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Copyright © 2018 Islam Rady et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

Graviola (Annona muricata) is a small deciduous tropical evergreen fruit tree, belonging to the Annonaceae family, and is widely grown and distributed in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The aerial parts of graviola have several functions: the fruits have been widely used as food confectionaries, while several preparations, especially decoctions of the bark, fruits, leaves, pericarp, seeds, and roots, have been extensively used in traditional medicine to treat multiple ailments including cancers by local communities in tropical Africa and South America. The reported therapeutic benefits of graviola against various human tumors and disease agents in in vitro culture and preclinical animal model systems are typically tested for their ability to specifically target the disease, while exerting little or no effect on normal cell viability. Over 212 phytochemical ingredients have been reported in graviola extracts prepared from different plant parts. The specific bioactive constituents responsible for the major anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and other health benefits of graviola include different classes of annonaceous acetogenins (metabolites and products of the polyketide pathway), alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, and others. This review summarizes the current understanding of the anticancer effects of A. muricata and its constituents on diverse cancer types and disease states, as well as efficacy and safety concerns. It also includes discussion of our current understanding of possible mechanisms of action, with the hope of further stimulating the development of improved and affordable therapies for a variety of ailments.

Details

Title
Anticancer Properties of Graviola (Annona muricata): A Comprehensive Mechanistic Review
Author
Rady, Islam 1 ; Bloch, Melissa B 2 ; Chamcheu, Roxane-Cherille N 3 ; Mbeumi, Sergette Banang 4 ; Anwar, Md Rafi 2 ; Mohamed, Hadir 5 ; Babatunde, Abiola S 6 ; Jules-Roger Kuiate 7 ; Noubissi, Felicite K 8 ; El Sayed, Khalid A 2 ; G Kerr Whitfield 9 ; Chamcheu, Jean Christopher 10   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA 
 School of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA 
 Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA; Madison West High School, 30 Ash St, Madison, WI 53726, USA 
 Division for Research and Innovation, POHOFI Inc., P.O. Box 44067, Madison, WI 53744, USA 
 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt 
 Department of Hematology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria 
 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon; Section for Research and Innovation, POHOFCAM, P.O. Box 175, Kumba, Cameroon 
 Division for Research and Innovation, POHOFI Inc., P.O. Box 44067, Madison, WI 53744, USA; Department of Biology/RCMI, Jackson State University, 1400 J R Lynch, 429 JAP, Jackson, MS 39217, USA 
 Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA 
10  Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA; School of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA 
Editor
Italo Tempera
Publication year
2018
Publication date
2018
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISSN
19420900
e-ISSN
19420994
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2087517943
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 Islam Rady et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/