs. 54-57 (head and pronotum; ?: st9; penis lateral, ventral).

flavifrons JEWETT 1959b:108, figs 2, 2A (?, head and pronotum; contour of subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: PERU: HuÁnuco, Yurac, 108 km E Tingo María ÁEI SCHLINGER & ES ROSS, 16/XI/1954]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratype: 1?. Identification not certain: Ancash, Chimbote, 2?, 1?; NMNH. * ILLIES 1966:316. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:24, figs. 66-70, 72 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Redescription of ? holotype and ? paratype.

flavilatera KLAPÁLEK 1922:92. Syntypes: ?, ?: COLOMBIA: BogotÁ. *LINDIG+; Berlin, missing. * ILLIES 1966:317. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA, 1999:45. Nomen dubium.

flavolineata JEWETT 1958:171, figs. 10, 10A (st8-9). Holotype, ?: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Lanquín, 300 m *RD MITCHELL, 08/VI/1948]; CNHM. Paratypes: 17?, Alta Verapaz; 4?, MEXICO: Hidalgo, Vera Cruz. * ILLIES 1966:317. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:21, figs. 58-59 (?, head and pronotum, st9).

flavominuta JEWETT 1958:167. Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, Santa Ana, ÁA DAMPF, 25/II/1931]; INHS. Allotype, ?: Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 3?, 20?; Chiapas, Pueblo; 9?, GUATEMALA: Chimaltenango, Alta Verapaz, Izabal; 2?, 1?; PANAMA: Chiriquí, Veraguas. * ILLIES 1966:317. * HARPER 1992:116, fig. 2 (?: penis dorsal, lateral). Male paratype of JEWETT 1958. PANAMA: Veraguas. Synonym of A. curiosa fide STARK 1998. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:21, figs. 60-64 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). HONDURAS: Olancho; MEXICO: Chiapas, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz.

flinti STARK & SIVEC 1998:28, figs. 73-76 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Río Manu, Limonal, 10 km N Boca Manu, 200 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 07/IX/1988]; NMNH.

flintorum FROEHLICH 2002b: 93, figs. 67-70 (?, head and pronotum, hammer, penial armature). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Nova Friburgo, Municipal Water Supply, 950 m ÁCM & OS FLINT, 24/IV/1977+; NMNH. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:99, figs. 4-10 (? head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ? st8-9; egg). São Paulo. * DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:55. Rio Grande do Sul.

forcipata ROJAS & BAENA 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:26, figs. 51-55 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Río Azul, 550 m, cuenca media Río Calima *AM ROJAS, M BAENA, R ALDANA, 21/II/1994+; Cali. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:220.

fulvipennis ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1934b): 17. Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: San José ÁF NEVERMANN, V/1930+; Hamburg.* WEIDNER 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. * ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK 1998:603. Holotype in fragments. Nomem dubium.

fumigata KLAPÁLEK 1922:95. Syntypes: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo; Berlin, missing, and KlapÁlek; male syntype in Prague (STARK, in litteris) * ILLIES 1966:317.

furfurosa JEWETT 1960b: 173, figs. 9-9A (head and pronotum, ? terminalia). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro, Bom Retiro ÁSANTOS, MACHADO, BARROS, MYRIAM, 8/I/1957]; Rio de Janeiro. Allotype, ?:same data as holotype. Paratypes: 1?, 3?. * ILLIES 1966:317. * AVELINO-CAPISTRANO & COSTA 2009:69. Holotype in Rio de Janeiro.

fuscescens ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1927):67. Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: ÁLaPaz,] Coroico ÁSTIEGELMAYR & BANG-HAAS]; NavÁs, lost. * ILLIES 1966:483. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:2. Nomen dubium.

fuscicosta ÁNeoperla costalis var.} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):178. Syntypes: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; 7?, 17? ÁLÜDERWALDT+; Warsaw. * ,Anacroneuria} JEWETT 1959a:155, figs. 8-8A (2 specimens, head and pronotum). Santa Catarina. Partim, fide ZWICK 1973a. * JEWETT 1960b:174. Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo. Doubtfully A. fuscicosta. * ÁNeoperla} ILLIES 1966:484. Comments. Species inquirenda. * ZWICK 1973a:486, figs. 19-20 (egg, ? st9, seminal receptacle). Designated ? lectotype, ? paralectotypes. ENDERLEIN's material includes several species. * FROEHLICH 2002b:78, figs. 7-11 (head and pronotum; ?: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9). BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; ParanÁ. ARGENTINA: Misiones. * DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:55. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

galba JEWETT 1960a:3, fig. 2 (?, st8-9). Holotype , ?: BRAZIL: GoiÁs. ÁChapada dos] Veadeiros ÁFS Truxal, 30/IV/1956]; Rio de Janeiro; missing. Allotype, ?: same data except 23/V/1956; Rio de Janeiro; missing. Paratypes: 4?, 3?. The specimens provisionally identified with this species from Espírito Santo, São Paulo and Minas Gerais very doubtfully belong to it. * ILLIES 1966:317.

genualis ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1932a):58, fig. 3 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, São Martinho *MELZER, XI/1929]; DEI Álacking abdomen+. * AUBERT 1956b:440: Type in Buenos Aires: no!, v.s. * ILLIES 1966:484. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * PETERSEN & GAEDIKE 1968:965. Holotype in DEI. * ÁAnacroneuria} FROEHLICH 2007:15, fig. 1 (head and pronotum). Probably from Mato Grosso do Sul, Porto São Martinho.

guaikuru FROEHLICH 2007:19, figs. 12-14 (head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Salobra, 20°41'35"S, 56°44'26"W *O FROEHLICH, 16-21/III/2004+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 5?.

guambiana ZÚÑIGA & STARK 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:27, figs. 56-60 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Piendamó, cuenca media Río Piendamó, 1400 m *Y BALLESTEROS, J LOAIZA, 23/XI/1993]; Cali. Paratypes: 5?. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003: 234, figs. 5, 24-26, 42, 44 (penis ventral dorsal, lateral, detail; ?, st8-9; distribution map of guambiana complex). Cauca, Risaralda. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:140.

guatemalensis ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):161, Fig. 1 (contour of ? subgenital plate). Syntypes: 1?, 2?: GUATEMALA. 1?, 1?: MEXICO: Chiapas ÁL CONRADT, 01/IV/1907+; Warsaw. * ILLIES 1966:484. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ZWICK 1973a:485. Designated ? lectotype, ? paralectotype: MEXICO; 2? paralectotypes: GUATEMALA; ? paralectotype missing. Synonym of A. annulicauda.

guayaquil ZÚÑIGA & ROJAS 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:28, figs. 61-65 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Quindío, Reserva Guayaquil, cuenca alta Río Quindío, 3070 m *MC ZÚÑIGA, AM ROJAS, 29/IV/1992]; Cali. * STARK 2001a:18. ECUADOR: Chimborazo.

hacha STARK 1998:568, figs. 46-50, 169-170 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Estación Maritza, Río Tempisquito *27/IV/1989+; NMNH. Paratypes: 31?, Guanacaste.

handlirschi KLAPÁLEK 1922: 94. Syntypes: 1?, 1?: PERU: Pichis; 3?: Marcapata; Prague. 1?: BOLIVIA: La Paz, Yungas de Coroico, ÁFASSL]; Vienna. * ILLIES 1966:317. * ZWICK 1973a:483. Designated ? lectotype: BOLIVIA: Yungas de Coroico. Synonym of A. angusticollis. * ZWICK 1973b:271. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:28, figs. 77-82 Áhead and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9]. Species propria. BOLIVIA: Cochabamba. PERU: Cusco; Madre de Dios.

harperi STARK 1998:568, figs. 51-55, 142 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: PANAMA: Alajuela ÁA BUSCK, 17/IV/1911]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3?, 2?, Alajuela; Darien. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:140. COLOMBIA: Chocó.

sp. B HARPER 1992:118.

hemiphaea ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1936):727. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Hamonia Ánow Ibirama] ÁLUEDERWALDT, XI/1910+; São Paulo. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in São Paulo. * ILLIES 1966:485. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.

heppneri STARK & SIVEC 1998:32, figs. 83-87 ( ?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: HuÁnuco, Tingo María, 672 m ÁJB HEPPNER, 1-6/II/1980]; NMNH.

hieroglyphica ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):167, fig. 5 (?, contour of subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Balzapamba ÁR HAENSCH, 03/IX/1899]; Warsaw. Paratypes: 1?, Balzapamba; 1?, Archidona, lost. * ILLIES 1966:485. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1973a:481, fig. 7 (?, st8-9). Holotype, ?: Balzapamba. * STARK 2001a:18. Comments on ZWICK 1973a.

holzenthali STARK 1998:568, figs. 56-60, 143, 171-172 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque Nacional Rincón de la Vieja, Quebrada Zapilote, 785 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, 03/III/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 22?, 15?, Alajuela; Guanacaste; Heredia. NICARAGUA: Chontales. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:24, figs. 65-69 (head and pronotum; ?, st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). HONDURAS: Comayagua.

hoogstraali JEWETT 1958:169, figs. 9-9A (?: head and pronotum; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Nuevo León, Galeana, 2210 m ÁH HOOGSTRAAL, 22/VII/1938]; CNHM. Allotype, ?: Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 3?, 1?. * (hoogstraati) ILLIES 1966:318. * ZWICK 1973b:271. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:24, figs. 70-74 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). MEXICO: Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí.

huayna STARK 2004:72, figs. 25-27 (?, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Pasco, Chontilla, 22 km S Iscozazin ÁR ETHERIDGE, 1-15/VIII/1961]; Los Angeles.

hyalina ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET, KOLLAR Mss, 1841):247, pl. 21, figs. 5-8 (habitus, wings expanded, lighter variety, darker variety, head and pronotum, base of cercus). Syntypes, 2: BRAZIL; Vienna. * ,Neoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909a (nec PICTET 1841):171, fig. 9 (contour of ? subgenital plate). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul. * ÁPerla} ILLIES 1966:502. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1158, fig. 6b (?, st8-9). Remaining ? syntype in NHMW is designated lectotype for both P. hyalina and A. mollis. * ZWICK 1973b:271.

mollis KLAPÁLEK 1922:92. * ZWICK 1972a:1158. Synonym of P. hyalina.

annulicauda ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a) (nec PICTET 1841):175. * KLAPÁLEK 1922:92. Synonym of A. mollis.

ignatiana ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1923):43. Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Misiones, ca. San Ignacio, Villa Lutecia ÁER WAGNER, 1911+; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. * ,Anacroneuria} ILLIES 1964b:231. * ILLIES 1966:486. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.

iguaque ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2006. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:50, figs. 20-24 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: BoyacÁ, Municipio de Arcabuco, Río Cane, Vía Villa de Leyva-Arcabuco, 2500 m ÁMC ZÚÑIGA, N ARANGUREN, AJ CARDOZO-ZÚÑIGA & al., 12/XII/2002]; Cali. Paratypes: 2?.

impensa JEWETT 1959a:157, fig. 12 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia ÁF PLAUMANN, 09/XI/1955]; CAS. Paratype: 1?. * ILLIES 1966:318. * FROEHLICH 2002b:80, figs.12-17 (? holotype: head and pronotum; st8-9; ?, hammer, penis; egg). Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones.

inca STARK & SIVEC 1998:32, figs. 88-92 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Erika, 550 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 4-6/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?, Cusco. * STARK 2004:79, figs. 51-52 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Madre de Dios, putative ?.

intermixta ÁPerla} (WALKER 1852):153. Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA; London. * ILLIES 1966:503. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen oblitum. * KIMMINS 1970:343. ? holotype in London. * ÁAnacroneuria} STARK 1995:243. Comments.

inza ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:210, figs. 1-5 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Municipio de InzÁ, Quebrada San Andrés de PisimbalÁ, 1730 m ÁMC ZÚÑIGA, F MUÑOZ-QUESADA, JH LÓPEZ, 20/XII/1997]; Cali. Paratypes: 4?.

iporanga BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:103, figs. 14-18 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Ribeirão Água Comprida ÁPC BISPO, VL CRISCI-BISPO, 23/IX/1999+; São Paulo. Paratype: 1?.

iridescens KLAPÁLEK 1922:91. Syntypes: 11?: BOLIVIA: Chaco, 6?; PERU: Santo Domingo, 1800 m, 2? ÁV.D. WEELE]; Carabaya Limbani, 1?, ÁV.D. WEELE]; VENEZUELA, 2?, SÉLYS, missing. * ILLIES 1966:318. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:35, fig.93 (?, st8-9). Designated as lectotype: ? syntype from BOLIVIA: Chaco; Prague.

isleta STARK 1994:171, figs. 1-7 (head and pronotum; egg; ?: st8-9; ?: st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: TOBAGO: 5.9 km N Roxborough, Parlatuvier Rd. C2/4, 400 m, ÁNE ADAMS & WN MATHIS, 15-16/VI/1993]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1?, 5?.

isoscelia ÁNedanta} (NAVÁS 1932c):88, fig. 13 (head and pronotum; subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Boiteuxburgo, 800 m ÁP MISSFELDT, 1929-1930+; Hamburg. * AUBERT 1956b:439. Type lost. * WEIDNER 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. * ZWICK 1972a:1160. Synonym of A. longicauda.

itajaimirim BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:105, figs. 19-25 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Cachoeira das Pedrinhas ÁPC BISPO, VL CRISCI-BISPO, 01/XI/2002+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1?, 1?.

izapa STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:26, figs. 75-77 (?, penis lateral. dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, San Quintín, Jatate River, 230 m ÁDW ANRAM, 15/III/1935]; INHS. Paratypes: 2?.

jaciara BISPO & NEVES 2005. In: BISPO, P.C.; NEVES, C.O; FROEHLICH, C.G. 2005:2, Figs. 1-7 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, Jaciara, Córrego Tenente Amaral *CO Neves, 01/IX/1999+; CuiabÁ. Paratypes: 44?, 69?.

jewetti STARK 2001a:19, figs. 44-48 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Napo, San Francisco de Borja ÁP SPANGLER, A.GURNEY, A LANGLEY, J COHEN, 15/V/1975]; NMNH. Paratypes: 13?, Azuay; Loja; Morona Santiago; Pichincha. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:220. COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:55, fig. 36 (?, st8-9). ECUADOR: Pichincha. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:141. COLOMBIA: Antioquia.

jivaro STARK 2001a:20, figs. 49-53 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Cañar, Río Chaucas, 3 km N Zhud, 2910 m ÁOS FLINT, 17/IX/1990]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3?, Cañar, Azuay.

karina STARK 1999:77, figs. 22-26 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Sucre, Río Cocollar, 1.5 km SE Las Piedras de Cocollar, 810 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, OS FLINT, 7-8/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratypes: 7?.

kitchensi STARK 2001a:21, figs. 54-58 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pastaza, Puyo ÁP SPANGLER, DR GIVENS, 11/V/1977]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?. * STARK 2004:79, fig. 53 (?, st8-9).

kondratieffi STARK 2001a:23, figs. 59-63 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Los Ríos, 56 km N Quevado, Río Palenque Biological Station, 250 m ÁJ COHEN, 28-29/VII/1976]; NMNH. * STARK 2007:172. Pichincha. "Although labels indicate different provinces, the holotype and the new specimen apparently come from the Río Palenque Biological Station".

lacunaris ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1934b):160, fig. 35 (forewing). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: ÁPichincha], Santo Domingo de los Colorados ÁR BENOIST, 1930]; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. * ILLIES 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * STARK 2001:2. Nomen dubium.

lacunosa ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1926a):14. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Bahia; ÁR OBERTHÜR, 1903. Ex Coll. A DAVID+; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. * ILLIES 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.

laminata KLAPÁLEK 1923:23. Syntypes: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul ÁSTIEGELMAYR+; Vienna, missing. * ILLIES 1966:318.

laticeps ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909b):410. Holotype ?: BRAZIL: ParÁ; Warsaw. * ILLIES 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. ZWICK 1973a:488. Synonym of Macrogynoplax guayanensis.

latissima KLAPÁLEK 1921:327. Syntypes, ?: ÁBOLIVIA]: Chaco, 1?; Berlin; 1?, KLAPÁLEK. COLOMBIA: 1? ÁPARZUDACKI, 1842+; Paris.*?+. * ILLIES 1966:318. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:2. Nomen dubium.

lepida KLAPÁLEK 1923:91. Holotype (lacking abdomen): BRAZIL: Mato Grosso; Chapada Ádos Guimarães+ *A ROBERT, XI/1902+; London. * ILLIES 1966:318. * KIMMINS 1970:344. Type in London.

lestagei ÁPeltoperla} (SÁMAL 1921):109, fig. 1 (? terminalia ventral). Two syntypes, ?: PARAGUAY ÁD FIEBRIG]; Berlin, missing. * NAVÁS 1921:263. Translation of SÁMAL 1921 into Latin. * ILLIES 1966:460. Probably Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.

lineata ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1924b):73. Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA. ÁPAUL SERRE, 1921+; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. * ILLIES 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK 1998:572, figs. 61-65 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Guanacaste; San José. MEXICO: Chiapas. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:26, figs. 78-82 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). BELIZE; GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, El Petén, El Progreso, Zacapa; HONDURAS: AtlÁntida, Cortés, Comayagua; MEXICO: Chiapas, MichoacÁn, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz.

sulana NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:112. * ZWICK 1972a:1152 Synonym of A. annulicauda. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:26. Synonym of A. lineata.

litura ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):242, pl. 24, figs. 1-3 (head and pronotum; habitus, wings closed, wings expanded). Holotype: MEXICO; Berlin. * ÁPerla} HAGEN 1861:25. * ILLIES 1966:504. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen oblitum. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1159, fig. 5c (? holotype, penis dorsal, lateral). * ZWICK 1973b:272. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:30, figs. 83-87 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). NICARAGUA: Chontales, Estelí; HONDURAS: AtlÁntida, Olancho; BELIZE; MEXICO: Chiapas, Guerrero, Morelos, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas.

comanche STARK & BAUMANN 1987:345. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.

crenulata JEWETT 1958:171. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.

proxima KLAPÁLEK 1923:21. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.

llana STARK 1995:234, figs. 108-111 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Bolivar, La Escalera, 108 km S Río Cuyuni ÁCM FLINT, OS FLINT, 11-12/II/1976]; NMNH. * STARK 1999:77, fig. 64 (?: st8-9). GUYANA.

longicauda ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):238, pl. 23, figs 1-4 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded; head and pronotum; base of cercus). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL ÁVON LANGSDORFF+; Berlin. * (Neoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909a (nec PICTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1972a):163, fig. 2 (contour of ? subgenital plate). ECUADOR: Balzapamba, Baños. * ,Perla} ILLIES 1966:504. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * (Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1160, fig. 5d (? holotype: terminalia ventral). * ZWICK 1973b:272.

isoscelia ÁNedanta} (NAVÁS 1932c):88. * ILLIES 1966:341. Synonym of Kempnyia varipes. * ZWICK 1972a:1160. Synonym of A. longicauda.

longinqua ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1911):226, fig. 5 (right wings). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Loja ÁA POUJADE, 1909]; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Paris. * ILLIES 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * STARK 2001a:2. Nomen dubium.

loreto STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2001. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA & SIVEC 2001:120, figs. 1-3 (head and pronotum, forewing, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: PERU: Loreto, ca. Nauta ÁW REEVES, 22/III/2001]; NMNH.

lupaca STARK & SIVEC 1998:35, figs. 94-98 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m ÁOS FLINT & N ADAMS, 9-14/IX/1988]; NMNH.

luteicollis ÁPerla} (WALKER 1852):154. Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA; London * ,Macrogynoplax} KLAPÁLEK 1916:73. * ILLIES 1966:344. * KIMMINS 1970:344. ? holotype in London. * STARK & ZWICK 1989:247. Probably not Macrogynoplax. * ÁAnacroneuria} FROEHLICH 2008:128, figs 5-7 (female holotype, head and pronotum, sterna 8-9, terminalia lateral). It does not belong to Macrogynoplax, position uncertain, transferred provisionally to Anacroneuria.

