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Abstract
This study is a case study in which Charles H. Kraft's “Appropriate Contextualization for Words and Culture” and Paul G. Hiebert's “Critical Contextualization” were applied in the Creative Access Nations(CAN). The ‘biblical filial piety’ discovered by the late Pastor Choi Seong-gyu, who was the president of Seongsan Hyo Graduate School, was applied to missional work at the Youngsan Mission Center in Vietnam and expanded to church planting, discipleship ministry, and theological ministry. Biblical HYO is based on an incarnational relationship, and is about achieving missional harmony in the relationship between God and people, people and people, and people and nature.
The researcher has experienced that universal gospel of mankind was rejected and denied in Vietnam. The saying that the gospel is universal means that God has placed pro-gospel elements in each culture so that the gospel can be delivered with equal value to various peoples. In Vietnam, the pro-evangelical culture is the ‘HYO’ ideology. The driving force behind society is the idea of ‘HYO’ through the longlasting history of Vietnam.
Therefore, the researcher attempted to integrate biblical HYO and contextualization. The researcher emphasized that biblical HYO is an important missional tool that can dissolve hostile barriers. HYO is a term that replaces Filial Piety and is an abbreviation for ‘Harmony of Young and Old’. HYO values harmony. This study contains the following contents ;
1. Why can biblical HYO be a keyword for missions in Vietnam? First, historically, HYO was the driving force that drove Vietnamese families and society. Second, biblical HYO is incarnational and insists on relationship. The gospel must also wear the clothes of the recipient's culture and establish a relationship with the receiver. Therefore, when the gospel goes with biblical HYO, it will achieve harmony with the missional praxis. Third, biblical HYO aims for Receptor-Oriented Communication. In order to describe a Receptor-Oriented Communication, the researcher quote the theory of ‘I-Thou’ by Martin Buber's for personal relationship. These are the reasons that biblical HYO can be a keyword for missions in Vietnam.
2. Research Questions : First, what is the biblical HYO? Second, what are the differences between biblical HYO and traditional HYO (HYO according to Buddhism and Confucianism), and what is HYO for Vietnamese people? Third, what kind of impact did biblical HYO have on the Youngsan Mission Center? Can ‘HYO’ in Vietnam build up the appropriate contextualization for the Word and culture?
3. Risk Factors : While sharing the gospel with ‘biblical HYO’, we should not be overlooked some negative factors as follows ; First, it is syncretism. It may appear mixed with ideas such as idolatry or ancestor worship. Second, it is a retreat of the gospel. Biblical HYO takes harmony as its basic spirit, so establishing relationships with other religions or cultures, There is a risk that giving priority to relationships will set back the gospel. Third, there are some cases that HYO will be abused or misused. HYO is not gospel. However, HYO is an indispensable tool for sharing the gospel. In order to overcome these negative factors and achieve appropriate contextualization, missionaries should have clear identity of their own. To this end, this study also included Max Warren's study on 'missionary homogenization'.
4. Dynamic Equivalence : In order for the gospel to be delivered with dynamic equivalence through biblical HYO, two things must be taken into consideration. First, there must be understanding and interpretation of culture. There should be an assumption that the cultures of all nations have the same values, rather than cultural chauvinism and ethnocentrism. The second is the hermeneutical community. The researcher suggests that when the gospel is interpreted in local culture, communities must be formed within a hermeneutic community and a space for continuous dialogue must be pursued.
Lastly, the researcher challenged that the contextualization theology or self-theology suitable for the Word and culture must be created in Vietnam through Missio-HYO Theology. Contextualized theology is a ‘theology in process’ (A Theology-0n-the-Way), ‘Missio-HYO Theology’ is also a ‘theology in process,’ and follow-up research must continue to develop into a cross-cultural theology. Spiritually, I hope that Missio-HYO Theology will lead Vietnam to become more accepting and pro-evangelical way.





