Content area
Abstract
Mastering the challenges of a semester places high demands on students' self-regulated learning. Cognitive, metacognitive and resource-management learning strategies are performance-relevant aspects of self-regulated learning with which students can control their learning actions in a goal-oriented manner and resolve difficulties in the learning process. However, several open questions and desiderata become clear from the educational-psychological learning strategy research. In terms of content, there is a demand for a joint consideration of the components and processes of self-regulated learning. By combining both perspectives, this synopsis aims to identify and analyze influencing factors and necessary competencies as well as the dynamics and potentials of using learning strategies to cope with the challenges of studying. This is connected with the methodological desideratum of a situation-specific, action-oriented and longitudinal acquisition of the use of learning strategies in authentic learning situations. The primary goal of this synopsis is therefore to gather the use, influencing factors, and potentials of cognitive, metacognitive, and resource-related learning strategies in studies, taking into account the aforementioned desiderata. In order to achieve this goal, three empirical papers are drawn upon, which focus on current issues concerning the individual learning strategies from the perspectives mentioned above. The first article focused on the use of cognitive learning strategies across semesters and extended the existing research on patterns of use of cognitive learning strategies to include an action based acquisition as well as a longitudinal view. The results of the first article demonstrated differential student use of cognitive learning strategies across the semester and a performance-relevant pattern of use of these learning strategies. The second article addressed metacognitive learning strategies and was able to show potentials of semester-accompanying retrieval exercises in the form of non-graded performance tests with regard to metacognitive monitoring as well as students' examination performance in an authentic learning situation. However, contrary to the theoretical assumption, the results of the second article did not show any significant influence of external feedback on students' metacognitive monitoring. The third article investigated resource-based learning strategies of students who had to adapt their learning ad-hoc to digital distance learning in the home environment. The results of the third article showed a discrepancy between the intended and actual use of resource-management learning strategies, indicating an insufficient adaptation of learning to the new learning situation. In addition, a dependence of actual use on students' readiness for ad-hoc digital distance learning was found. Taken together, the empirical work in the synopsis expands the state of research on learning strategy use to include a longitudinal perspective and the consideration of students' self-regulated learning in important situations of study, such as the beginning of studies and the introduction of a new form of teaching. Thereby, process-based dynamics of strategy use and performance-relevant, metacognitive, and support-relevant potentials of learning strategies become apparent. Above all, these potentials with regard to the use and influencing factors of learning strategies as well as the associated methodological enhancements are used as a unifying discussion point.