magnirufa JEWETT 1958:162, figs. 3, 3A, 3B (?: head and pronotum, st8; ? hind leg). Holotype, ?: PANAMA, Chiriquí, El VolcÁn *GERTSCH & LUTZ, 26/II/1936]; AMNH. Allotype, ?: HONDURAS ÁW VON HAGEN, 1940]. Paratype: 1?: HONDURAS. * ILLIES 1966:318. * STARK 1998:572, figs. 66-70, 144, 155, 173-174 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details of penis; ?: st8-9). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Guanacaste; Puntarenas. PANAMA: Chiriquí.

major STARK 2001a:24, figs, 64-68 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Azuay, Río Llavinco, 16 km W. Cuenca, 3010 m ÁOS FLINT, 18/IX/1990]; NMNH.

makushi STARK 1999:77, figs. 27-31 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: GUYANA: Kanuku Mountains, Moco Moco River ÁOS FLINT, 29/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?.

manauensis RIBEIRO-FERREIRA 2001. In: RIBEIRO-FERREIRA & FROEHLICH 2001:189, figs. 5-10 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st 8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke ÁUC BARBOSA, 01/I/1989]; Manaus. Paratypes: 1?, 3?. * FROEHLICH 2003:130. Amazonas. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2009:5, figs. 6-10, 26-35 (male habitus, female habitus, head and pronotum, forewing, hindwing; male: terminalia ventral; hammer ventral, lateral; paraproct; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; female: sterna 6-8, sterna 9-10, vaginal sclerite). Male and female redescribed. * RIBEIRO, J.M.F.; MAGALHÃES, C.; RAFAEL, J.A.; HENRIQUES, A.L. 2009:34. Holotype in Manaus.

marca STARK 1998:575, figs. 71-75, 145, 175-176 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details of penis; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Heredia, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrillo, Río Peje, 480 m *R HOLZENTHAL, R BLAHNIK, F MUÑOZ, 29/V/1990]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9?, 18?, Alajuela; Cartago; Puntarenas; San José.

marginata STARK 1998:578, figs. 76-80, 177-178 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis, details of penis). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Maritza, Río Tempisquito, 550 m ÁCM FLINT, OS FLINT, R HOLZENTHAL, 17/VI/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 8?, Guanacaste.

maritza STARK 1998:578, figs. 81-85, 146, 151-152 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9; nymph: head and pronotum, fore femur). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Estación Maritza, Río Tempisquito Á11/II/1989]; NMNH. Paratypes: 24?, 5?.

marlieri FROEHLICH 2001 (partim, ?). In: RIBEIRO-FERREIRA & FROEHLICH 2001:191, figs.11-16 (?: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?, st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke ÁMARLIER, 20/X/1963]; Illies, lost. Paratypes: 3 ?,which belong to A. amazonica FROEHLICH 2003, q.v. * FROEHLICH 2003:130, figs. 1-3 (?: head and pronotum; ?: st8, st9). Amazonas * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2009:7, figs. 11-15, 36-45 (male habitus, female habitus, head and pronotum, forewing, hindwing; male: terminalia ventral; hammer ventral, lateral; paraproct; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; female: sterna 7-8, sterna 9-10, vaginal sclerite). Neotype, male: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, Igarapé Ipiranga *Vidal J & Vidal J, 31/XII/2002]; Manaus. Neotype described, female redescribed. * RIBEIRO, J.M.F.; MAGALHÃES, C.; RAFAEL, J.A.; HENRIQUES, A.L. 2009:34. Neotype in Manaus.

marshalli STARK 2007:172, Figs. 1-5 (head, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Salta, 15 km W Chicoana, Canyado Gotera ÁSA Marshall, II/1992]; Guelph.

marta ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:210, figs. 6-9 (?: st 9, penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Magdalena, Don Diego, 30 m ÁVII]; Carnegie. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:141, figs. 39-40 (?: st9; nymph: head and pronotum).

media ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1915):151. Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pastaza; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:488. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * STARK 2001a:2. Nomen dubium.

melzeri ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1932a):59, fig. 4 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, São Martinho *MELZER, XI/1929+; DEI. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Berlin. * ILLIES 1966:488. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * PETERSEN & GAEDIKE 1968:966. ? holotype in DEI. * ,Anacroneuria} FROEHLICH 2007:16, figs 2-3 (head and pronotum, st8-9). Probably from Mato Grosso do Sul, Porto São Martinho.

menuda STARK 1995:236, figs. 112-116 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Río Agua Blanca, 29 km S Puerto Ayacucho ÁP SPANGLER, W SANCHEZ, 20/II/1986]; NMNH.

meta STARK & ZÚÑIGA 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:29, figs. 66-70, 140 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Meta, Quebrada Blanca, 3 km W Restrepo ÁOS FLINT, 11/II/1983]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?.

mindo ZÚÑIGA & VÁSCONEZ 2006. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:51, figs. 25-29 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Parroquia Mindo, Río Mindo, 1310 m, 00°03'59"S, 78°45'55"W *MC ZÚÑIGA, JJ VÁSCONEZ, RJ CARDOZO-ZÚÑIGA, 20/V/2003]; Cali, pro tempore.

minuta KLAPÁLEK 1922:89. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: ParÁ; Japagos (sic) *Tapajós+ and Santarém ÁBATES]; London. * ILLIES 1966:319. * KIMMINS 1970:345. Á? lectotype, 1? paralectotype, FROEHLICH designated i.l., 1968+; London. * RIBEIRO-FERREIRA & FROEHLICH 2001:188, figs. 1-4 (?: head and pronotum, penis lateral, ventral; ?: st8-9). Amazonas. * FROEHLICH 2002b:80, figs. 18-21 (?, head and pronotum, hammer, penis). Amazonas. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2009:2, figs. 1-5, 16-25 (male habitus, female habitus, head and pronotum, forewing, hindwing; male: terminalia ventral; hammer ventral, lateral; paraproct; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; female: sterna 7-8, sterna 9-10, vaginal sclerite). Male and female redescribed from new material.

mixteca STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:32, figs. 88-92 (?: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Oaxaca, 145 km N Oaxaca ÁJ.E.H. MARTIN, 22/V/1969]; Ottawa.

moche STARK & SIVEC 1998:38, figs. 99-102 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: San Martin, Hera, 15 km SE Myobamba, Río Mayo-Río Jera junction. *F WOYTKOWSKI, 03/VI/1947]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?, HuÁnuco.

mochica STARK & SIVEC 1998:38, figs. 103-107 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 14-23/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?. * STARK 2004:79, fig. 54 (?, st8-9). Putative ?.

mollis KLAPÁLEK 1922:92. Perla hyalina PICTET 1841:249. (partim). Syntypes: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo; 4 damaged ?; Berlin; 1? Rio de Janeiro; Teresópolis, *27/IX/1897+; London; 1?, Teresópolis *22/IX/1897+; Greifswald. * ILLIES 1966:319. * ZWICK 1972a:1158. Synonym of Anacroneuria hyalina.

montera STARK & SIVEC 1998:41, figs. 108-113 (head and pronotum; ?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype ?: PERU: Loreto, Iquitos ÁFJ HERMANN, 16/IV/1944]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA & SIVEC 2001:121. COLOMBIA: Amazonas. PERU: Loreto. * STARK 2004:80. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA & SIVEC 2001:121. FROEHLICH 2008:129. Synonym of A. atrifrons.

CO-1 STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:42. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA & SIVEC 2001. Belongs to A. montera.

morena STARK & ZÚÑIGA. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:30, figs. 71-75 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype ?; COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca, Zipaquira-Pacho ÁJA RAMOS, 06/III/1965]; NMNH.

morio ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):272, pl. 30, figs. 1-5 (habitus, wings closed; habitus, wings expanded; leg; part of cercus; right fore wing). Holotype ?: COLOMBIA ÁMORITZ]; Berlin. * ÁPerla} ILLIES 1966:505. Perhaps a Notonemourinae. Nomen oblitum. * ÁAnacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1162. * ZWICK 1973b:272. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA, 1999:45. Nomen dubium. * FROEHLICH 2008:129. Position uncertain, probably not Anacroneuria.

muesca STARK 1995:236, figs. 122-126 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Aragua, Est. Exp. Cataurito, 32 km E Villa de Cura ÁOS FLINT, 28/I/1983+; NMNH. * MALDONADO, STARK & CRESSA 2002:225, figs. 15-17 (nymph: head and pronotum, terminalia, fore femur, cercus). Mérida. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:235, figs. 27-29 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral).

munchique ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:211, figs. 10-14 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Parque Natural Nacional Munchique, La Romelia, 63 km W PopayÁn, Quebrada San JuliÁn, cuenca alta del Río San Joaquín, 1930 m *MC ZÚÑIGA, RJ CARDOSO-ZÚÑIGA, G MILLÁN, Y GUZMAN, 5-7/IV/1998]; Cali. Paratypes: 27?: Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:142. Caldas, Risaralda.

naomi NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:115, pl 12, figs. 6, 6A (wings; ? terminalia). Holotype, ?: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Senahú ÁCHAMPION+; Cornell. * JEWETT 1958:162. GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz. Description of ? and doubtful ?. * ILLIES 1966:319. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:33, figs. 93-97 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). GUATEMALA; MEXICO: Oaxaca.

nazca STARK & SIVEC 1998:41, figs. 114-117 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Junin, Tarma, Utcuyacu, Agua Dulce, 1600-2400 m ÁF WOYTKOWSKI, 02/III/1948]; NMNH.

nigrocincta ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET, partim, 1841):236, pl.22, figs.5-8 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded, head and pronotum, base of cercus). Syntypes: 1?, 2?, MEXICO; Berlin, 1 ?; Paris. * ÁPerla} HAGEN 1861:24. * ,Pseudoperla} BANKS 1901:362. MEXICO: Morelos, Veracruz. * ÁNeoperla} ENDERLEIN 1909b (nec PICTET 1841):413. 1?, COLOMBIA: Tolima, Natagaima. * ÁAnacroneuria} NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927 (nec PICTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1972a):113, figs. 3-3B (?: st9; ?: subgenital plate, st9, 2 specimens). MEXICO; GUATEMALA; NICARAGUA; COSTA RICA; BELIZE; BRAZIL: Mato Grosso; Rio de Janeiro. * COSTA LIMA 1939:105. BRAZIL: no material. * JEWETT 1958 (nec PICTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1972a):164. MEXICO; GUATEMALA; uncertain: COSTA RICA, PANAMA. * ILLIES 1966:319. * ZWICK 1972a:1162, fig. 6f (? lectotype, terminalia ventral). Lectotype designated, ?: MEXICO; Berlin. Synonym of A. annulicauda, partim, as one ? syntype is not nigrocincta. The ? syntype is missing. * ZWICK 1973b:272. MEXICO; previous records of other areas are uncertain! * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:33.

nigrolineata JEWETT 1958:163, figs. 4, 4A, 4B (head and pronotum, st8, hind leg). Holotype, ?: MEXICO; INHS.Paratype: 1?. * ILLIES 1966:319. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:33, figs. 98-102 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). MEXICO: Guerrero, Sonora.

novateutonia JEWETT 1959a:158, figs. 6, 6A (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia *PLAUMANN, I/1956]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 4?, 147?. * ILLIES 1966:320. * FROEHLICH 2002b:82, figs. 22-26 (?, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Santa Catarina, ParanÁ; ARGENTINA: Entre Ríos, Misiones.

ocellata ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1926b):90, fig. 5 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Cali ÁSTIEGELMAYR & BANG-HAAS]; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:489. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA, 1999:46. Nomen dubium.

ochracea KLAPÁLEK 1923:23. Syntypes: 1?: MEXICO: Hurrhi Huitle ÁBILIMEK, 1871]; Vienna; 1?: Nexaca; DEI. * ILLIES 1966:320. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:1. Nomen dubium.

oculatila JEWETT 1959a:152, figs 5, 5A (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutônia *PLAUMANN, XI/1956]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype. Paratypes: 5?, 15?. * ILLIES 1966:320. * FROEHLICH 2002b:83, figs. 27-31 (?: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones.

ofaye FROEHLICH 2007:16, figs. 4-9 (?: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: head and pronotum, st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso do Sul, Costa Rica, Fazenda Santo Antônio *SA VANIN, 21-27/X/1984+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1?, 3?.

ohausiana ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):164, fig. 3 (?, contour of subgenital plate). Syntypes: 1?, 1?: ECUADOR: Loja. ÁOHAUS, 19/VIII/1905]: Warsaw. * ,Anacroneuria} JEWETT 1959b:110. ECUADOR: Cuenca, El Oro; PERU: HuÁnuco; Cusco. * ,Neoperla} ILLIES 1966:489. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK, 1973a:487, figs. 21, 22 (?, penis dorsal, lateral). Designated ? lectotype; ? syntype may belong to another species. Comments on JEWETT 1959b. * STARK 2001a:25. Comments on ZWICK 1973a.

longicauda ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):163 (partim). 2?: ECUADOR: Baños. * ZWICK 1973a:487. Belongs to A. ohausiana.

olmec STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:37, figs.103-107 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Veracruz, Fortín de las Flores, Cervecería Moctezuma ÁD RABAGO, 26/VI/1964]; Gainesville. Paratypes: 26?, 150?; Puebla, Veracruz.

oreja ZÚÑIGA & STARK 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:31, figs. 76-80 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Río Azul, cuenca media Río Calima, 550 m *AM ROJAS, M BAENA, R ALDANA, 21/II/1994+; Cali. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:142. Antioquia.

orphana ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1918):84. Holotype (lacking terminalia): ARGENTINA: Misiones; La Plata. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata). * ,Anacroneuria} ILLIES 1964b:230. Type in bad condition. * ILLIES 1966:489. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.

otun STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2007. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:129, figs. 6-10 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Pereira, Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados, El JordÁn, Río Otún headwater basin, 3100 m, N 04° 42' 32?, W 75° 29' 37? *MC ZÚÑIGA, W CARDONA, G ZABALA, CARDOZO-ZÚÑIGA, 27-28/VI/2006]; Cali. Paratypes: 3?.

pacaje STARK & SIVEC 1998:41, figs. 118-121 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: La Paz, Yungas, Río Mururrata to Suapi, 1400-1600 m ÁLE PEÑA, 28/XI/1984]; NMNH.

pachacuti STARK & SIVEC 1998:45, figs. 122-126 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, pte. San Pedro, 1600 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 02-03/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?, Cusco; 3?, Junin; 1 ?, BOLIVIA, Cochabamba; 41?, La Paz.

pacifica ROJAS & BAENA 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:32, figs. 81-85 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Alto AnchicayÁ, 700 m *AM ROJAS, A RAMOS, 12/V/1994]; Cali. Paratypes: 3?. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:235, figs. 30-32 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:142. Antioquia, Valle del Cauca.

paez ZÚÑIGA & STARK 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:33, figs. 86-90 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Caldono, cuenca media Río Ovejas, 1430 m ÁY BALLESTEROS, J LOAIZA, 15/IX/1993]; Cali. Paratype: 1?.

paisa ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2006. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:52, figs. 30-34 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Antioquia, Município de Medellín, Parque Ecológico Piedras Blancas, Quebrada Matasano, 2350 m, 06°16'22"N, 75°30'06"W *MC ZÚÑIGA, JA POSADA, AJ CARDOZO-ZÚÑIGA, 13/X/2002+; Cali. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:143.

pakitza STARK & SIVEC 1998:45, figs. 127-132 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 14-23/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9?, 2?, Madre de Dios; Cusco.

paleta STARK 1995:236, figs. 122-126 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Mérida, 4 km S Santo Domingo ÁCM FLINT, OS FLINT, 19-23/II/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 6?, Mérida, Barinas. * STARK 1999:80. Trujillo. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:41, figs. 134-139 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, as A. sobra). COLOMBIA: Santander. * MALDONADO, STARK & CRESSA 2002:227, figs. 18-20 (Nymph: head and pronotum, terminalia, forefemur, cercus). Mérida.

pallens KLAPÁLEK 1922:93. Syntypes 1?, 1?: COLOMBIA: BogotÁ *LINDIG]; Berlin, now Prague. * ILLIES 1966:320. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:20, figs. 15-19 (?: st9, penis ventral, lateral,dorsal; ?: st 8). Male lectotype, ? paralectotype designated.

pallida JEWETT 1958:161, fig. 2 (?, st8-9). Holotype, ?: GUATEMALA: Chimaltenango, Yepocapa, 1460 m ÁRL WENZEL, 12/V/1948]; Field. Paratypes: 4?. Chimaltenango, Zacapa; MEXICO: Chiapas. * ILLIES 1966:320. * HARPER 1992:117, fig. 6 (putative ?: penis dorsal, lateral). PANAMA: San Blas. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:38, figs. 108-109 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Unlikely that the "putative male" of HARPER 1992 is A. pallida.

pareja STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:38, figs. 110-114 (?: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, San Cristobal ÁD KRITSCH, 24/VII/1969]; Ottawa. Paratype: 1?.

paria STARK 1999:80, figs. 32-37, 54 (head and pronotum, forewing; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Sucre, Río Cocollar, 1.5 km SE Las Piedras de Cocollar, 810 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, OS FLINT, 7-8/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratypes: 18?.

parilobata KLAPÁLEK 1922:90. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Bahia ÁV.D. WEELE]; Prague. * ILLIES 1966:320.

parva STARK 2001a:25, figs, 69-73 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Napo, 5 km N Lago Agrio ÁA LANGLEY, 26/IX/1975]; NMNH.

pastaza STARK 2001a:26, figs. 74-80 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pastaza, Río Cononaco, 113 km SE Limoncocha ÁJ COHEN, 28/V/1976]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1?, 2?, Pastaza; Napo. * FROEHLICH 2003:130, figs. 4-6 (?: head and pronotum, st8-9; egg). BRAZIL: Amazonas. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004 c:192, figs. 1-7 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral lateral; ?: st 8-9, egg). BRAZIL: GoiÁs.

pastora STARK & CARDONA 2007. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:129, figs. 11-15 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Pereira, Parque Regional Natural Ucumarí, Estación La Pastora, Río Otún headwater basin, 2400 m, N 04° 42' 32?, W 75° 29' 37? *MC ZÚÑIGA, W CARDONA, G ZABALA, C CULTID, 11/III/2007]; Cali.

paulina ÁCoeloperla} (NAVÁS 1936):728, fig. 16 (head and pronotum, st9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo; Alto da Serra ÁR. SPITZ, XI/1928+; São Paulo. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type in São Paulo. * ILLIES 1966:475. Genus nomen dubium; species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} FROEHLICH 2004:56, figs. 8-15 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, lateral, ventral; ?: st8, st9, contour of subgenital plate of second ?).

payagua FROEHLICH 2007:22, figs 15-20 (?: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: head and pronotum, st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso do Sul, Rio Salobra, 20°41'35"S, 56°44'26"W *O FROEHLICH, 16-21/III/2004+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 14?.

pehlkei ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):170, fig. 7 (contour of ? subgenital plate) Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: ÁTolima], Natagaima ÁE PEHLKE]; Warsaw. * ,Anacroneuria} (pehlke) JEWETT 1959b Ánot ENDERLEIN 1909a, fide ZWICK 1973a]:106 fig 1, 1A (head and pronotum; hind leg). PERU: HuÁnuco, Tingo María.* ILLIES 1966:321. * ZWICK 1973a:482, fig. 10 (? holotype, st8-9). * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:20. Comments.

pellucida KLAPÁLEK 1922:94. Syntypes: 3?: PERU: Vilcanota and Marcapata; KlapÁlek; 3?: BOLIVIA: Chaco; Berlin Ámissing]; 2?: Río Juntas, Greifswald *missing+. * ILLIES 1966:321. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:48, fig. 133 (? syntype, Prague, st8-9).

pequena STARK 1995:215, figs. 12-18, 46, 49 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal, detail of penis; ?: st8-9; egg, detail of egg). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, basecamp, 140 m ÁD DAVIS, T MCCABE, 1-10/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 11?, 12?.

