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Bacteriophages may combat infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. They are considered as a potential alternative to the classic antibiotics and an important tool in the fight against dangerous strains of bacteria of infected patients. Chanishvili reported on past and current phage therapy (PT) in countries which have used this form of therapy as a standard along with traditional clinical treatment (1). Phages may be used in the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria, which constitute a substantial problem. They may find application in therapeutic or prophylactic medicine. Phages may be used alone or together with antibiotics, probiotics or synbiotics. Experimental data indicate that phages systemically administered to animals induce high level of antiphage-neutralizing antibodies (2). It should be noted that studies on antiphage-antibody responses in animals frequently include the use of Freund's adjuvant as a co-stimulatory agent (3,4). Approximately 50% of patients undergoing PT are immunodeficient (5), so it is not possible to extrapolate the data derived from mice’ studies to the clinical setting. One of the important problems of PT in humans is the induction of antiphage antibodies that could decrease the lytic activity of bacteriophages (5-7). The level of antiphage activity of sera (AAS) may depend on the route of phage administration, phage type and type of infection (8). Our preliminary studies indicated that high AAS was induced in 12.3% of patients from 15 to 60 days of PT. High AAS appeared during local or per os and local phage administration (8). Per os PT mostly induced low levels of AAS (5,8,9). Also, the immune status of the patients may have been significant for the production of antiphage antibodies (5). Pagava et al. studied the phage neutralization by blood serum of 31 children aged from 5 days to 15 years with different bacterial diseases (10). Patients received phage cocktail against different types of bacteria per os. Antibodies neutralizing 52.5-97.3% of the phage activity were observed on day 14 of PT in 45.2% of patients. Low or lack of antiphage antibodies during PT was demonstrated in newborns and infants. The next paper of Pagava et al. reported on research of phage neutralization by sera of 65 children from infants to an age of 15 years with different diagnoses (11). Phage...