Radioprotection en curiethérapie par implants permanents de la prostate

Abstract

La radioprotection est une branche de la physique vouée à la mise en œuvre de moyens pratiques pour assurer la protection des personnes lors de l'utilisation des rayonnements ionisants. De par sa nature permanente et en raison du niveau de ra diation qu'elle utilise, la technique de traitement par implants permanents du cancer de la prostate est un cas complexe de radioprotection. Le projet de recherche avait pour but d'approfondir divers points du programme de radioprotection de cette technique à l'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec. Plus précisément; le projet de recherche a permis de déterminer les risques d'exposition pour les techniciens pratiquant la thanatopraxie ou la crémation sur le corps d'un patient implanté, les niveaux exacts de radiation à la surface de la peau des patients traités et la possibilité d'identifier les cas de migration de sources vers les poumons lors du suivi post-implant des patients sans recourir à une radiographie pulmonaire systématique. Suite à ces investigations, l'étude a permis d'émettre des recommandations précises pour chacun de ces points.

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Radiation protection is a branch of physics dedicated to the implementation of practical means to ensure the protection of people when using ionizing radiation. Due to its permanent nature and due to the level of radiation it uses, the permanent implant treatment technique for prostate cancer is a complex case of radiation protection. The aim of the research project was to explore various points of the radioprotection program of this technique at the Hôtel-Dieu de Québec. More precisely; the research project made it possible to determine the exposure risks for technicians performing embalming or cremation on the body of an implanted patient, the exact levels of radiation on the surface of the skin of treated patients and the possibility of identify cases of source migration towards the lungs during post-implantation follow-up of patients without resorting to systematic chest radiography. Following these investigations, the study made it possible to issue precise recommendations for each of these points.