perija STARK 1999:80, figs. 38-42 (head and pronotum; ?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Zulia, Parque Nacional Perija, Río Negro, Toromo, 360 m *R HOLZENTHAL, C CRESSA, RINCÓN, 15/I/1994]; NMNH.

perplexa STARK 1998:582, figs. 86-90, 179-180 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details of penis). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Limón, Río Barbilla, ca. 8 km W B-line, 30 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, J MORSE, W FASTH, 31/I/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 13?: Limón; Puntarenas; San José. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:38, figs. 115-119 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). BELIZE, GUATEMALA: Izabal; HONDURAS: AtlÁntida, Comayagua, Cortés; MEXICO: Chiapas, Tabasco.

dilaticollis; NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927 (not BURMEISTER 1839):117, partim. Fide STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:38.

perpusilla KLAPÁLEK 1921:326. Holotype, ?: PERU: Marcapata; Prague. * ILLIES 1966:321. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:48, figs. 134-137 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype redescribed. PERU: Madre de Dios.

peruviana ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1915):150. Holotype, ?: PERU: Loreto, Iquitos, Beloco ÁA CABRERA , V/1912]; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:489. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:2. Nomen dubium.

petersi FROEHLICH 2002b:97, figs. 77-81 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo; Santo André, Estação Biológica de Paranapiacaba *CG FROEHLICH, 15/X/1963+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1?, São Paulo; 1?, ParanÁ. * FROEHLICH 2004:58. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:102, figs. 11-13 (penis dorsal, ventral, lateral).

phantoma ÁNeoperla} (BANKS 1914):609. Holotype, ?: GUYANA: Mallali ÁPARISH, March+; MCZ. * ILLIES 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK 1999:83, figs. 43-47 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). GUYANA.

pictipes KLAPÁLEK 1923:21. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: AmapÁ, Alto Rio Calçoene (as Haut-Carsevenne, Guyane) ÁF. GEAY, 1898+; Paris, now in Prague. * ILLIES 1966: 321. * STARK 1999:83, figs. 48-53, 55 (?, head and pronotum, forewing, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ? holotype, st8-9). GUYANA.

pinza STARK 1995:216, figs. 19-25 (head and pronotum; ?: st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp IV, 760 m ÁOS FLINT, 15-18/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 7 ?, 10?.

pistacina ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):166, fig. 4 (?, contour of subgenital plate). Syntypes, 2? Á1 as ?]: ECUADOR: Balzapamba ÁR HAENSCH]; Warsaw. * ENDERLEIN 1909b:406. Key. * ILLIES 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK, 1973a:481, fig. 6 (?, st8-9). Designated ? lectotype, ? paralectotype. * STARK 2001a:27. Comments on ZWICK 1973a.

plagata ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1926b):91, fig. 6 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Agnatal ÁSTIEGELMAYR & BANG-HAAS]; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * (plagiata) ILLIES 1966: 490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA, 1999:46. Nomen dubium.

planada BAENA & ROJAS 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:34, figs. 91-95 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Nariño, Reserva Natural La Planada, 1400 m ÁF ESCOBAR, IV/1994]; Cali. Paratypes: 1?, Nariño; 1?, Valle del Cauca. * STARK 2001:27. ECUADOR: Napo. Describes ?. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:221. COLOMBIA: Nariño.

planicollis KLAPÁLEK 1923:22. Syntypes: 4?, 3?: MEXICO: Sierra do Naya Á=de Napa] ÁL DIGUET, 1898]; Vienna; Paris; Brussels. 1?: COSTA RICA: San Mateu; Berlin. * ILLIES 1966:321. * STARK 1998:582, figs. 91-95, 147 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Of extant syntypes, one ? designated as lectotype, 1 ? as paralectotype: MEXICO; Prague. COSTA RICA: Monteverde; Alajuela; Puntarenas. MEXICO. NICARAGUA: Nueva Segovia. PANAMA: Chiriquí. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:41, figs. 120-124 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). BELIZE; GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, El Progreso, Chiquimula; MEXICO: Chiapas, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, MichoacÁn, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Veracruz.

chiapasa JEWETT 1958:172. * STARK 1998:582. Synonym of A. planicollis.

dampfi JEWETT 1958:165. * STARK 1998:582. Synonym of A. planicollis.

quadriloba JEWETT 1958:166 (partim) * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004. The ? allotype is A. planicollis.

plaumanni JEWETT 1959a:154, fig. 13 (? head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutônia *PLAUMANN, XI/1955]; CAS. Allotype, ?: same data as holotype but X/1956. Paratypes: 2?. * ILLIES 1966:321. * FROEHLICH 2002b:85, figs. 32-38 (? allotype, head and pronotum; ?: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ? holotype, st8-9; A. ampla, ? holotype, st8-9; egg.). Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones. * DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:56. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

ampla JEWETT 1959a:156. * FROEHLICH 2002b:85. Synonym of A. plaumanni.

plutonis ÁNeoperla} (BANKS 1914):610, pl. 28, fig. 10 (?, contour of subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: ÁGuanacaste] La Trinidad, ÁAlajuela+ Turrúcares and *Cartago] Orosí ÁGARLEPP]; MCZ. * ILLIES 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK 1998:583, figs. 96-100, 148, 157, 181-182 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral, details of penis; ?: st8-9). COSTA RICA: Alajuela; Cartago; Guanacaste; Puntarenas; San José.

tristani ÁForquilla} (NAVÁS 1932d):29. * STARK 1998:583. Synonym of A. plutonis.

polita ÁPerla}(BURMEISTER 1839):879. Holotype, ? (not ?): BRAZIL; Halle. * ,Perla (Perla)} PICTET 1841:271, pl. 28, figs. 5-9 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded; leg, part of cercus, right fore wing). * ,Perla} ILLIES 1966:507. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium et oblitum. * ÁAnacroneuria} ZWICK 1972a:1163, fig. 5a (? holotype, penis dorsal, lateral, ventral). * ZWICK 1973b:272. * FROEHLICH 2002b:85, figs. 39-44 (? holotype, head and pronotum; ?: hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Santa Catarina; ParanÁ. ARGENTINA: Misiones. * FROEHLICH 2004:58. São Paulo. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:98, figs. 1-3 (penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). São Paulo.

portilla STARK & ROJAS 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:35, figs. 96-100 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Cauca, 18 km N PopayÁn, 1800 m *JF CLARKE, 26/I/1959]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?. * STARK 2001a:28. ECUADOR: Loja; Napo; Pichincha. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:221. COLOMBIA: Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:56, fig. 37 (putative ?, st8-9). Valle del Cauca, Cauca.

posticata ÁNeoperla} (BANKS 1913):85. Holotype: BRAZIL: Rondônia; Abunã, Rio Madeira ÁMANN+; MCZ. * (postica) ILLIES 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.

profunda ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1921):262. Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Mendoza ÁMATILDE BRUCH, I-II/1918]; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * ,Anacroneuria} ILLIES 1964b:231. * ILLIES 1966:490. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium.

proxima KLAPÁLEK 1923:21. Syntypes: 1?, 1?: COSTA RICA: Surrubres; DEI; 1 ?, MEXICO; Berlin. * ILLIES 1966:322. * STARK 1998:603. Syntypes missing. Nomen dubium. * STARK & SIVEC 2001:36, figs. 1-2 (head and pronotum, st8-9). Lectotype designated, ? from MEXICO; Prague. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:30. Synonym of A. litura.

dilaticollis ÁPerla} (PICTET 1841):240 (partim). Fide KLAPÁLEK 1923:21.

crenulata JEWETT 1958:171. * STARK & SIVEC 2001:36. Synonym of A. proxima.

pucallpa STARK 2004:73, figs. 28-32 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Loreto, Pucallpa ÁP SPANGLER, P SPANGLER, 10-12/IV/1969]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?, Pasco.

puna STARK 2001a:28, figs. 81-84 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Cotopaxi, San Francisco de las Pampas, Otonga, 2000 m ÁE TAPIA, G ONORE, C YOUNG, 30-31/VII/1993+; Carnegie. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:218, figs. 32-36 (head and pronotum, ?: st8-9; ?: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:143. Antioquia.

quadriloba JEWETT 1958:166, figs 7, 7A (?, head and pronotum; st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Vera Cruz, Metlac ÁHH HOBBS & FN YOUNG, 26/XII/1940]; Field. Allotype, ?: Same data as holotype. Paratypes: 17?, 5?, Chiapas, Vera Cruz. * ILLIES 1966:322. * HARPER 1992 (nec JEWETT):117, fig. 3 (? penis dorsal, lateral). PANAMA. Synonym of Anacroneuria annulipalpis, fide STARK 1998:557. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:44, figs. 125-132 (head and pronotum; ?: st9: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur, cercus). GUATEMALA: Chiquimula, Suchitepéquez, Alta Verapaz; MEXICO: Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz. The ? allotype is A. planicollis.

quechua STARK & SIVEC 1998:51, figs. 138-142 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, pte. San Pedro, ca. 50 km NW Pilcopata, 1600 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 23/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratype, ?: HuÁnuco.

quetzalcoatl STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:44, figs. 133-137 (?: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, 16 km NE San Cristobal de las Casas ÁHJ TESKEY, 25/V/1969]; Ottawa.

quijo STARK 2001a:29, figs. 85-91 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9) Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Napo, 5 km N Lago Agrio ÁA LANGLEY, 26/IX/1975]; NMNH.

quilla STARK & ZÚÑIGA 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:35, Figs. 101-104, 149 (?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Termales de Santa Rosa de Cabal ÁOS FLINT, 29/II/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?, 4?, Valle del Cauca. * STARK 2001a:30. ECUADOR: Azuay; Carchi; Zamora Chinchipe. * ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:221. COLOMBIA: Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Risaralda. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:56. Caldas. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:143. Risaralda.

quimbaya ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2007. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:132, figs. 16-20 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Pereira, Parque Regional Natural Ucumarí, Estación La Pastora, Río Otún headwater basin, 2400 m, N 04° 42' 32?, W 75° 29' 37? *MC ZÚÑIGA, W CARDONA, G ZABALA, C CULTID, 10-11/III/2007]; Cali. Paratypes: 4?.

ramealis ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1927):67, fig. 5 Áapex of forewing]. Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: ÁCundinamarca], FusagasugÁ; Villavicencio ÁH APOLINAR MARIA, 1918]; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:491. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA, 1999:45. Nomen dubium.

ratcliffei STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:50, figs. 138-142 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Chiapas, 8 km N IxhuatÁn *B RATCLIFFE & C MESSENGER, 16/IX/1985]; Nebraska. Paratypes: 2?, 6?. Other material: 1?, Veracruz.

rawlinsi STARK 2001a:31, figs. 92-95 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Morona Santiago, Río Culebrillas, 34 km SE Gualaceo, 2200 m ÁJ RAWLINS, C YOUNG, R DAVIDSON, 22-23/X/1987]; Carnegie.

reedi ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1919a):4. Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: TucumÁn ÁCS REED]; La Plata. * NAVÁS 1919b:5, fig. 1 (holotype: pronotum, forewing, apex of hindwing). * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata) * ÁAnacroneuria} ILLIES 1964b:231. * ,Neoperla} ILLIES 1966:491. Probably an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ,Anacroneuria} CABO & WAIS. 1988:10. Catamarca.

regleta STARK & ROJAS 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:36, figs. 105-109 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Meta, Quebrada Blanca, 3 km W Restrepo ÁOS FLINT, 11/II/1983]; NMNH. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:235, figs. 33-35 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). ECUADOR: Zamora-Chinchipe, Carchi.

ricki ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:215, figs. 20-24 (head and pronotum; ?: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Buenaventura, Río Escaletete, Cuenca Río San Cipriano, 150 m, 16 km SE Córdoba *MC ZÚÑIGA, F MUÑOZ-QUESADA, G GUEVARA, C MATHURIAU, 01/XII/1997]; Cali. Paratypes: 25?, 15?. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:56. ECUADOR: Esmeraldas.

rondoniae FROEHLICH 2002b:97, figs. 82-86 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rondônia, creek 8 km S Cacaul}ndia *D PETR, 21/XI/1991]; NMNH. Paratypes: 7?, 5?.

rosita STARK & ROJAS 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:38, figs. 110-114 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: CaquetÁ, Morelia, Río Bodoquero, 430 m ÁDUCKWORTH & DIETZ, 19-20/I/1969+; NMNH. * STARK 2001a:32. ECUADOR: Pastaza.

rossi STARK 2004:74, figs. 33-34 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: HuÁnuco, 69 km E Tingo María *EI SCHLINGER, ES ROSS, 18/XI/1954]; CAS.

rugosa STARK 2001a 32, figs. 96-100 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pichincha, Via Puerto-Quito km 113 ÁJ COHEN, 24/VI/1970]; NMNH.

saltensis FROEHLICH 2002b:98, figs. 87-92 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype ?: ARGENTINA: Salta, Pena Baya, Cañada La Gotera ÁOS FLINT, 16-17/X/1973]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1?, 5?.

schmidti ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909a):169, fig. 6 (?, contour of subgenital plate). Syntypes: ECUADOR: Baños, 1? ÁE SCHMIDT, R HAENSCH, 03/VI/1899]; Balzapamba, 2? ÁE SCHMIDT, R HAENSCH, 11/VI/1899, 11/VII/1899+; Warsaw. * ÁAnacroneuria} JEWETT 1959b:109. VENEZUELA: Amazonas; ECUADOR: Pichincha; PERU: HuÁnuco. * ,Neoperla} ILLIES 1966:491. JEWETT 1959b doubtfully ENDERLEIN 1909a; species inquirenda.* ,Anacroneuria} ZWICK 1973a:480, fig. 5 (? holotype, st8-9). ECUADOR: Holotype, ?: Balzapamba, 11/VII/1899; paratypes: 2?, Balzapamba; Baños, 3/VI/1899. JEWETT 1959b doubtfully ENDERLEIN 1909a. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:20. Comments. * STARK 2001a:33. Comments.

variegata KLAPÁLEK 1921:325. * ZWICK 1973a:480. Synonym of A. schmidti.

segnini STARK & MALDONADO 2002. In: MALDONADO, STARK, CRESSA 2002:221, figs. 1-9 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; nymph: head, pronotum, terminalia; fore femur; cercus). Holotype, ?, reared: VENEZUELA: Mérida, Quebrada La Astillera, 1260 m, 8°33'05"N, 71°13'36"W *V MALDONADO, S SEGNINI, M CHACÓN, R RIVERA, A PEÑA, I CORREA, 06/IV/2000]; Maracay. Paratype: 1?, reared.

senahu STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:50, figs. 143-147 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Finca Trece Aguas, Senahú, 800 m ÁM DIX, 28/XII/1980]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?.

shamatari STARK 1995:219, figs. 26-36, 50 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg; nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur, mesal cercal segments, apical cercal segments). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp IV, 760 m ÁOS FLINT, 15-18/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 12?, 26?, 7 nymphs.

shepardi STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:51, figs. 148-152 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: BELIZE: Cayo District, Macal River, 9.3 km S Augustine ÁWD SHEPARD, 06/I/1996]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3?, 1?. BELIZE; HONDURAS: Comayagua; MEXICO: Chiapas.

signata ÁPerla} (WALKER 1852):157. VENEZUELA ÁColl. DYSON+; London. * ILLIES 1966:507. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ÁAnacroneuria} KIMMINS 1970:349. ? lectotype in London. * STARK 1995:243. ? holotype redescribed.

socapa STARK & ZÚÑIGA 1999.In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:38, figs. 115-118 (st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Termales de Santa Rosa de Cabal ÁOS FLINT, 29/II/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1?, Risaralda; 1?, Antioquia. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:235, figs.6, 36-38, 43 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral, detail; ?, st 8-9). Cauca, Valle del Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:56. Antioquia, Cauca. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:143, fig. 41 (head and pronotum). Risaralda.

sonora STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:51, figs. 153-157 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Sonora, Maycoba River, Hwy 16 W Maycoba ÁRW BAUMANN, BC KONDRATIEFF, S WELLS, B SARGENT, 29/VI/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 5?, 7?.

spangleri STARK 2001a:34, figs. 101-107 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype ?: ECUADOR: Pichincha, 29 km W Santo Domingo de los Colorados ÁP SPANGLER, 06/V/1975]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9?, 34?, Pichincha; Los Ríos.

spectori STARK 2004:74, figs. 35-39 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, Parque Nacional Amboró, 2030 m, 17°50'14"S, 64°23'38"W *S SPECTOR, J LEDEZMA, 20/X/2001]; AMNH (pro tempore). Paratypes: 4?.

stanjewetti FROEHLICH 2002b:93, figs. 71-76 (head and pronotum; ?, hammer, penis; ?, st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia *F PLAUMANN]; CAS. Paratypes: 8?, 11?. Santa Catarina; ARGENTINA: Entre Ríos; Misiones. * DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:56. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul. * FROEHLICH 2008:130, figs. 12-15 ( head and pronotum, penis dorsal, lateral; female: st 8-9). A. atrifrons "cotypes" of Hamburg (WEIDNER 1962).

starki FENOGLIO & MORISI 2001a:312, figs. 1-6 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: NICARAGUA: Zelaya, Cerro Saslaya (13.44°N, 85.01°W), 700 m ÁJM MAES, IV/1996]; Carmagnola. Paratypes: 5?, 16?. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:56, figs. 158-162 (head and pronotum; ?, st 9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). HONDURAS: Olancho; NICARAGUA: Zelaya.

subcostalis KLAPÁLEK 1921:326. Syntypes, 2?: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo; Vienna; Berlin, missing, but 2? in Vienna.* JEWETT 1960b:174. Amazonas, Rio de Janeiro. * ILLIES 1966:322. * FROEHLICH 2002b:86, figs. 45-46 (?, st8-9; egg). Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo. JEWETT's specimens from Amazonas very doubtfully A. subcostalis. * FROEHLICH 2004:59, figs. 16-21 (?: st9, hammer, penis lateral and dorsal; ?: st8, st9). Comments. São Paulo. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:99. São Paulo.

sulana NEEDHAM & BROUGHTON 1927:112, pl. 12, figs 2, 2A, 2B (subgenital plate, two specimens, egg). Holotype, ?: BELIZE: Río Santa Ana *KARL P SCHMIDT]; Cornell. Paratypes: MEXICO: Vera Cruz, Paso del Macho; Chinadaga and Sula *?+. * JEWETT 1958:163. MEXICO: Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Oaxaca; GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz; PANAMA: Chiriquí. ? and ? described. * ILLIES 1966:322. * ZWICK 1972a:1152. Synonym of A. annulicauda. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:26. Synonym of A. lineata.

tachira STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:231, figs. 4, 7-12 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, part of dorsal, detail; ?: st 8-9). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: TÁchira, tributary to Río Valle, 3.8 km SE El Zumbador, 2730 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, C CRESSA, GUTIC, 21/IV/1995] Paratypes: 6?, 1?.

sp.A MALDONADO, STARK & CRESSA 2002:230. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:231. Belongs to A. tachira.

takutu STARK 2000:306, figs. 1-7 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: GUYANA: Mazaruni-Potaro, Takutu Mountains, 6°15'N, 59°6'W *Earthwatch Expedition, PJ SPANGLER, WE STEINER, 5-17/XII/1983]; NMNH. Paratypes: 7?.

talamanca STARK 1998:585, figs. 101-105, 149 (head and pronotum; ?: st 9, penis ventral, lateral,dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: San José, Reserva Biologica Carara, Río Carara, 200 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, F MUÑOZ, J HUISMAN, 14/III/1991]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?, Heredia; 1?, 3?; PANAMA: Bocas del Toro. * FENOGLIO & MORISI 2001b:7, figs. 1-2 (head and pronotum, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). NICARAGUA: Río San Juan.

tatama STARK & CARDONA 2007. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:134, figs. 21-26 (head and pronotum; ?: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8; egg). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Santuario, Parque Municipal Natural Planes de San Rafael, Río San Rafael middle basin, bridge, 2050 m, N 05° 07' 38?, W 76° 00' 08? ÁMC ZÚÑIGA, W CARDONA, A LAINA, G ZABALA, C CULTID, 15-16/VII/2007]. Paratypes: 3?, 4?.

taylori STARK 2004:75, figs. 40-44 (head and pronotum; ?: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Manu, Pakitza, 250 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 09/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: Madre de Dios, 1?. BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz, 2?.

tayrona ZÚÑIGA & TAMARIS 2007. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:134, figs. 27-31 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Magdalena, Municipio de Santa Marta, Parque Nacional Natural Sierra Nevada Santa Marta, Estación San Lorenzo, Río Gaira headwater basin, 1560 m, N 11° 10' 02?, W 74° 10' 41? *C TAMARIS, R TURRIZO, 01/IX/2004]; Cali. Paratypes: 10?.

tejon BAENA & STARK 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:39, figs. 119-123 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Nariño, Reserva Natural La Planada, 1400 m ÁF ESCOBAR, IV/1994]; Cali. Paratype: 1?, Valle del Cauca.

tena STARK 2001a:35, figs. 108-111 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Napo, Tena, 520 m ÁOS FLINT, 10-13/IX/1990]; NMNH.

timote STARK 1999:83, figs. 56-60 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Tachira, Quebrada Los Mirtos, 8 km S El Cobre, 2400 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, C CRESSA, GUTIC, 22/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4?.

tincta ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1916b):63, fig. 4 Áapex of forewing, hind wing]. Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA. ÁFr. APOLLINARIS, 1915+; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:492. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ÁAnacroneuria}STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA, 1999:45. Nomen dubium.

tinctilamella JEWETT 1959a:154, figs. 7, 7A (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutônia *PLAUMANN, XI/1955]; CAS. Paratypes: ?. Putative ?. * ILLIES 1966:322. * FROEHLICH 2002b:88, figs. 47-49 (?, st8-9; egg, Santa Catarina; egg, Misiones). Santa Catarina; uncertain: ParanÁ. ARGENTINA: Misiones.

tinga BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004c:194, figs. 13-17 (head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Material. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: GoiÁs, Colinas do Sul, Serra da Mesa, 14°01'S, 48°12'W ÁSILVESTRE, DIETZ, CAMPANER, 2-15/XII/1995+; São Paulo.

tiwanaku STARK 2004:76, figs. 45-46 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: BOLIVIA: La Paz, Yungas La Paz, Río Murarrata to Suapi, 1400-1600 m ÁLE PEÑA G, 26-28/XI/1984]; NMNH.

toni ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:213, figs. 15-19 (head and pronotum; ?: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Cauca, Municipio de InzÁ, Quebrada San Andrés, Cuenca Río Paez, 1 km S San Andrés de PisimbalÁ, 1730 m *MC ZÚÑIGA, F MUÑOZ-QUESADA, JH LÓPEZ, 20/XII/1997]; Cali. Paratypes: 17?, 29?.

toriba FROEHLICH 2002b:100, figs. 97-100 (?, head and pronotum, hammer, penis). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo; Campos do Jordão *J LANE, XII/1945]; NMNH.

tornada STARK 1998:585, figs. 106-110 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype ?: COSTA RICA: Cartago, Reserva Tapanti, Quebrada Palmitos, 1400 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, R BLAHNIK, F MUÑOZ, 2/VI/1990]; NMNH.

trimacula JEWETT 1959a:155, fig 11 Á?, head and pronotum]. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Nova Teutônia *PLAUMANN, X/1956]; CAS. Paratypes: 17?. * ILLIES 1966:322. * FROEHLICH 2002b:88, figs. 50-54 (?: hammer, penial armature; ?: st8-9; egg). Santa Catarina. ARGENTINA: Misiones. PARAGUAY: Paraguarí. * DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:56. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

trinervis ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1934b):161, fig. 36 (?, head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Quito ÁR. BENOIST, 1930+; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type in Paris. * ILLIES 1966:492. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * STARK 2001a:2. Nomen dubium.

tristani ÁForquilla} (NAVÁS 1932d):29, fig. 25 (? hind wing). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Santa Maria Dota ÁTRISTAN]; Torino. * AUBERT 1956:168. Type in Torino. * ,Anacroneuria} JEWETT 1958 (nec NAVÁS 1932d, fide STARK 1998):168, figs 8, 8A, 8B (head and pronotum; hind leg, ?, st8). COSTA RICA: Alajuela, Cartago. * ILLIES 1966:323. * STARK 1998:583. Synonym of Anacroneuria plutonis.

tunasi STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2007. In: ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:136, figs. 32-36 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda, Municipio de Santuario, Parque Nacional Natural TatamÁ, 2400 m *J CASTELLANOS, XI/2004]; Cali.

tungurahua STARK 2001a:37, figs. 112-116 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Tungurahua, 32 km E Baños *P SPANGLER & al., 28/I/1976]; NMNH.

tupi BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:105, Figs. 26-32 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Ribeirão Água Comprida *PC BISPO, CG FROEHLICH, 20/II/2000]; São Paulo. Paratypes: 2?, 7?.

tzapino STARK 2001a:38, figs. 117-120 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Pastaza, Tzapino, 400 m ÁJ COHEN, 22/V/1976]; NMNH.

uatsi STARK 1998:585, figs. 111-115, 150, 153-154 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9; nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Limón, Río Uatsi, 8 km W Bribri, 60 m *R HOLZENTHAL, S HAMILTON, M HEYN, 25/III/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 10?, 22?, Guanacaste; Limón; Puntarenas. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:56, figs. 163-167 (head and pronotum; ?, st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). HONDURAS: Olancho.

gr. crenulata HARPER 1992:115. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:32. Belongs to A. uatsi StARK 1998.

ucumari STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:232, figs. 13-17 (head and pronotum; st9; penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Cali, Parque Nacional Natural Farallones de Cali, Peñas Blancas, Río Pichindé, cuenca alta del Río Cali, 2000 m, 03°25'06"N, 75°29'44"W *MC ZÚÑIGA, AJ CARDOSO ZÚÑIGA, G MARTÍNEZ, 29/IX/1997]; Cali. Paratype: 1?, Risaralda. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:144.

undulosa STARK & ROJAS 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:40, figs. 124-128 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: Chocó, km 130, 86 km E Quibdó *OS FLINT, 17/II/1983]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?.

unicolor KLAPÁLEK 1922:94. Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA; Hamburg. * WEIDNER 1962:107. ? holotype in Hamburg. * ILLIES 1966:323. * ZWICK 1973a:483. Synonym of A. angusticollis.

uru STARK & SIVEC 1998:51, figs. 143-147 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Hacienda María ca. Río Cosnipata, 900 m *F WOYTKOWSKI, 11/III/1952]; NMNH. Paratypes: 10?, Cusco; BOLIVIA: Cochabamba. * STARK & ZÚÑIGA 2003:237, figs. 39-41 (penis ventral, dorsal, lateral).

uruguaya ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1923): 42. Holotype, ?: URUGUAY: Montevideo ÁP SERRE, 1912+; Paris. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type in Paris. * (uruguayana) ILLIES 1966: 493. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda.

uyara FROEHLICH 2002b:100, figs. 101-106 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9, egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia *F PLAUMANN, I/1975]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4?, 27?. ParanÁ. ARGENTINA: Entre Ríos. * FROEHLICH 2004:59. BRAZIL: São Paulo. * DE RIBEIRO & FROEHLICH 2007:56. Rio Grande do Sul.

valle ZÚÑIGA & BAENA 1999. In: STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:41, figs. 129-133 (head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype ?: COLOMBIA: Valle del Cauca, Río Azul, cuenca media Río Calima, 550 m *AM ROJAS, M BAENA, R ALDANA, 20/II/1994+; Cali. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:144.

vanini FROEHLICH 2004:61, figs. 22-29 (?: head and pronotum, st9 and hammer, penis lateral and dorsal; ?: st8, st9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL; São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia, guest house ÁSA VANIN, 21/XI/1980+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 1? 1?.

variegata KLAPÁLEK 1921:325. Syntypes: 1?: PERU: Marcapata; Prague; 1?: COLOMBIA: BogotÁ; Hamburg. * WEIDNER 1962:107. Paratype in Hamburg. * ILLIES 1966:323. * ZWICK 1973a:480. Male lost; female designated as lectotype. Synonym of A. schmidti.

varilla STARK 1998:595, figs. 116-120, 140, 183-184 (head and pronotum; ?: st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; details of penis; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Maritza, Río Tempisquito, 550 m *R HOLZENTHAL, J MORSE, P CLAUSEN, 19/VII/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 28?, 5?, Guanacaste; 1?, PANAMA: Chiriquí.

ventana STARK 1998:597, figs. 121-125 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Alajuela, Río Peje, ca. 1 km SE San Vicente, 1450 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, F MUÑOZ, K KJER, 14/II/1992]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?, Cartago; San José.

vespertilio KLAPÁLEK 1921:327. Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA: BogotÁ *LINDIG+; Berlin. * ILLIES 1966:323. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:21, fig. 20 (?, st8-9). Redescription.

viduata ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1916b):64, fig. 5 (right wings). Holotype, ?: COLOMBIA ÁF. APOLLINARIS, 1915]; Apollinaris, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:493. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen dubium. * ,Anacroneuria} STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA, 1999:46. Nomen dubium.

vilcabamba STARK & SIVEC 1998:51, figs. 148-151 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Junin, Tarma, Utcuyacu, Agua Dulce, 1600-2400 m ÁF WOYTKOWSKI, 06/III/1948]; NMNH.

viridis KLAPÁLEK (KEMPNY Mss.) 1921:327. Holotype, ?: No locality Álabel: Thor 853]; Vienna, missing. * ILLIES 1966:323. * Nomen dubium.

vistosa STARK 1995:220, figs. 37-44, 47, 51 (head and pronotum, fore wing; ?: st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg, detail of egg). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, basecamp, 140 m ÁPJ SPANGLER, PM SPANGLER, R FAITOUTE, W STEINER, 11/II/1985]; NMNH. Paratypes: 54?, 35?.

vitripennis KLAPÁLEK 1922:90. Holotype, ? Ánot ?]: PERU: Vilcanota; Prague. * ILLIES 1966:323. * STARK & SIVEC 1998:55, figs. 152-155 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Redescription of ? holotype.

v-nigrum ÁForquilla} (NAVÁS 1932a):61, fig. 6 (head and pronotum). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Barão Homem de Mello *ZIKAN, 24/I/1927+; DEI, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type not located. * ILLIES 1966:324. * PETERSEN & GAEDIKE 1968:968. Holotype destroyed. * Nomen dubium.

wapishana STARK 1999:88, figs. 61-62 (head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: GUYANA: Potaro River, Kaieteur Falls, 410 m ÁOS FLINT, 21-23/VIII/1997]; NMNH.

wari StARK 2004:77, figs. 47-48 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9. Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Hacienda María ca. Río Cosnipata, 900 m *F WOYTKOWSKI, 24/II/1952]; NMNH.

wellsi STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:56, figs. 168-172 (head and pronotum; ?: penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, 6.5 km W San Cristobal ÁP PERKINS, 03/VI/1974]; NMNH. Paratypes: 1?, GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz; 1?, HONDURAS: Olancho.

wincha STARK & SIVEC 1998:56, figs. 156-160 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Paucartambo, pte. San Pedro, ca. 50 km NW Pilcopata, 1600 m ÁOS FLINT, N ADAMS, 02-03/IX/1988]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4?.

wipukupa BAUMANN & OLSON 1984:489, figs. 1-7 (?: terminalia ventral, dorsal; penis ventral, dorsal; ? terminalia ventral; egg; nymph, habitus). Holotype, ?: USA: Arizona, Yavapai Co., Oak Creek, Red Rock Crossing ÁMW SANDERSON, 09/VI/1978]; allotype, ?: same date as holotype except: Page Springs, 30/V/1978; NMNH. Paratypes: 7?. Nymphs. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:57, figs. 173-177 (head and pronotum; ?: st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral).

woytkowskii STARK & SIVEC 1998:56, figs. 161-164 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Hacienda María ca. Río Cosnipata, 900 m ÁF WOYTKOWSKI, 27/II/1952+; NMNH. * STARK 2004:80. Madre de Dios.

xinguensis FROEHLICH 2002b:103, figs. 107-112 (?: head and pronotum, hammer, penis dorsal, lateral; ?: st8-9; egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: ParÁ, Rio Xingu Camp (52°22'W, 3°39'S), ca. 60 km S Altamira ÁP SPANGLER, OS FLINT, 1-21/X/1986]; NMNH. Paratypes: 2?, 4?.

x-nigrum KLAPÁLEK 1921:324. Syntypes: ?, ?: PERU: Marcapata and Callanga; Prague. BOLIVIA: Songo; Berlin, missing, now in Prague. * ILLIES 1966:324. * ZWICK 1973:474, figs. 8-9 (penis dorsal, lateral). A. sp., x-nigrum KLAP.?! * STARK & SIVEC 1998:56, figs. 165-168 (? lectotype, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Two ? syntypes, Mus. Prague, designated lectotype and paralectotype.

yameo STARK & SIVEC 1998:60, figs. 169-173 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Loreto, Callicebus Research Station, Mishana, Río Nanay, 25 km SW Iquitos, 120 m ÁJB HEPPNER, 10-17/I/1980]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?, BOLIVIA: Sara (now Santa Cruz). * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, VÁSCONEZ, BERSOSA & VIMOS 2006:57. COLOMBIA: Amazonas. * ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:145, figs. 42-43 (?, st9; egg). Amazonas.

ypsilon KLAPÁLEK 1922:93. Syntypes: 2?: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul ÁSTIEGELMAYR]; Vienna. * ILLIES 1966:324.

ytuguazu FROEHLICH 2002b:105, figs. 113-115 (?, head and pronotum, penis). Holotype ?: ARGENTINA: Entre Ríos, Salto Grande, Río Uruguay ÁOS FLINT, 16/XI/1973]; NMNH.

zaculeu STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:57, figs. 178-182 (?: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz, Tamahu, 1100 m ÁEC WELLING, 11/XI/1963]; Peabody.

zaga STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:57, figs. 183-187 (?: head and pronotum; st9; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: MEXICO: Veracruz, Fortín de las Flores ÁOS FLINT & ORTIZ, 24/VII/1966]; NMNH.

zamora STARK 2001a:39, figs. 121-125 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Zamora Chinchipe, Río Jamboe, 21 km S Zamora, 1340 m *OS FLINT, 22/IX/1990]; NMNH.

zapata STARK 1998:597, figs. 126-130 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: COSTA RICA: Alajuela, Río Bochinche, Cerro Campana, 600 m ÁR HOLZENTHAL, J MORSE, P CLAUSEN, 22/VII/1987]; NMNH. Paratypes: 11 ?, Alajuela; Guanacaste; Puntarenas.

zarpa STARK 1998:600, figs. 131-135 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: PANAMA: Bocas del Toro, Miramar ÁH WOLDA, 21/II/1978]; NMNH.

zunigae STARK 2001a:40, figs. 126-130 (?, head and pronotum, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: ECUADOR: Napo, 18 km NW Lago Agrio ÁA LANGLEY, J COHEN, 30/VIII/1975]; NMNH. Paratypes: 9?.

zwicki STARK & SIVEC 1998:60, figs. 174-177 (?, st9, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: PERU: Cusco, Hacienda María ca. Río Cosnipata, 900 m ÁF WOYTKOWSKI, 26/II/1952]; NMNH. Paratypes: 49?, Cusco; HuÁnuco; BOLIVIA: Cochabamba.

sp. FIORENTIN & CORSEUIL 1994:37, fig. 6 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

sp. NEEDHAM AND BROUGHTON 1927:119, figs. 10-10F (nymph: habitus, antenna, mandible, labrum, maxilla, labium, cercus). Nymph: COLOMBIA ÁJT LLOYD].

sp. ZWICK 1973a:474, figs. 8-9 (penis dorsal, lateral). (x-nigrum KLAP.?!).

sp. A HARPER 1992:117, fig. 12 (?: st8-9). Four ?, 4?, PANAMA: Darién.

sp. B HARPER 1992:118, fig. 13 (?: st8-9). Three ?, 2?, PANAMA: Alajuela. * STARK 1998:568. Belongs to A. harperi.

sp. C HARPER 1992:118, fig. 8 (penis dorsal, lateral). Two ?. PANAMA: Chiriquí. * STARK 1998:554. Belongs to A. acutipennis.

sp. D HARPER 1992:119, fig; 15 (?: st8-9). apicalis (ENDERLEIN)? 1?, PANAMA: Chiriquí. NMNH.

sp. E HARPER 1992:119, fig. 16 (?: st8-9). One ?, PANAMA.

sp. F HARPER 1992:119, fig. 17 (?: st8-9). One ?, PANAMA: Darién.

sp. A MALDONADO, STARK & CRESSA 2002:230, figs. 21-23 (head and pronotum, terminalia, fore femur, cercus). Nymph, ?: VENEZUELA: Mérida.

sp. A STARK 2001b:406, figs. 1-5 (head and pronotum; ?: st 9, penis ventral, dorsal; ?: Áhalf] st8-9). ARGENTINA: Misiones.

"species" ROBACK 1966:202, pls. 1-2 (head and thorax pattern of 9 morphospecies; mothparts, leg and details, paraproct). PERU: HuÁnuco, Loreto.

CO-1 STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:42, figs. 141-142 (head and pronotum, st8-9). 1?: COLOMBIA: Amazonas. * STARK, ZÚÑIGA & SIVEC 2001:121. Belongs to A. montera STARK & SIVEC 1998.

CO-2 STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:44, figs. 143-145 (head and pronotum, st8-9, egg). 1?: COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca.

CO-3 STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:45, fig. 146 (st8-9). 1?: COLOMBIA: Antioquia.

CO-4 STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:45, fig. 147 (st8-9). 2?: COLOMBIA: Antioquia.

CO-5 STARK, ZÚÑIGA, ROJAS & BAENA 1999:45, fig.148 (st8-9). 6?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda.

CO-6 ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:222, figs. 37-38 (head and pronotum, st8-9). 1?: COLOMBIA: Risaralda.

CO-7 ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2002:222, figs. 39-40 (head and pronotum, st8-9). COLOMBIA: Chocó.

CO-8 ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:145, figs. 44-46 (head and pronotum, st9; egg). COLOMBIA: Risaralda, 48?.

CO-9 ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:147, figs. 47-49 (head and pronotum, st9; egg). COLOMBIA: Chocó. 1?.

CO-10 ZÚÑIGA, STARK, CARDONA, TAMARIS-TURIZO & ORTEGA 2007:147, figs. 50-52 (head and pronotum, st9; egg). COLOMBIA: Amazonas, 2?; BRAZIL: Amazonas, 1?.

GU-1 STARK 1999:88, fig. 65 (st8-9). GUYANA: Kanuku Mountains, 4?. Kumu River and falls 1?.

GU-2 STARK 1999:88, fig. 66 (st8-9). GUYANA: Dubulay Ranch, Aramatani Creek, 2?.

GU-3 STARK 1999:89, figs. 67-68 (?: head and pronotum, st8-9). GUYANA: Mazaruni-Potaro District, 2?.

GU-4 STARK 2000:308, figs. 8-9 (?: head and pronotum, st8-9). GUYANA: Kanuku Mountains, 1?.

GU-5 STARK 2000:308, fig. 10 (?, st8-9). GUYANA: Paramakotoi Village, 6?.

PE-1 STARK & SIVEC 1998:63, figs. 178-179 (head and pronotum, st8-9). PERU: HuÁnuco: 1?.

VZ-1 STARK 1995:244, figs. 140-141(st8-9; egg). VENEZUELA: Mérida, Lara; 5?.

VZ-2 STARK 1995:244, figs. 142-143 (st8-9; egg). VENEZUELA: Mérida; 1?.

VZ-3 STARK 1995:244, fig. 144 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Bolivar, 1?.

VZ-4 STARK 1995:244, fig. 145 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Lara, Zulia; 2?.

VZ-5 STARK 1995:246, Fig. 146 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Mérida; 4?.

VZ-6 STARK 1995:246, fig. 147 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Amazonas; 3?.

VZ-7 STARK 1995:247, fig 148 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Amazonas; 2?.

VZ-8 STARK 1995:248, fig. 149 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Zulia; 1?.

VZ-9 STARK 1995:249, fig. 150 (st8-9). VENEZUELA: Sucre; 1?.

VZ-10 STARK 1995:249, figs. 151-155 (nymph, head and pronotum, fore femur, cercal segments, penis ventral, dorsal). VENEZUELA: Amazonas, 11 nymphs.

VZ-11 MALDONADO, STARK & CRESSA 2002:230, figs. 24-26, 29-32 (?: head and pronotum, st8-9; egg; nymph: head and pronotum, terminalia, fore femur, cercus, proventricular armature). VENEZUELA: Mérida. 1?, reared.

VZ-12 MALDONADO, STARK & CRESSA 2002:234, figs. 27-28, 33-35 (?: head and pronotum, st8-9; nymph: head and pronotum, terminalia, fore femur, cercus). VENEZUELA: Mérida. 1?, reared.

Genus ca. Anacroneuria ROBACK 1966:202, pl 1, fig. 3 (head and thorax pattern). PERU: Loreto.

Genus Enderleina JEWETT

Enderleina JEWETT 1960b:174. Species typica: Enderleina preclara JEWETT (monotypy). * ILLIES 1966:332. * STARK 1989:153. Definition, discussion. * STARK 2001b:411, figs. 6-10 (E. flinti, head and pronotum; E. yano, ?: terminalia dorsal, st 9, penis dorsal; ?: st8-9). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2005:62. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009: 119.

Distribution: Guyana, Venezuela, North Brazil.

bonita STARK 1989:157, figs. 16-18 (?, head and pronotum, female terminalia, ventral; egg). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Aragua, Maracay, 16 km E, 1000 m ÁJC ROSALIS, 21/X/1950]; Maracay. Paratypes: 2 ?, Rancho Grande.

flinti STARK 1989:155, figs. 1-5, 12-15 (putative nymph: head and pronotum, mesal and apical cercal segments, abdominal apex, dorsal, maxilla, thorax ventral; ?: head and pronotum; st8-9; detail of st9; egg). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp XI, 00°51'45"N, 65°58'52"W, 1450 m *PJ SPANGLER]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?. * STARK 2001b:407, fig.6 (head and pronotum). * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2005:66. BRAZIL: Amazonas, Roraima.

froehlichi RIBEIRO-FERREIRA 1996:145, figs. 1-6 (?, terminalia dorsal, t10; paraproct; penis dorsal, lateral, ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke ÁACR FERREIRA, 13/XI/1987+; Manaus. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2005:62, figs. 1-5, 8-15 (?, ? habitus; holotype, head and pronotum, wings; ?: terminalia ventral, dorsal; paraprocts; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st6-8, vaginal sclerite). Amazonas, AmapÁ. * RIBEIRO, J.M.F.; MAGALHÃES, C.; RAFAEL, J.A.; HENRIQUES, A.L. 2009:34. Holotype in Manaus.

preclara JEWETT 1960b:175, figs. 5, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D (right wings; head and pronotum; terminalia, lateral and ventral views; penis). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Roraima, Mt. Roraima, 2100 m ÁRONDON, 05/XII/1927]; AMNH, missing. * ILLIES 1966:332. * STARK 1989:153. Holotype missing.

yano STARK 1989:154, figs. 6-11 (?: terminalia dorsal, penis ventral, st9, paraproct; ?, terminalia ventral, detail of st9). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp IV, 00°56'20"N, 65°56'50"W, 760 m *OS FLINT, JR., 15-18/III/1984]; NMNH. Paratypes: 3?. * STARK 2001b:407, figs 7-10 (?: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal; ?: st8-9). * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2005:66. BRAZIL: Amazonas.

Genus Inconeuria KLAPÁLEK

Inconeuria KLAPÁLEK 1916:74. Species typica, monotypy: Inconeuria marcapatica KLAPÁLEK. * ILLIES 1964b:226. Redefinition, comments. * ILLIES 1966:337. * STARK 2001b:411, figs. 11-17, 51-52 (I. porteri: head and pronotum; ?: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, st9 intersegmental membrane and microtrichia). I. marcapatica, ?, st9 intersegmental membrane). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:121.

Inca KLAPÁLEK 1914:68. Nomen praeoccupatum. * KLAPÁLEK 1916:55.

Distribution: Chile, Peru.

chimu STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2003:182, figs. 1-2 (?, head and pronotum, st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: Pasco, Chontilla, 22 km S Iscozazin ÁR ETHERIDGE, 12/VIII/1961]; Los Angeles.

marcapatica KLAPÁLEK 1916:75. Holotype, ?: PERU: Marcapata; Prague. * ILLIES 1966:337. * STARK 2001b:408, fig. 15 (?, st9 intersegmental membrane and microtrichia).

porteri ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1919a):3. Holotype, ?: CHILE: IX: Malleco, Curacautín (38° 26'S, 71° 53'W) *C PORTER, I/1917]; NavÁs, lost. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type not located. * NAVÁS 1928:119. XIV: Panguipulli Á17/XI/1924]; DEI. Data on ?. * ÁInconeuria} ILLIES 1964b:228, figs. 18-20 (right wings; ?: head and pronotum; foreleg; terminalia ventral; penis; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: head, mandible, maxilla). Neotype ?: XIV: Valdivia, Panguipulli (39°40'S) *FAZ, 17/XI/1924]; DEI. Additional material from Chile, between 35° and 43°S: VIII: Concepción; IX: Malleco, Cautín; XIV: Valdivia; X: Osorno, Llanquihue, Chiloé. * WERNER 1965:232. VII: Curicó. * ILLIES 1966:338. * JOOST 1976:206. VI: Cachapoal; VII: Cauquenes; VIII: Arauco; IX: Cautín. * STARK 2001b:408, 420, figs. 11-14, 16-17, 51-52 (head and pronotum; ?: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, st9 intersegmental membrane and microtrichia). * VERA 2005:8, figs. 7a, 8a, 9a, 10 (nymph: maxilla, pronotum, cercal segments, paraproct and base of cercus). VII (Maule).

Genus Kempnyella ILLIES

Kempnyella ILLIES 1964b:218. Species typica, original designation: Perla genualis NAVÁS. * ILLIES 1966:338. * STARK 2001b:412, figs. 18-24, 57-58 (K. genualis: head and pronotum; ?: terminalia dorsal, st9; penis ventral, dorsal, penial spines; ?: st8-9. K. walperi, penis dorsal, egg). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:121.

Distribution: Chile and Argentina, from ca. 35° to 45°S.

genualis ÁPerla} (NAVÁS 1918):82. Syntypes, 2?: ARGENTINA: Río Negro, Nahuel Huapí ÁBRUCH, II/1898]; La Plata. Neuquén, Lago Lacar ÁBRUCH, III/1898]; NavÁs. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata). * ÁKempnyella} ILLIES 1964b:220, figs. 11-14 (right wings; ?: head and pronotum, foreleg, terminalia ventral, details of penis; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: head; mandible; maxilla. Distribution map). CHILE and ARGENTINA. * WERNER 1965:232. CHILE: VI (O'Higgins); VII: Curicó; XI: Aisén. * ILLIES 1966:339. * ZWICK 1972b:99. X: Llanquihue. * JOOST 1976:206. CHILE: VIII: Biobío. * STARK 2001b:409, 421, figs. 18-23, 58 (head and pronotum; ?: terminalia dorsal, st9; penis ventral, dorsal, penial spines; ?: st8-9). * VERA 2005:8, figs. 7b, 8b, 9b (nymph: maxilla, pronotum, cercal segments). CHILE: VII (Maule).

brundini ÁPictetoperla} ILLIES 1964b:215. * STARK 2001b. Synonym of Kempnyella genualis.

walperi ILLIES 1964b:222, fig. 15 (?: head and pronotum; terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; Fundo Walper ca. Punucapa (39°45'S), ca. 800 m *ILLIES, 16/II/1958]; Illies. Paratype ?: VII (Maule). * ILLIES 1966:339. * STARK 2001b, fig. 57 (egg).

Genus Kempnyia KLAPÁLEK

Kempnyia KLAPÁLEK 1914:60, 68. ÁIn key]. KLAPÁLEK 1916:60, 67. Species typica: Kempnyia tenebrosa KLAPÁLEK by original designation. * JEWETT 1960b:175. Key to species. * ILLIES 1966:339. * ZWICK 1972a:1164. Redefinition. * ZWICK 1973b:275. * FROEHLICH 1984c:44, Figs. 2, 8-10, 12 (nymph: head and pronotum, mandible, maxilla, labium, thorax ventral). * DORVILLÉ & FROEHLICH 1999:281, figs. 4, 5, 8 (Nymph: pronotum; T3 and base of abdomen ventral; maxilla). * STARK 2001b:414, figs. 25-31, 59 (K. sp. A, head and pronotum, coronal line, ? st8-9; K. (collosica) ?: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal, lateral, ventral). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:124.

Eutactophlebia KLAPÁLEK 1914:60, 67 *In key+. * KLAPÁLEK 1916:45, 66. Species typica, original designation: Eutactophlebia reticulata KLAPÁLEK. * ILLIES 1966:332. * FROEHLICH 1979:70. * ZWICK 1983:177. Synonym of Kempnyia.

Collampla NAVÁS 1929b:77. Species typica, monotypy: Collampla petropolitana NAVÁS. * ILLIES 1966:332. Synonym of Eutactophlebia. * ZWICK 1983:179. Synonym of Kempnyia.

Diperla NAVÁS 1936:729. Species typica, monotypy: Diperla serrana NAVÁS. * ILLIES 1966:476. * FROEHLICH 1979:70. Synonym of Eutactophlebia.

Forca NAVÁS 1925:310. Species typica, monotypy: Forca barbiellinii NAVÁS. * NAVÁS 1932a:61. Characters of ?. * STARK 2001b:415. Synonym of Kempnia.

Laeissa NAVÁS 1934a:22. Species typica, monotypy, Laeissa colossica NAVÁS. * FROEHLICH 1988:154. Synonym of Kempnyia.

Nedanta NAVÁS 1932c (partim):86. Species typica, original designation: Nedanta fusca NAVÁS. * JEWETT 1960b:175. Synonym of Kempnyia.

Distribution: Central, Southeastern, South Brazil.

alterosarum FROEHLICH 1988:159, figs. 34-45 (?: st9; t10; detail of t10; detail of paraproct; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: terminalia ventral; st9; t10; st8 of second specimen; terminalia lateral, id.). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais; Serra do Cipó, Rio Capivara *FROEHLICH, 22/IX/1976+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 46?, 36?.

auberti FROEHLICH 1996:117, figs. 1-8 (?: head and pronotum; st9; t10; detail of t10; detail of paraproct; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales, Rio Poços Altos ÁFROEHLICH & PAPROCKI, 10/XI/1993+; São Paulo. Paratype: 1?, ParanÁ. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:110.

aterrima ÁMacrogynoplax} KLAPÁLEK 1916:54, 73. Syntypes: 1?, 1?, BRAZIL: Espírito Santo; Vienna. * JEWETT 1960b:172. Types similar to Anacroneuria. * ILLIES 1966:480. Nomen dubium. * ZWICK 1972a:1168. Synonym of Kempnyia neotropica.

barbiellinii ÁForca} (NAVÁS 1925):311, fig. 38 (?, hindwing, tibia and tarsus of hindleg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Thermas de Lyndoya *now Águas de Lindóia+ *A. BARBIELLINI, II/1925]; NavÁs. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type lost. * ILLIES 1966:476. Nomen dubium. * ÁKempnyia} STARK 2001b:415.

brasilica ÁForca} (NAVÁS 1932a):60, fig. 5 Áhindwing]. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Barão Homem de Mello ÁZIKAN, 19/VII/1929; 25/IX/1930] DEI. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type lost. * ILLIES 1966:476. Nomen dubium. * ,Kempnyia} STARK 2001b:415.

brasiliensis ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET, KOLLAR Mss., 1841):216; pl. 18, fig.3 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL; Vienna. * ,Kempnyia} KLAPÁLEK 1916:69. * JEWETT, 1960b:176. Holotype: ?, not ? as stated by PICTET. * ILLIES 1966:339. * ZWICK 1972a:1165, fig. 7a-7e (? holotype, penis dorsal and lateral; st9, t10, paraproct). * ZWICK 1973b:275.

calabriae JOOST 1980:73, figs. 1-4 (?: wings, terminalia ventral, penis ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo, SanÁta] Leopoldina ÁK. STAUDINGER+; Berlin. * ZWICK 1983:177. Synonym of Kempnyia reticulata.

colossica ÁLaeissa} (NAVÁS 1934a):22, fig. 34 (head and pronotum; terminalia, dorsal; subgenital plate). Holotype, ? Ánot ?, as stated by NAVÁS]: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Nova Bremen *now Presidente Getúlio+, Rio Laeiss *now in José Boiteux Municipality+, 500 m *FRITZ HOFFMAN, 10/XII/1930+; DEI. * AUBERT 1956b:439. Type lost.* JEWETT 1959a:151, fig. 4 (?, right wings). Santa Catarina. * ILLIES 1966:344. * ÁKempnyia} FROEHLICH 1988:154; figs. 9-22 (?: penis from 2 specimens, lateral, ventral, dorsal; st9; t10; paraproct; detail of t10; ?: terminalia ventral and lateral; st9; t10). Santa Catarina; ParanÁ; São Paulo. * PETERSEN & GAEDIKE 1968:965. Holotype destroyed. * STARK 2001b:413, figs. 27-31 (?: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal, lateral ventral). * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:110. São Paulo.

flava KLAPÁLEK 1916:72. Syntypes, 2?: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo ÁFRUHSTORFER]; Vienna; Berlin, lost. * JEWETT 1960b:176, fig. 7, 7A, 7B (right wings, penis). ? syntype of Vienna designated as lectotype i.l.; ? allotype invalid. Rio de Janeiro. * ILLIES 1966:340. * ZWICK 1972a:1167, fig. 9d (?, outline of subgenital plate; st9; t10). Lectotype designated. * ZWICK 1973b:276. * FROEHLICH 1988:153, figs. 1-4 (?, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; paraproct). Rio de Janeiro; São Paulo. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:109.

fulvata ÁNedanta} (NAVÁS 1932c):88. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Boiteuxburgo, 800 m ÁP. MISSFELDT, 1929-1930]; Hamburg. AUBERT 1956b:439. Type lost.* JEWETT 1959a:150. Synonym of Nedanta fusca. * JEWETT 1960b:176. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. * WEIDNER 1962:108. Holotype in Hamburg. * ILLIES 1966:340. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. * ZWICK 1972a:1169. ?Synonym of K. neotropica.

fusca ÁNedanta} (NAVÁS 1932c):86, fig. 11 (?, terminalia dorsal, subgenital plate lateral; ?, terminalia ventral and dorsal). Syntypes, ?, ?: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina, Boiteuxburgo, 800 m ÁP. MISSFELDT, 1929-1930+; Hamburg. * ,Kempnyia} JEWETT 1959a:150, figs 3, 3A, 3B (penis dorsal, lateral; right wings). Santa Catarina (mixed material, in part K. neotropica, fide ZWICK 1972a). * JEWETT 1960b:177. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. * WEIDNER 1962:108. Two syntypes in Hamburg. * ILLIES 1966:340. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. * ZWICK 1972a:1169. Synonym of K. neotropica.

varia ÁNedanta} NAVÁS 1932c:88. Ad interim name for the female of Nedanta fusca NAVÁS. No taxonomic status.

goiana BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004a:5, figs. 10-16 (?: st9, t10, detail of t10, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: GoiÁs, Pirenópolis, Córrego Inferno *LG OLIVEIRA, 09/X/1993+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 6?.

gracilenta ÁAcroneuria} (ENDERLEIN 1909b):397. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo ÁH. FRUHSTORFER+; Warsaw. * ,Eutactophlebia} KLAPÁLEK 1916:67. * JEWETT 1960b:175, figs. 6, 6A, 6B, 6C (right wings; ?: penis; ?: terminalia ventral). Fig. 6D (? terminalia) does not refer to this species, fide FROEHLICH 1984a. Rio de Janeiro. * ILLIES 1966:332. * ZWICK 1973a:490, figs. 32-39 (partim, figs. 32-34 refer to K. serrana, fide FROEHLICH 1984a) (terminalia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). * ,Kempnyia} ZWICK 1983:179. * FROEHLICH 1984a:137, figs. 1-3 (?, st8-9, t10). São Paulo.

guassu FROEHLICH 1988:158, figs. 23-33 (?: st9; t10; detail of t10; paraproct; detail of paraproct; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: terminalia ventral; st9; t10).Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Rodovia Petrópolis-Teresópolis Km 17 ÁO.S. FLINT, 19/IV/1977+; São Paulo. Paratype: 1?.

jatim FROEHLICH 1988:169, figs. 79-90 (?: st9; abdominal segment 9 lateral; t 10; detail of t10; paraproct; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: st8; st9; t10). Holotype ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo; GuaratinguetÁ, Eng. Eugênio Lefèvre *Exped. Mus. Zool., 22-25/I/1963+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 4?, 1?. Additional material, Rio de Janeiro.

klugii ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):267; pl. 25, figs. 1-2 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL ÁVON OLFERS+; Berlin. * ÁKempnyia} KLAPÁLEK 1916 (nec PICTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1972a):49, 69. * JEWETT 1960b (nec PICTET 1841, fide ZWICK 1972a):176. * ILLIES 1966:340. * ZWICK 1972a:1167, figs. 7f-7k (? holotype: penis dorsal, lateral, ventral; st9; t10; paraproct). * ZWICK 1973b:276.

melagona KLAPÁLEK 1916:51, 71. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis; Helsinki, now Prague. * ILLIES 1966:340. * ZWICK 1972a:1168. Nomen dubium. * ZWICK 1988:140. Synonym of Kempnyia neotropica.

mirim FROEHLICH 1984a:140, figs. 7-16 (?: head and pronotum; right wings; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal. ?: head and pronotum, 2 specimens; st8-9, t10). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Santo André, Estação Biológica de Paranapiacaba *CG FROEHLICH, 27/XI/1963+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 6?.

neotropica ÁPerla} (JACOBSON & BIANCHI 1905):617. Nomen novum for Perla (Perla) obscura PICTET 1841 (Nomen praeoccupatum). * ILLIES 1966:505. Possibly an Anacroneuria; nomen dubium. * ,Kempnyia} ZWICK 1972a:1168, figs. 8a-8g (? holotype: penis; paraproct; t10; other ?, penis,t10; ?: outline of subgenital plate; st9; t10). * ZWICK 1973b:276. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004a:2. BRAZIL: GoiÁs. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:107. São Paulo. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2008:62, figs. 1-14 (nymph: head and pronotum, forefemur, details of cercus; male: head and pronotum, sternum 9, tergum 10, peg-like hairs of tergum 10, paraproct, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal, spiny patch of penis tube; female: sternum 8). São Paulo, Minas Gerais, GoiÁs.

aterrima ÁMacrogynoplax} KLAPÁLEK 1916:54, 73. * ZWICK 1972a:1168. Synonym of Kempnyia neotropica.

fulvata ÁNedanta} (NAVÁS 1932c). * ZWICK 1972a:169. ?Synonym of K. neotropica.

fusca ÁNedanta} (NAVÁS 1932c). * ZWICK 1972a:1169. Synonym of K. neotropica.

melagona KLAPÁLEK 1916:51, 71. * ZWICK 1988:140. Synonym of Kempnyia neotropica.

obscura ÁPerla (Perla)} PICTET 1841:269; pl. 28, figs. 1-4 (habitus, wings closed, wings expanded, leg, right fore wing). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL ÁSELLO]; Berlin. * JACOBSON & BIANCHI 1905:617. Nec Perla obscura ZETTERSTEDT 1840; Perla neotropica nom. nov.

obtusa KLAPÁLEK 1916:51, 70. Holotype, ?: ÁBRAZIL+: "Helm"; Vienna. * JEWETT 1960b:177. Rio de Janeiro. * ILLIES 1966:340. * ZWICK 1972a:1171, figs. 8h-8j (? holotype: penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; paraproct; t10). * ZWICK 1973b:277. * FROEHLICH 1988:153, figs. 5-8 (?, st8-9, t10, terminalia lateral). Rio de Janeiro; São Paulo; Minas Gerais.

oliveirai BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004a:3, figs. 1-9 (?: st9, t10, detail of t10, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: st8, st9). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: GoiÁs, Pirenópolis, Córrego Inferno *LG OLIVEIRA, 08/IX/1993+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 2?, 17?. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2007:214.

petropolitana ÁCollampla} (NAVÁS 1929b):78, fig. 21 (head and pronotum, left hind wing, terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Petrópolis *FR. OHAUS, I/1905+; Hamburg. * WEIDNER 1962:107. Holotype in Hamburg. * ÁEutactophlebia} ILLIES 1966:332. * ,Kempnyia} ZWICK 1983:179.

petersorum FROEHLICH 1996:119, figs. 9-15 (?: head and pronotum; st9; t10; detail of t10; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Iporanga, Parque Estadual Intervales ÁE. TRAJANO, 07/II/1989+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 4?, ParanÁ. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:110.

reichardti FROEHLICH 1984a:143, figs. 17-25 (?: penis of two specimens, lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, t10). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Serra do Caraça, 1380 m *KLOSS, LENKO, MARTINS, SILVA, XI/1961+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 3?, 2?, Minas Gerais.

remota ÁNeoperla} (BANKS 1920):321, fig 70 (?, subgenital plate). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, New Freiburg ÁNova Friburgo] ÁBESCKE]; MCZ. * ILLIES 1966:491. Species inquirenda. * ÁKempnyia} STARK 2001b:415.

reticulata ÁEutactophlebia} (KLAPÁLEK) 1916:46, 66. Syntypes, 3?: BRAZIL: Espírito Santo; Prague. * ILLIES 1966:333. * ,Kempnyia} ZWICK 1983:177, figs 1-4 (? lectotype: penis lateral and dorsal, terminalia dorsal, st9). Extant ? syntype designated as lectotype.

calabriae JOOST 1980:73, figs. 1-4. * ZWICK 1983:177. Synonym of Kempnyia reticulata.

sazimai FROEHLICH 1988:163, figs. 58-66 (?, st9, t10, detail of t10; paraproct; detail of paraproct; spinose patch of penis; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais, Serra do Cipó, Km 120 on road to Conceição do Mato Dentro ÁI SAZIMA, 4/XI/1971+; São Paulo.

serrana ÁDiperla} (NAVÁS 1936):729, fig. 17 Áright fore wing]. Holotype, ? (not ?, as stated by NAVÁS): BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Serra de Macaé *E. GARBE, 29/X/1909+; São Paulo. * AUBERT 1956b:439. Type in São Paulo. * ILLIES 1966:476. Perhaps an Eutactophlebia; species inquirenda. * ÁEutactophlebia} FROEHLICH 1979:70. * ,Kempnyia} ZWICK 1983:179. *FROEHLICH 1984a:139, figs. 4-6 (? holotype: penis lateral, ventral, dorsal).

gracilenta; ÁEutactophlebia} ZWICK 1973a:490 (partim: ? from Espírito Santo, Santa Leopoldina, figs. 32-34, fide FROEHLICH 1984a).

sordida KLAPÁLEK 1916:52, 72. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL *Shtt+; Vienna. * JEWETT 1960b:177. * ILLIES 1966:340. * ZWICK 1972a:1171, fig. 9e (? holotype: outline of subgenital plate, st9, t10). * ZWICK 1973b:277.

tamoya FROEHLICH 1984a:145, figs. 26-31 (?: penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; putative ?: st8-9, t10). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, GuaratinguetÁ, Eng. Eugênio Lefèvre, 1200 m *TRAVASSOS F°, TRAVASSOS, RABELLO, DENTE, 26/X/1963+; São Paulo. Paratype: Putative ?, São Paulo.

taunayi ÁPerla} (NAVÁS 1936):726. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Serra de Macaé *GARBE, 29/XI/1909+; São Paulo. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Zaragoza *no!, São Paulo+. * JEWETT 1960b:177. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. * ILLIES 1966:340. As synonym of Kempnyia klugii. * Species inquirenda.

tenebrosa KLAPÁLEK 1916:50, 69. Syntypes: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Theresiopolis *Teresópolis+, 1?, 2?, London; Rio Grande do Sul ÁSTIEGELMAYR], 4? (2 extant), Vienna. * JEWETT 1960b:177. Synonym of Kempnyia klugii. * ILLIES 1966:340. As synonym of Kempnyia klugii. * KIMMINS 1970:351. ? lectotype and paralectotype (without abdomen) designated. * ZWICK 1972a: 1172, figs. 9a-9c (?: penis dorsal, lateral, ventral from 2 specimens; ?: outline of subgenital plate; st9; t10). Species propria. BRAZIL: Santa Catarina; Rio de Janeiro. * ZWICK 1973b:277.

tijucana DORVILLÉ & FROEHLICH 1997:178, figs. 1-9 (right wings; ?: st9, t10, detail of t10, penis ventral, lateral, dorsal; ?: st8-9, t10). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional da Tijuca ÁLFM DORVILLÉ, 25/X/1992]; Rio de Janeiro. Paratypes: 6?, 9?. * DORVILLÉ & FROEHLICH 2001:387, figs. 1-5 (nymph: habitus, dorsal view, metathorax and basal abdomen ventral with gill PT3, abdominal st7-9, cercomeres, gill PT2).

umbrina FROEHLICH 1988:164, figs. 67-78 (?: st9; t10; detail of t10; paraproct; spinose patch of penis; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: st8; st9; t10). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Minas Gerais; Serra do Cipó *CG FROEHLICH, 17/XII/1974+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 17?, 6?, Rio de Janeiro; São Paulo.

vanini FROEHLICH 1988:162, figs. 46-57 (?: st9; t10; detail of t10; paraproct; spinose patch of penis; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: terminalia lateral; st8; st9; t10). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo; Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia, Ribeirão Coruja *CG FROEHLICH, 26/I/1974+; São Paulo. Paratypes: 8?, 2?, São Paulo; Minas Gerais. * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:2. GoiÁs.

varia ÁNedanta} NAVÁS 1932c:88. Ad interim name for the female of Nedanta fusca NAVÁS. No taxonomic status.

varipes KLAPÁLEK 1916: 52, 71. Syntypes: ?, ?: BRAZIL *Shtt+; Vienna. * JEWETT 1960b: 178, figs. 8, 8A, 8B, 8C Áright wings; ?, penis; ?, terminalia, ventral]. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro. The ? figured (figs. 8A, 8B) belongs to K. neotropica, fide ZWICK 1972a. * ILLIES 1966: 341. * ZWICK 1972a: 1174., fig. 9f-g (?, paraproct; t10). Lectotype, ?, paralectotype, ?, designated, both in bad conditions. * ZWICK 1973:277.

sp. FIORENTIN & CORSEUIL 1994:36, fig. 5 (habitus). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul.

sp. A STARK 2001b:414, figs. 25-26, 59 (?: head and pronotum, coronal line, st8-9). 11?. BRAZIL: ParanÁ, Rio Marumbi.

Sp. B STARK 2001b:414. One ?. BRAZIL: ParanÁ, Rio Marumbi.

Genus Klapalekia CLAASSEN

Klapalekia CLAASSEN 1936:622. * ILLIES 1966:343. Anacroneuria? * STARK 2001b:416, fig. 32 (?, st8-9). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:126.

Distribution: Colombia.

Microplax KLAPÁLEK 1914:61, 69 ÁIn key]. * KLAPÁLEK 1916:54,74. Species typica, monotypy: Microplax augusti-braueri KLAPÁLEK. Microplax: nomen praeoccupatum.

Microplagia KLAPÁLEK 1917:114. Nomen praeoccupatum.

augustibraueri ÁMicroplax} (KLAPÁLEK 1916):54, 74. Holotype, ?: ÁCOLOMBIA]: BogotÁ; Berlin, now in Prague. * ,Klapalekia} CLAASSEN 1936:622. * ILLIES 1966:343 * STARK 1991:189, figs. 1-5 (? holotype; terminalia ventral, vagina, egg).

Genus Macrogynoplax ENDERLEIN

Macrogynoplax ENDERLEIN 1909b:391 Ákey], 403. Species typica, monotypy: Macrogynoplax guayanensis ENDERLEIN. * KLAPÁLEK 1916:53, 72. Key to species * ILLIES 1966:344. * FROEHLICH 1984c:44, figs. 3-7 (head and pronotum, foreleg, mandible, maxilla, labium)* STARK & ZWICK 1989:248. Redefinition, key to species. * DORVILLÉ & FROEHLICH 1999:281, figs 1, 3, 7 (Nymph: head; pronotum; maxilla). * STARK 2001b:416, figs. 33-38, 60 (M. spangleri: head and pronotum; ?: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9; egg micropyle). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2007:18. Comments, key to adults of Amazonas State. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:127.

Distribution: Northern South America to southeastern Brazil.

anae RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2007:26, figs. 35-43 (terminalia dorsal, ventral; hammer ventral, lateral; paraproct; penis dorsal, ventral, lateral, caudal). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Ducke, Igarapé Ipiranga *JMF RIBEIRO, J VIDAL, 13-20/V/2003]; Manaus. Paratypes: 3?. * RIBEIRO, J.M.F.; MAGALHÃES, C.; RAFAEL, J.A.; HENRIQUES, A.L. 2009:34. Holotype in Manaus.

delicata RIBEIRO-FERREIRA & FROEHLICH 1999:134, figs. 1-6 (?: st9; paraproct; penis lateral, dorsal, ventral; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke ÁUC BARBOSA, 02/I/1989]; Manaus. Paratype: 1?. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2007:19, figs. 1, 4-5, 9-17 (habitus, head and pronotum, wings; ?: terminalia ventral and dorsal, st9, hammer, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). Male neotype designated. Amazonas, ParÁ. * RIBEIRO, J.M.F.; MAGALHÃES, C.; RAFAEL, J.A.; HENRIQUES, A.L. 2009:34. Neotype in Manaus.

marauia FROEHLICH 2003. RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2007:19. Synonym of M. delicata.

flinti STARK 1996:321, figs. 10-13 (?: st9; penis]. Holotype, ?: GUYANA: Aramatani Creek, Dubulay Ranch, 5°39.4'N, 57°55.5'W *OS FLINT, 15-18/IV/1995); NMNH. Paratype: ?, same data as holotype.

geijskesii ZWICK 1989. In: STARK & ZWICK 1989:253, figs. 19-23 (?: terminalia ventral and lateral, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: SURINAM: Table Mountain, H. Bier Falls ÁDC GEIJSKES, 30/III/1958]; Leiden.

guayanensis ENDERLEIN 1909b:403. Holotype, ?: GUYANA: Demerara ÁR HAENSCH, II-III/1904]; Warsaw. * ILLIES 1966:344. * ZWICK 1973a:488, figs. 24-31 (? holotype, M. laticeps: paraproct, st9, t10, penis lateral, dorsal, ventral. ? holotype, terminalia).

laticeps ÁNeoperla} (ENDERLEIN 1909b):410. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: ParÁ; Warsaw. * ILLIES 1966:487. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Species inquirenda. * ZWICK 1973a:488. Synonym of Macrogynoplax guayanensis.

kanuku STARK 1996:321, figs. 14-18 (?: st9, penis. ?: st8-9). Holotype ?: GUYANA: Kumu River, Kanuku Mountains 3°15.9'N, 59°43.5'W *O.S. FLINT, 28-30/IV/1995]; NMNH. Paratype: 1?, same data as holotype.

marauia FROEHLICH 2003:132, figs. 15-18 (head and pronotum, forewing, st8-9, egg). Holotype ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas, Rio MarauiÁ *EJ FITTKAU, I/1963+; São Paulo. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2007:19. Synonym of M. delicata.

matogrossensis BISPO & NEVES 2005 In: BISPO, P.C.; NEVES, C.O; FROEHLICH, C.G. 2005:4, figs. 8-14 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; ?: st9, egg). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, Jaciara, Córrego Tenente Amaral *CO NEVES, 27/XI/1999+; CuiabÁ. Paratypes: 4?, 7?.

neblina STARK 1989. In: STARK & ZWICK 1989:248, figs. 1-9 (?: head and pronotum, st9, penis lateral and dorsal, paraproct; ?: st8-9. Putative nymph, head and pronotum, abdominal apex dorsal, thorax ventral, foreleg). Holotype ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Camp VII, 1800m ÁPJ SPANGLER, PM SPANGLER, R FAITOUTE, 30/I-10/II/1985]; NMNH. Paratypes: 4?, 1?, 2 nymphs, Cerro de La Neblina.

poranga RIBEIRO-FERREIRA & FROEHLICH 1999:136, 138, figs. 14-18 (?: st9; paraproct; penis ventral, dorsal, lateral). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke ÁAC RIBEIRO FERREIRA, 15/IV/1995+; Manaus, lost. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2007:22, figs. 6, 18-25 (wings; ?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, st.9, hammer, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral). Neotype designated. * RIBEIRO, J.M.F.; MAGALHÃES, C.; RAFAEL, J.A.; HENRIQUES, A.L. 2009:35. Neotype in Manaus.

pulchra RIBEIRO-FERREIRA & FROEHLICH 1999:134, figs. 7-13 (?: st9; penis lateral, ventral, dorsal; paraproct; ?: terminalia, ventral; detail of inner sclerite). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: Amazonas; Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke ÁAC RIBEIRO-FERREIRA, 25/III/1987]; Manaus. Paratypes: 1?, 4?. * RIBEIRO & RAFAEL 2007:23, figs. 2, 3, 7, 26-34 (habitus, ? and ?; wings; ?: terminalia ventral, dorsal, hammer ventral, lateral, paraproct, penis dorsal, ventral, lateral; ?: terminalia ventral). * RIBEIRO, J.M.F.; MAGALHÃES, C.; RAFAEL, J.A.; HENRIQUES, A.L. 2009:35. Holotype in Manaus.

spangleri STARK 1989. In: STARK & ZWICK 1989:251, figs. 10-18 (?: head and pronotum, t10, paraproct, st9, penis; ?, st8-9. Egg). Holotype, ?: VENEZUELA: Amazonas, Cerro de la Neblina, Basecamp, 140m ÁPJ SPANGLER, PM SPANGLER, R FAITOUTE, W STEINER, 1-9/II/1985]; NMNH. Paratypes: 15?, 22?. Cerro de la Neblina. * STARK 2001b:416, figs. 33-38, 60 (head and pronotum; ?: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis dorsal, ventral; ?: st8-9; egg micropyle)

truncata STARK 1996 318, figs. 5-9 (?: st9; paraproct; penis. ?: st8-9). Holotype, ?: PERU: Loreto; Río Nanay, 25 km SW Iquitos, 120 m, Callicebus Research Station ÁJB HEPPNER, 10-17/I/1980]; NMNH. Paratype: ?.

veneranda FROEHLICH 1984b:39, figs. 1-13 (?: st9, t10, detail of t10, paraprocts, terminalia, penis; ?: head and pronotum, st8-9, t10). Holotype, ?: BRAZIL: São Paulo, Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia *HM CANTER, 2/XI/1968]; São Paulo. * FROEHLICH 1984b:43-48, figs. 3-7 (nymph: head and pronotum, foreleg, mandible, maxilla, labium). * BISPO & FROEHLICH 2004b:111.

yupanqui STARK 1996:318, figs. 1-4 (?: st9; paraproct; penis ventral, lateral). Holotype, ?: PERU: Madre de Dios, Río Tambopata, 30 km SW Maldonado, 290 m ÁJB HEPPNER, 21-25/X/1979]; NMNH.

CO-1 ZÚÑIGA & STARK 2007:102, Figs. 1-3 (head and pronotum, ? terminalia, egg). COLOMBIA: CaquetÁ, 1?.

Genus Nigroperla ILLIES

Nigroperla ILLIES 1964b:224. Species typica, monotypy: Nigroperla costalis ILLIES. * ILLIES 1966:345. * STARK 2001b:417, figs 39-44, 61-62 (N. costalis: head and pronotum; ?: terminalia dorsal, st9; penis ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg, posterior pole, micropyle). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:129.

Distribution: Chile.

costalis ILLIES 1964b:225, figs. 14,16, 17 (distribution map; right wings; ?: head and pronotum; foreleg; terminalia ventral; penis; ?: terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE: VIII: Arauco, Contulmo, Fundo Palo Botado (38°02'S) *PEÑA, 1-3/II/1958]; DEI. Paratypes: VII (Maule); VIII: Ñuble, Concepción, Arauco. * ILLIES 1966:345. * JOOST 1976:206. VII: Cauquenes; VIII: Arauco. * STARK 2001b:417. VIII (Biobío), IX (La Araucanía), X (Los Lagos). * VERA 2005:8, figs. 1-9 (nymph: head and pronotum, mandibles, maxilla, labium, abdomen dorsal, legs, cercal segments; Inconeuria, nymph: maxilla, cercal segments, pronotum; Pictetoperla, nymph: maxilla, cercal segments, pronotum; Kempnyella, nymph: maxilla, cercal segments, pronotum). Key to Perlidae nymphs.

Genus Onychoplax KLAPÁLEK

Onychoplax KLAPÁLEK 1914:61, 68 *In key+. * KLAPÁLEK 1916:56, 75. Species typica: Onychoplax limbatella KLAPÁLEK 1916 (monotypy). BRAZIL? * ILLIES 1966:346. Comments. * STARK 2001b:419. Diagnosis. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:129.

limbatella KLAPÁLEK 1916:56, 76. Holotype, ?: BRAZIL? "Par."; Vienna. * ILLIES 1966:346. * FROEHLICH 2008:126, figs. 2-4 (holotype: head and pronotum, ? st 8).

Genus Pictetoperla ILLIES

Pictetoperla ILLIES 1964b:210. Species typica, original designation: Perla gayi PICTET 1841. * ILLIES 1966:349. * STARK 2001b:419, figs. 45-50, 53-56 (P. gayi: head and pronotum; ?: terminlia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg, posterior pole, anterior pole. P.repanda: ? st9 and intersegmental microtrichia). Diagnosis, comments, species list. * STARK, FROEHLICH & ZUÑIGA 2009:131.

Distribution: Chile and Argentina, south from ca. 35°S.

brundini ILLIES 1964b:215, figs7-8 (?: head and pronotum, terminalia ventral; nymph: head, mandible, maxilla). Holotype, ?: CHILE: X: Llanquihue, Río Petrohue, 41°10'S *BRUNDIN, 11/I/1959]; Illies. Paratypes: 9 nymphs, 1 mature. * WERNER 1965:232. VIII: Curicó; X: Chiloé. * STARK 2001b:414. ? synonym of Kempnyella genualis. * 2005:12. The nymph of ILLIES 1964b is Pictetoperla.

gayi ÁPerla (Perla)} (PICTET 1841):235; pl. 10, fig. 3 (habitus, wings expanded). Holotype, ?: CHILE; Paris, lost. * BLANCHARD 1851:99, pl. 1, fig. 4 (habitus). IV: Coquimbo. * ,Macrogynoplax} KLAPÁLEK 1916:73. * ,Pictetoperla} ILLIES 1964b:212, figs. 2-6, 14 (right wings; ?: habitus; head and prothorax; foreleg; terminalia ventral; penis tip; detail of penis. ?: terminalia ventral. Nymph: habitus; head; mandible; maxilla. Distribution map). On both sides of the Andes, south from ca. 39°S. * WERNER 1965:232. VII: Curicó; XI: Aisén. * ILLIES 1966:349. * ZWICK 1972a:1174. * STARK 2001b:418-420, figs. 45-50, 53-54 (head and pronotum; ?: terminalia dorsal, st9, penis ventral, dorsal; ?: st8-9; egg, posterior pole, anterior pole). * VERA 2005:8, figs 7c, 8c, 9c (nymph: maxilla, pronotum, cercal segments). X (Los Lagos).* MISERENDINO & PIZZOLÓN 2003:538. ARGENTINA: Río Negro, Chubut.

lacarina ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1918):82. Syntypes: ?, ?: ARGENTINA: Neuquén, Lago Lacar ÁIII/1898]. Río Negro, Río Caleufú *BRUCH, 1898]; La Plata, NavÁs. * AUBERT 1956b:440. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata). * ILLIES 1964b:212. Synonym of Pictetoperla gay.

magellanica ÁKempnyia} (KLAPÁLEK 1916):69. CHILE: XII: Magallanes, Straits of Magellan ÁS.M.S. Alert, 24/II/1879+; London. * ILLIES 1964b:212. Synonym of Pictetoperla gayi. * KIMMINS 1970:345. ? holotype in London.

nahuelina ÁNeoperla} (NAVÁS 1918):83. Holotype, ?: ARGENTINA: Río Negro; Nahuel Huapí ÁBRUCH, II/1898]; La Plata. * AUBERT 1956b:441. Type in Buenos Aires (i.e., La Plata)* ILLIES 1964b:212. Synonym of Pictetoperla gayi.

repanda ÁPerla} (BANKS 1920):320; pl. 4, figs. 46-47 (base of forewing; ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: CHILE *Hagen+; MCZ. * ÁPictetoperla} ILLIES 1964b:217, figs. 9-10 (? holotype: terminalia ventral, detail of penis; ?: terminalia ventral; nymph: head; mandible; maxilla); CHILE and ARGENTINA, on higher parts of the Andes, from 33° to 45°S. * ILLIES 1966:350. * JOOST 1976:206. CHILE: VII: Cauquenes. * STARK 2001b:420, figs. 55-56 (? st9, intersegmental microtrichia).

Fossils

Gripopterygidae

[dagger]Euxenoperlinae RIEK 1976

[dagger]Euxenoperlinae RIEK 1976: 766

Genus Gondwanoperlidium PINTO & PURPER 1978

[dagger]Gondwanoperlidium PINTO & PURPER 1978:79. Species typica, original designation: Gondwanoperlidium argentinarum PINTO & PURPER.

Distribution: Argentina: Mendoza, Potrerillos Formation, Cacheuta Group, Upper Triassic.

argentinarum PINTO & PURPER 1978:80, Pl. I, fig. 3; Pl II, fig. 1 (distal half of forewing). Holotype: ARGENTINA: Mendoza, 14 km W Mendoza, Potrerillos Formation, Cacheuta Group, Upper Triassic; La Plata.

mendozensis PINTO & PURPER 1978:81, Pl. I, fig. 4; Pl II, fig. 2 (distal half of forewing). Holotype: ARGENTINA: Mendoza, 14 km W Mendoza, Potrerillos Formation, Cacheuta Group, Upper Triassic; Cordoba.

Genus [dagger]Argentinoperlidium MARTINS-NETO & GALLEGO 2003:236. Species typica, original designation: Argentinoperlidium rogersi MARTINS-NETO & GALLEGO.

Distribution: Argentina, Mendoza.

rogersi MARTINS-NETO & GALLEGO 2003:236, fig. 2E (wing fragment). Holotype: ARGENTINA: Mendoza, Cerro Cacheuta; Potrerillos Formation, late Middle Triassic to early Late Triassic. La Plata.

[dagger]Perlapsocidae

Perlapsocidae PINTO & PIÑEIRO 2000:92

Genus [dagger]Perlapsocus PINTO & PIÑEIRO 2000:94. Species typica, original designation: Perlapsocus formosoi PINTO & PIÑEIRO.

Distribution: Uruguay.

formosoi PINTO & PIÑEIRO 2000:94, figs. 4B1, 5, 7 (fore wing). Holotype: URUGUAY: Cerro Largo, Estancia "El Baron". Mangrullo Member, Melo Formation, Permian.

Perlidae

Anacroneuriinae

Genus [dagger]Dominiperla STARK & Lentz 1992:94. Species typica, monotypy, Dominiperla antigua STARK.

Distribution: Dominican amber.

antigua STARK & LENTZ 1992:95, figs.1-5 (fore wing, details of fore wings, ? terminalia ventral). Holotype, ?: Dominican amber, exact locality unknown. NMNH.

Acroneuriinae?

Genus [dagger]Euperlida CIFUENTES-RUIZ 2007:674. Species typica, monotypy, Euperlida parvicercifera CIFUENTES-RUIZ.

Distribution: Oligocene Coatzingo Formation, Puebla, Mexico.

parvicercifera CIFUENTES-RUIZ 2007:674, fig. 2 (photograph and reconstruction).

Nomina nuda/oblita

Nemoura rufescens BLANCHARD 1851:102, pl. 1, fig. 5 (habitus). Holotype: CHILE: XIV: Valdivia; VIII: San Carlos. * AUBERT 1960:60. Nomen nudum. * ILLIES 1961:99. Nomen nudum. * ILLIES 1966:472. Nomen oblitum.

Perla infuscata BLANCHARD 1851 (nec NEWMAN 1838). In GAY, Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia 6:100. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia. Nomen praeoccupatum.

Perla blanchardi JACOBSON & BIANCHI 1905:617. Nom. nov. for Perla infuscata BLANCHARD. * ILLIES 1964b:209. Nomen nudum. * ILLIES 1966:498. Nomen oblitum.

Perla lineatocollis BLANCHARD 1851. In GAY, Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia 6:101. CHILE. * (lineaticollis); ILLIES 1964b:209. Nomen nudum. * ILLIES 1966:504. On account of the small body size, probably not a Perlidae. Nomen dubium.

Perla mexicana GUÉRIN 1838:394. MEXICO; missing. * ILLIES 1966:505. Possibly an Anacroneuria. Nomen oblitum. * STARK & KONDRATIEFF 2004:1. A species that cannot be recognized.

Perla stictica BLANCHARD 1851. In GAY, Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile, Zoologia 6:100. CHILE: XIV: Valdivia. * ILLIES 1964b:209. Nomen nudum. * ILLIES 1966:508. On account of the small body size, probably not a Perlidae. Nomen dubium.

Sidebar

TAXA INDEX

Abranchioperla 140

Abranchioperlidae 140

achagua, Anacroneuria 145

Acroneuriini 122

Acroneuriinae 122, 144, 187

acutipennis, Anacroneuria 145, 155

adamsae, Anacroneuria 145

aethiops, Perla, Anacroneuria 145

alajuela, Anacroneuria 145

albimacula, Anacroneuria 145

Alfonsoperla 122, 130, 137

altera, Antarctoperla 126

alterosarum, Kempnyia 179

amaru, Anacroneuria 145

amazonica, Anacroneuria 145, 161

amboro, Anacroneuria 146

ampla, Anacroneuria 146

Anacroneuria 118, 119, 120, 122, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 174, 177, 180, 181, 183, 187

Anacroneuriinae 187

Anacroneuriini 122

anae, Macrogynoplax 183

anchicaya, Anacroneuria 146

anderssoni, Antarctoperla 126

Andesobius 122, 124, 125

Andiperla 122, 126, 130

Andiperlinae 126, 128, 130

Andiperlodes 122, 126, 130

anga, Paragripopteryx 135

angusticollis, Anacroneuria 146, 157, 163

annularis, Perla, Anacroneuria 146

annulata, Diamphipnoa 123

annulicauda, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 146, 157, 158, 160, 163, 171

annulipalpis, Anacroneuria 146, 147, 168

antarctica, Leuctra, Udamocercia 144

Antarctoperla 122, 126, 127, 129, 140

Antarctoperlinae 122, 126, 128, 129, 135

antica, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 147, 188

antigua, Dominiperla 187

antizana, Anacroneuria 147

apicalis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 147, 176

appollinaris, apollinaris, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 147, 188

Araucanioperla 122, 126, 127, 129, 135

araucoana, Austronemoura 142

arawak, Anacroneuria 147

arcabuco, Anacroneuria 147

Archiperlaria 122

archiplatae, Abranchioperla, Notoperla 140, 141

arcuata, Anacroneuria 147

areolata, Neofulla 143

argentinarum, Gondwanoperlidium 186

Argentinoperlidium 186

armillata, Klapopteryx 125, 187

aroucana, Anacroneuria 147

arrazaylensis, Anacroneuria 147

arumifera, Udamocercia 144

aterrima, Macrogynoplax, Kempnyia 179, 181

atrifrons, Anacroneuria 147

atrinota, Anacroneuria 147

auberti, Austronemoura 142

auberti, Kempnyia 179

auberti, Teutoperla 137

Aubertoperla 122, 130

auca, Anacroneuria 148

augustibraueri, Inconeuria, Klapalekia 183

aurata, Anacroneuria 148

Austronemoura 122, 142, 144

Austroperlidae 118, 119, 122, 124, 135

aymara, Anacroneuria 148

azul, Anacroneuria 148

badilinea, Anacroneuria 148

baniva, Anacroneuria 148

baratinii, Paragripopteryx 135

barbata, Penturoperla 125 barbiellinii, Forca, Kempnyia 179, 180

bari, Anacroneuria 148

barilochensis, Klapopteryx, Andesobius 124, 125

barrosi, Neonemura 143, 187, 188

baumanni, Anacroneuria 148

beckeri, Guaranyperla 134

benedettoi, Anacroneuria 148

beschi, Chilenoperla 127,128

beschi, Diamphipnopsis 123

bifasciata, Perla, Anacroneuria 148

biloba, Anacroneuria 149

biloba, Neofulla 143

bipunctata, Anacroneuria 149

blanca, Anacroneuria 149

blanchardi, Perla 187

blanda, Anacroneuria 149

blanda, Paragripopteryx 132,135

bolivari, Anacroneuria 149

boliviensis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 149

bonita, Enderleina 177

boraceiensis, Anacroneuria 149

borggreenae, Plegoperla 129

bovei, Notoperla 140

brailovskyi, Anacroneuria 149

brandaoi, Anacroneuria 149

brasilica, Forca, Kempnyia 180

brasiliensis, Gripoptera, Gripopteryx 131, 132, 133

brasiliensis, Perla, Kempnyia 180

brevicollis, Anacroneuria 149, 154

brincki, Antarctoperla, Araucanioperla 126, 127

brundini, Pictetoperla 179, 187

brundini, Teutoperla 137

brunneilata, Anacroneuria 149

buenoi, Anacroneuria 149

bulbosa, Anacroneuria 150

bullocki, Gripopteryx, Araucanioperla 127

cacute, Anacroneuria 150

cajas, Anacroneuria 150

calabriae, Kempnyia 180, 182

calima, Anacroneuria 150

callanga, Anacroneuria 150

camposi, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 150

cana, Anacroneuria 150

cancellata, Capnia, Gripopteryx 131, 132, 133, 135, 136

canchi, Anacroneuria 150

canelo, Anacroneuria 150

Capnia 131, 132, 138

caraa, Anacroneuria 150

caraca, Anacroneuria 150

caraja, Anacroneuria 150

caramavidensis, Austronemoura 142, 143

carchi, Anacroneuria 150

carole, Anacroneuria 151

cathia, Anacroneuria 151

cayapa, Anacroneuria 151

Ceratoperla 122, 127

chachis, Anacroneuria 151

chaima, Anacroneuria 151

chavin, Anacroneuria 151

chiapasa, Anacroneuria 151, 167

chilena, Austronemoura 142

Chilenoperla 122, 126, 127

chimborazo, Anacroneuria 151

chimu, Inconeuria 178

chipaya, Anacroneuria 151

chiquita, Anacroneuria 151

Chloroperla 155

choachi, Anacroneuria 151

choco, Anacroneuria 151

chorrera, Anacroneuria 151

cincta, Perla, Anacroneuria 151

cipriano, Anacroneuria 152

citara, Anacroneuria 152

claudiae, Anacroneuria 152

Claudioperla 122, 126, 131, 137

CO-1, Anacroneuria 163, 176

CO-1, Macrogynoplax 177

CO-2, Anacroneuria 176

CO-3, Anacroneuria 176

CO-4, Anacroneuria 176

CO-5, Anacroneuria 176

CO-6, Anacroneuria 176

CO-7, Anacroneuria 176

CO-8, Anacroneuria 176

CO-9, Anacroneuria 177

CO-10, Anacroneuria 177

cochabamba, Anacroneuria 152

Coeloperla 145, 166

colberti, Diamphipnoa 123

Collampla 179, 182

collaris, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 152

colossica, Kempnyia 179, 180

comanche, Anacroneuria 152, 160

conspicua, Notoperla 140

contrerasi, Anacroneuria 152

cordillera, Anacroneuria 152

coroicana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 152

coronata, Anacroneuria 152

coruja, Gripopteryx 132, 133

coscaroni, Anacroneuria 152

cosnipata, Anacroneuria 152

costalis, Perla, Anacroneuria 153, 156

costalis, Klapopteryx 125

costalis, Nigroperla 185

costana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 153, 188

cotacachi, Anacroneuria 153

cotopaxi, Anacroneuria 153

crassila, Paragripopteryx 134, 135

crenulata, Anacroneuria 153, 160, 168, 173

cruza, Anacroneuria 153

cuadrada, Anacroneuria 153

curiosa, Anacroneuria 153, 156

cusi, Anacroneuria 153

cuzco, Anacroneuria 153

dampfi, Anacroneuria 154, 167

debilis, Perla, Anacroneuria 149, 154

decipiens, Austronemoura 142

delicata, Macrogynoplax 184

delicata, Paragripopteryx 135

Diamphipnoa 122, 123, 187

Diamphipnoidae 122, 123

Diamphipnoinae 122

Diamphipnopsis 122, 123

diaphana, Anacroneuria 154

digitata, Anacroneuria 154

dilaticollis, Perla, Anacroneuria 154, 64, 66

dimidiata, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 154

Dinotoperlinae 122, 129

Diperla 179, 182

divisa, Forquilla, Anacroneuria 145, 154

Dominiperla 187

dourada, dousada, Anacroneuria 154

egena, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 154, 188

egena, Paragripopteryx 136

eleonorae, Paragripopteryx, Tupiperla 138

elisae, Gripopteryx 132

elongata, Chilenoperla 128

encoensis, Austronemoura 142

Enderleina 122, 177

enderleini, Gripopteryx 131

eudoxiae, Austronemoura 142, 143

Eustheniidae 122, 124

Eustheniinae 122, 124

Eusthenioidea 122

Eutactophlebia 179, 181, 182

Euxenoperlinae 186

expansa, Anacroneuria 145, 154

exquisita, Anacroneuria 155

Falklandoperla 131, 140

farallonensis, Anacroneuria 155

fasciata, Notoperla 140

fazi, Notoperla, Ceratoperla 127

femina, Notoperlopsis 141

fenestrata, Perla, Anacroneuria 155, 188

fiorentini, Anacroneuria 155

fittkaui, Anacroneuria 155

flava, Kempnyia 180

flavicoronata, Anacroneuria 155

flavifacies, Anacroneuria 155

flavifrons, Anacroneuria 155

flavilatera, Anacroneuria 155

flavolineata, Anacroneuria 155

flavominuta, Anacroneuria 153, 155

flinti, Alfonsoperla 130, 137

flinti, Anacroneuria 156

flinti, Enderleina 177, 178

flinti, Gripopteryx 132

flinti, Macrogynoplax 184

flinti, Tupiperla 138

flintorum, Anacroneuria 156

flintorum, Austronemoura 142

Forca 179, 180

forcipata, Anacroneuria 156

formosoi, Perlapsocus 187

Forquilla 145, 154, 168, 173, 174

frantzi, Udamocercia 144

froehlichi, Enderleina 178

fuegiana, Antarctoperla, Notoperla 140

Fulla 143

fulvata, Nedanta, Kempnyia 180, 181

fulvipennis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 156

fumigata, Anacroneuria 156

furfurosa, Anacroneuria 156

fusca, Nedanta, Kempnyia 145, 179, 180, 181, 183

fuscescens, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 156, 188

fuscicosta, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 156

galba, Anacroneuria 156

garbei, Gripopteryx 132, 135

gayi, Perla, Macrogynoplax, Pictetoperla 185, 186, 187, 188

geijskesii, Macrogynoplax 184

genualis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 156

genualis, Kempnyella 178, 179, 186

Genus ca. Anacroneuria 177

goiana, Kempnyia 180

Gondwanoperlidium 186

gr. crenulata, Anacroneuria 173

gracilenta, Acroneuria, Kempnyia 181, 182

gracilis, Semblis, Gripopteryx, Paragripopteryx, Tupiperla 136, 138, 139

Gripoptera 131, 133

Gripopterygidae 122, 125, 126, 134, 135, 136, 139, 186

Gripopteryginae 122, 130, 131, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141

Gripopterygoidea 122, 124

Gripopteryx 118, 122, 126, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 187

group A, Gripopterygidae, Gripopteryx 134

group B, Gripopterygidae, Gripopteryx 134

group C, Gripopterygidae, Tupiperla 139

group D, Gripopterygidae, Paragripopteryx 136

GU-1, Anacroneuria 177

GU-2, Anacroneuria 177

GU-3, Anacroneuria 177

GU-4, Anacroneuria 177

GU-5, Anacroneuria 177

guaikuru, Anacroneuria 157

guambiana, Anacroneuria 157

guapiara, Guaranyperla 134

Guaranyperla 122, 134

guardae, Paragripopteryx 136

guassu, Kempnyia 181

guatemalensis, Anacroneuria 146, 157

guayanensis, Macrogynoplax 159, 183, 184

guayaquil, Anacroneuria 157

hacha, Anacroneuria 157

hamata, Paragripopteryx 136

handlirschi, Anacroneuria 146, 157

harperi, Anacroneuria 157

helgae, Diamphipnoa 123

hemiphaea, Anacroneuria 157

heppneri, Anacroneuria 157

hieroglyphica, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 157

holdgatei, Andiperlodes 130

holzenthali, Anacroneuria 157

hoogstraali, hoogstrati, Anacroneuria 158

huayna, Anacroneuria 158

hyalina, Perla, Anacroneuria 146, 158, 162

hyalinipennis, var., Gripopteryx, Potamoperla 137

ignatiana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 158

iguaque, Anacroneuria 158

illiesi, Aubertoperla 130

illiesi, Chilenoperla 128

illiesi, Neonemura 144

illiesi, Tupiperla 138

Illiesia 143

impensa, Anacroneuria 158

Inca 178

inca, Anacroneuria 158

Inconeuria 122, 178, 185

infuscata, Perla 187

intermixta, Anacroneuria 158

inza, Anacroneuria 158

iporanga, Anacroneuria 158

iridescens, Anacroneuria 158

isleta, Anacroneuria 158

isoscelia, Nedanta, Anacroneuria 145, 159, 160

itajaimirim, Anacroneuria 159

izapa, Anacroneuria 159

jaciara, Anacroneuria 159

jaffueli, Gripopteryx, Limnoperla 134, 135, 187

jatim, Kempnyia 181

jewetti, Anacroneuria 159

Jewettoperla 132, 135, 136

jivaro, Anacroneuria 159

juetah, Gripopteryx 132

jumirim, Tupiperla 138

kanuku, Macrogynoplax 184

karina, Anacroneuria 159

kelper, Falklandoperla 131, 140

Kempnyella 122, 178, 179, 185, 186

Kempnyia 122, 160, 179, 180, 181, 182, 186

kitchensi, Anacroneuria 159

klapaleki, Paragripopteryx 135, 136

Klapalekia 122, 183

Klapopteryx 122, 124, 125, 133, 187

klugii, Perla, Kempnyia 180, 181, 182

kondratieffi, Anacroneuria 159

kuscheli, Aubertoperla 131

kuscheli, Klapopteryx 125

kuscheli, Megandiperla 128

lacarina, Neoperla, Pictetoperla 186

lacunaris, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 159

lacunosa, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 159

Laeissa 179, 180

laminata, Anacroneuria 159

larval type A, Araucanioperla? 127, 129, 135

larval type B, Araucanioperla? 129

larval type C, Araucanioperla? 127

larval type X, Teutoperla? 130, 137

laticeps, Neoperla, Macrogynoplax 159, 184

latissima, Anacroneuria 159

lepida, Anacroneuria 160

Leptoperlinae 122, 140

Leptoperloidea 124

lestagei, Peltoperla, Anacroneuria 160

Leuctra 144

liana, Gripopteryx 132

lichenalis, Diamphipnoa 123

limbatella, Onychoplax 185

Limnoperla 122, 134, 135

lineata, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 160, 171

lineatocollis, lineaticollis, Perla 187

litura, Anacroneuria 152, 153, 160, 168

llaima, Puhenioperla 128

llana, Anacroneuria 160

longicauda, Perla, Anacroneuria 149, 159, 160, 164

longinqua, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 160

loreto, Anacroneuria 160

lupaca, Anacroneuria 160

luteicollis, Perla, Anacroneuria 160

macdowalli, Notoperla 141

Macrogynoplax 122, 159, 161, 179, 181, 183, 184, 186, 187

maculata, Neonemura 144

maculosa, Gripopteryx 133

magellanica, Kempnyia, Pictetoperla 186

magnaspina, Notoperla 141

magnirufa, Anacroneuria 161

major, Anacroneuria 161

makushi, Anacroneuria 161

manauensis, Anacroneuria 161

marauia, Macrogynoplax 184

marca, Anacroneuria 161

marcapatica, Inconeuria 178

marginata, Anacroneuria 161

maritza, Anacroneuria 161

marlieri, Anacroneuria 146, 161

marshalli, Anacroneuria 161

marta, Anacroneuria 162

matogrossensis, Macrogynoplax 184

maulina,Teutoperla 137

media, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 162, 188

Megandiperla 122, 126, 128

melagona, Kempnyia 181

melzeri, Anacroneuria 162

mendozensis, Gondwanoperlidium 186

menuda, Anacroneuria 162

merui, Paragripopteryx 136

meta, Anacroneuria 162

mexicana, Perla 187

michaelseni, Antarctoperla 126, 127

michelbacheri, Gripopteryx 136

Microplagia 183

Microplax 183

mindo, Anacroneuria 162

minuta, Anacroneuria 162

mirim, Kempnyia 181

misionera, Tupiperla 138

mixteca, Anacroneuria 162

moche, Anacroneuria 162

mochica, Anacroneuria 162

modesta, Tupiperla 138

mollis, Anacroneuria 146, 158, 162

montera, Anacroneuria 162

morena, Anacroneuria 163

morio, Perla, Anacroneuria 163

muesca, Anacroneuria 163

munchique, Anacroneuria 163

munoai, Paragripopteryx 136

myrmidon, Perla, Potamoperla 136, 137

nahuelina, Neoperla, Pictetoperla 186

naomi, Anacroneuria 163

nazca, Anacroneuria 163

neblina, Macrogynoplax 184

Nedanta 145, 159, 160, 179, 180, 181, 183

Nemouroidea 122

neofriburgensis, Gripopteryx 138, 139, 187

Neofulla 122, 143

Neonemura 122, 143, 187, 188

Neopentura 122, 127, 129, 135

Neoperla 146, 147, 149, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 174, 178, 182, 184, 186, 188

neotropica, Perla, Kempnyia 180, 181, 183

Neuroperla 122, 124

Neuroperlopsis 122, 124

nigrocincta, Perla, Anacroneuria 146, 163

nigrolineata, Anacroneuria 163

Nigroperla 122, 185

nitens, Guaranyperla 134

Notonemouridae 118, 119, 122, 142

Notonemourinae 142, 144, 163

Notoperla 122, 127, 140, 141

Notoperlopsis 122, 141

novateutonia, Anacroneuria 163

obscura, Perla 181

obtusa, Kempnyia 181

ocellata Neoperla, Anacroneuria 164

ochracea, Anacroneuria 164

oculatila, Anacroneuria 164

ofaye, Anacroneuria 164

ohausiana, Anacroneuria 164

oliveirai, Kempnyia 181

oliveirai, Tupiperla 138

olmec, Anacroneuria 164

oncina, Gripopteryx 136

Onychoplax 122, 185

oreja, Anacroneuria 164

orphana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 164

otun, Anacroneuria 164

pacaje, Anacroneuria 164

pachacuti, Anacroneuria 164

pacifica, Anacroneuria 165

paez, Anacroneuria 165

paisa, Anacroneuria 165

pakitza, Anacroneuria 165

paleta, Anacroneuria 165

pallens, Anacroneuria 165

pallida, Anacroneuria 165

panguipullii, Gripopteryx, Senzilloides 141, 187

Paragripopteryginae 126, 130, 131, 134, 135, 136, 137

Paragripopteryx 122, 132, 135, 136, 138, 139, 188

pardina, Gripopteryx 132, 133

pareja, Anacroneuria 165

paria, Anacroneuria 165

parilobata, Anacroneuria 165

parva, Anacroneuria 165

pastaza, Anacroneuria 165

pastora, Anacroneuria 166

patris, Neuroperlopsis 124

paulina, Anacroneuria 145, 166

payagua, Anacroneuria 166

PE-1, Anacroneuria 177

pehlkei, pehlke, Anacroneuria 166

pellucida, Anacroneuria 166

Peltoperla 160

Pelurgoperla 122, 127, 129

penai, Rhithroperla 137

Penturoperla 122, 124, 125

Penturoperlidae 124

pequena, Anacroneuria 166

perija, Anacroneuria 166

Perla 123, 136, 145, 146, 148, 151, 152, 153 154, 155, 158, 160, 162, 163, 168, 170, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 185, 186, 187, 188

Perlidae 119, 122, 144, 185, 187

Perlapsocidae 186, 187

Perlapsocus 187

Perloidea 122, 144

perplexa, Anacroneuria 166

perpusilla, Anacroneuria 166

personata, Pelurgoperla 129

peruviana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 166, 188

petersi, Anacroneuria 166

petersorum, Kempnyia 182

petropolitana, Collampla, Kempnyia 179, 182

phantoma, Anacroneuria 167

Pictetoperla 122, 179, 185, 186

pictipes, Anacroneuria 167

pilosa, Gripopteryx 133

pinima, Gripopteryx 133

pinza, Anacroneuria 167

pirata, Uncicauda 139

pirioni, Gripopteryx 134

pirioni, Gemnra, Nemura 144, 187

pistacina, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 167

plagata, plagiata, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 167

planada, Anacroneuria 167

planicollis, Anacroneuria 151,154, 167, 168

plaumanni, Anacroneuria 146, 167

Plegoperla 122, 129

plutonis,Neoperla, Anacroneuria 167, 168, 173

polita, Perla, Anacroneuria 168

poranga, Macrogynoplax 184

porteri, Neoperla, Perla, Inconeuria 178, 188

portilla, Anacroneuria 168

posticata, postica, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 168

Potamoperla 122, 136, 137, 139

preclara, Enderleina 177, 178

proxima, Anacroneuria 160, 168

profunda, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 168

Pseudoperla 154, 163

pucallpa, Anacroneuria 168

Puhenioperla 128

puerilis, Chilenoperla 128

pulchra, Macrogynoplax 184

puna, Anacroneuria 168

punctata, Antarctoperla, Plegoperla 129

quadrangularis, Austronemoura 143

quadriloba, Anacroneuria 147, 168

quechua, Anacroneuria 168

quetzalcoatl, Anacroneuria 169

quijo, Anacroneuria 169

quilla, Anacroneuria 169

quimbaya, Anacroneuria 169

ramealis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 169

ratcliffei, Anacroneuria 169

rawlinsi, Anacroneuria 169

reedi, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 169

regleta, Anacroneuria 169

reichardti, Kempnyia 182

reichardti, Tupiperla 138

remota, Neoperla, Kempnyia 182

repanda, Neoperla, Pictetoperla 185, 186

reticulata, Gripopteryx 118, 133

reticulata, Eutactophlebia, Kempnyia 179, 180, 182

reticulata, Paragripopteryx 188

Rhithroperla 122, 137

ricki, Anacroneuria 169

robusta, Tupiperla 139

rogersi, Argentinoperlidium 186

rondoniae, Anacroneuria 169

rosita, Anacroneuria 169

rossi, Anacroneuria 170

rossi, Gripopteryx, Rhithroperla 137

rothi, Teutoperla 137

rufescens, Nemoura 187

rugosa, Anacroneuria 170

ruizi, Gripopteryx, Antarctoperla 126

saltensis, Anacroneuria 170

samali, Diamphipnopsis 123, 124

sazimai, Kempnyia 182

schedingi, Stenoperla, Neuroperla 124

schmidti, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 170, 174

schwabei, Ceratoperla 127

segnini, Anacroneuria 170

Semblis 138

semifusca, Neopentura 127, 129, 135

semitincta, Chilenoperla 127, 128

senahu, Anacroneuria 170

Senzilla 140, 141

Senzillidae 140

Senzilloides 122, 141

serrana, Diperla, Kempnyia 179, 181, 182

serrei, Gripopteryx 132, 133

serrensis, Gripopteryx 133

shamatari, Anacroneuria 170

shepardi, Anacroneuria 170

signata, Perla, Anacroneuria 170

socapa, Anacroneuria 170

sonora, Anacroneuria 170

sordida, Kempnyia 182

sp., Anacroneuria Fiorentin & Corseuil 176

sp., Anacroneuria Needham & Broughton 176

sp., Anacroneuria Zwick 176

sp., Araucanioperla? 127

sp., Chilenoperla 128

sp., Claudiperla 131

sp., Jewett, Gripopteryx 135

sp., Klap{lek, Gripopteryx 134

sp., Klap{lek, Gripopteryx? 134

sp., Nemurella, Udamocercia 144

spp. Guaranyperla 134

sp. A, Anacroneuria Harper 176

sp. A, Anacroneuria Stark 145, 176

sp. A, Anacroneuria Maldonado et al. 171, 176

sp. A, Gripopteryginae 131, 139

sp. A, Guaranyperla 134

sp. A, Kempnyia 183

sp. A, Tupiperla 139

sp. B, Anacroneuria 157, 176

sp. B, Antarctoperlinae 129

sp.B, Tupiperla 139

sp. C, Anacroneuria 145, 176

sp. C, Tupiperla 139

sp. D, Anacroneuria 176

sp. D, Klapopteryx 125

sp. D, Tupiperla 139

sp. E, Anacroneuria 176

sp. E, Klapopteryx 125

sp. E, Tupiperla 139

sp. F, Anacroneuria 176

sp. F, Tupiperla 139

sp. I, Antarctoperlinae gen. 129

sp. II, Antarctoperlinae gen. 129

sp. III, Antarctoperlinae gen. 129

sp. IV, Antarctoperlinae gen. 129

spangleri, Anacroneuria 171

spangleri, Macrogynoplax 183, 185

species, Anacroneuria Roback 176

species A, Austronemoura 143

species B, Austronemoura 142, 143

species C, Austronemoura 142, 143

spectori, Anacroneuria 171

spinosa, Neofulla 143

stanjewetti, Anacroneuria 171

starki, Anacroneuria 171

Stenoperla 123, 124

Stenoperlinae 122, 124

stictica, Perla 187

subcostalis, Anacroneuria 119, 171

sulana, Anacroneuria 146, 160, 171

sulina, Tupiperla 139

tachira, Anacroneuria 171

takutu, Anacroneuria 171

talamanca, Anacroneuria 171

tamoya, Kempnyia 182

tatama, Anacroneuria 171

taunayi, Perla, Kempnyia 182

taylori, Anacroneuria 172

tayrona, Anacroneuria 172

tehuelche, Andiperlodes 130

tejon, Anacroneuria 172

tena, Anacroneuria 172

tenebrosa, Kempnyia 179, 182

tessellata, tesselata, Gripopteryx, Tupiperla 138, 139, 187

testacea, Potamoperla 139

Teutoperla 122, 130, 137

tigrina, Claudioperla 131, 137

tijucana, Kempnyia 183

timote, Anacroneuria 172

tincta, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 172

tinctilamella, Anacroneuria 172

tinga, Anacroneuria 172

tiwanaku, Anacroneuria 172

toni, Anacroneuria 172

toriba, Anacroneuria 172

tornada, Anacroneuria 172

trimacula, Anacroneuria 172

trinervis, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 173

tristani, Forquilla, Anacroneuria 168, 173

truncata, Macrogynoplax 185

tunasi, Anacroneuria 173

tunelina, Senzilla, Notoperla 140, 141

tungurahua, Anacroneuria 173

tupi, Anacroneuria 173

Tupiperla 122, 137, 138, 139

tzapino, Anacroneuria 173

uatsi, Anacroneuria 173

ucumari, Anacroneuria 173

Udamocercia 122, 144

umbrina, Kempnyia 183

umbya, Tupiperla 139

Uncicauda 122, 139

undulosa, Anacroneuria 173

unicolor, Anacroneuria 146, 173

uru, Anacroneuria 173

uruguaya, uruguayana, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 173

uyara, Anacroneuria 174

valle, Anacroneuria 174

vanini, Anacroneuria 174

vanini, Kempnyia 86

varia, Nedanta 180, 183

variegata, Anacroneuria 170, 174

varilla, Anacroneuria 174

varipes, Kempnyia 160, 183

veneranda, Macrogynoplax 185

ventana, Anacroneuria 174

venulata, Gripopteryx 134

vespertilio, Anacroneuria 174

viduata, Neoperla, Anacroneuria 174

vilcabamba, Anacroneuria 174

virescentipennis, Diamphipnoa, Perlinella 123, 124, 187, 188

viridis, Anacroneuria 174

vistosa, Anacroneuria 174

vitripennis, Anacroneuria 174

v-nigrum, Forquilla, Anacroneuria 174

VZ-1, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-2, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-3, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-4, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-5, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-6, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-7, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-8, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-9, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-10, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-11, Anacroneuria 177

VZ-12, Anacroneuria 177

walperi, Kempnyella 80, 81

wapishana, Anacroneuria 175

wari, Anacroneuria 175

wellsi, Anacroneuria 175

werneri, Notoperla 29

willinki, Andiperla 14

wincha, Anacroneuria 175

wipukupa, Anacroneuria 175

woytkowskii, Anacroneuria 175

xinguensis, Anacroneuria 175

x-nigrum, Anacroneuria 175

yameo, Anacroneuria 175

yano, Enderleina 177, 178

ypsilon, Anacroneuria 175

ytuguazu, Anacroneuria 175

yupanqui, Macrogynoplax 185

zaculeu, Anacroneuria 175

zaga, Anacroneuria 175

zamora, Anacroneuria 175

zapata, Anacroneuria 176

zarpa , Anacroneuria 176

Zelandoperlinae 122, 141

zikanina, Klapopteryx, Gripopteryx 133

zunigae, Anacroneuria 176

zurbitui, Gripopteryx 132, 133

zwicki, Anacroneuria 176

Received 15 February 2010, Accepted 4 May 2010, Published 21 May 2010

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Appendix

Appendix

NAVÁS' secondary citations

Diamphipnoa virescentipennis; NAVÁS 1930b. CHILE: Paguipulli ÁPIRIÓN, 01/XII/1929].

Gripopteryx Jaffueli; NAVÁS 1930b:353. CHILE: Panguipulli Á01/I/1930; Long Long Á01/1/1930]; Cunco Á02/I/1930]; Marga Marga ÁX/1927] ÁPIRIÓN].

Gripopteryx neofriburgensis; NAVÁS 1926d:331. ÁCHILE]: Talca ÁH. Flaminio, II].

Gripopteryx Panguipulli; NAVÁS 1930b:354. ÁCHILE]: Panguipulli ÁPIRIÓN, 01-09/I/1930].

Gripopteryx tessellata; NAVÁS 1934b:163. CHILE: Santiago ÁA FAZ, XII/1925].

Klapopteryx armillata; NAVÁS 1930b:355. ÁCHILE]: Panguipulli ÁPIRIÓN, 29/XI/1929].

Macrogynoplax Gayi BLANCH.; NAVÁS 1930b:355. ÁCHILE]: Long Long ÁPIRIÓN, 10/I/1930].

Nemura Pirioni; NAVÁS 1930b:356. ÁCHILE]: Concepción *PIRIÓN, X/1927].

Neonemura Barrosi; NAVÁS 1929c:23. CHILE: ÁMaule], PanimÁvida.

Neonemura Barrosi; NAVÁS 1930b:356. ÁCHILE]: Cunco Á01/I/1930]; Panguipulli Á26/XII/1929].

Neoperla antica; NAVÁS 1926b:90. COSTA RICA: Orosí; PANAMA: Lino.

Neoperla antica; NAVÁS 1929b:80. COSTA RICA: San José.

Neoperla apollinaris; NAVÁS 1932b:312. COLOMBIA ÁQuindio], Armenia, 1800m ÁF DUCHARTRE, 10/X/1930]; Paris.

Neoperla costana; NAVÁS 1926b:90. COSTA RICA: San José and Orosí. Paris.

Neoperla costana; NAVÁS 1926c:108. GUATEMALA ÁANGRAUD]; Paris.

Neoperla costana; NAVÁS 1928:119. BOLIVIA: ÁLa Paz], Coroico.

Neoperla costana; NAVÁS 1929b:80. COSTA RICA: San José ÁHENRY SCHMIDT, V-VIII/1910]; Limón ÁNEVERMANN X/1921]; Hamburg.

Neoperla egena; NAVÁS 1928:119. BOLIVIA: ÁLa Paz], Coroico.

Neoperla egena; NAVÁS, 1929a:80. ECUADOR: Pucay, W Cordillere ÁFR. OHAUS, 3-26.VI.1905]. Hamburg.

Neoperla fenestrata; NAVÁS 1928:119. BOLIVIA: ÁLa Paz], Coroico.

Neoperla fenestrata; NAVÁS 1936:727. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Serra de Macaé *29/VII/1909]; São Paulo, Alto da Serra *XII/1907+; São Paulo.

Neoperla fuscescens; NAVÁS 1936:727. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Serra de Macaé *29/X/1909+; São Paulo.

Neoperla media; NAVÁS 1928:119. ECUADOR: Azogues, BibliÁn.

Neoperla media; NAVÁS 1929b:80. BOLIVIA or CHILE ÁBOECK]; Hamburg.

Neoperla media; NAVÁS 1936:727. BRAZIL: Santa Catarina. São Paulo.

Neoperla peruviana; NAVÁS 1928:119. PARAGUAY: ÁItapúa], Hohenau.

Neoperla peruviana; NAVÁS 1929a:80. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro; Petrópolis *FR. OHAUS, I/1909]; Hamburg.

Neoperla Porteri; NAVÁS 1928:119. CHILE: Panguipulli Á17/XI/1924]. Details of male.

Neoperla Porteri; NAVÁS 1930b:355. ÁCHILE]: Panguipulli ÁPIRIÓN, 16/XII/1929]. Three specimens.

Paragripopteryx reticulata; NAVÁS 1934b:163. CHILE: Panguipulli Á22/XI/1927].

Perla Gayi; NAVÁS 1928:119. CHILE: ÁMalleco], Lonquimay Á1925].

Perla Gayi; NAVÁS 1929c:23. CHILE: Bío Bío ÁF RUIZ].

Perla Gayi; NAVÁS 1930a:72. CHILE: ÁAtacama], Copiapó. *XI/1853+.

Perla Porteri; NAVÁS 1934a:22. CHILE: Choapa ÁF Ruiz, II/1931]; Berlin.

Perlinella virescentipennis; NAVÁS 1918:81. ARGENTINA: Río Negro, Lago Nahuel Huapi, ÁBRUCH, II/1898]; NavÁs. *CHILE]: Valdivia y San Felipe.

Perlinella virescentipennis; NAVÁS 1924c:13. ÁCHILE]: Araucanía *A VICUÑA G].

Perlinella virescentipennis; NAVÁS 1926d:331. ÁCHILE]: Curacautín *F RUIZ, 1922].