Progress in basic research & development and its application on solidification and stabilization materials of heavy metals in soil

Abstract

固化稳定化是土壤重金属污染治理的主要技术之一，加强对固化稳定化材料的环境功能研发尤为重要。土壤重金属固化稳定化材料作用机理包括沉淀作用、吸附作用、配位作用、有机络合作用和氧化还原作用等。本文重点围绕土壤重金属固化稳定化材料研究的系统化，提出土壤重金属固化稳定化材料的研发方法，如材料筛选对比方法、优化复配方法、表面改性方法、表面负载和桥连复合等，固化稳定化材料应用基础研究框架包括固化稳定化材料-重金属-水体、固化稳定化材料-土壤-重金属、固化稳定化材料-土壤-植物-重金属、固化稳定化材料-田间-作物-重金属，以及重金属治理的环境安全和应用效果评价等5个层次，针对每个层次研究主要内容及其关键环节进行要点说明，旨在为促进土壤重金属固化稳定化材料的规范化和系统化研究、强化土壤重金属固化稳定化的应用基础研究提供科学参考。

Solidification and stabilization(S/S) is one of the primary technologies for the treatment of heavy metals in soil. It is particularly important to strengthen the concept of solidification and stabilization materials in the research and development of materials. The mechanisms of solidification and stabilization materials on soil heavy metals include precipitation, adsorption, coordination, organic complexation, and redox reactions. This paper mainly focuses on the systematic study of materials in soil heavy metal solidification and stabilization, proposes research & development methods for soil heavy metal solidification and stabilization, including screening and comparison, optimization and combination, surface modification, surface loading, and bridging composite methods. The basic research on the application of solidification materials includes five aspects of the framework, solidification and stabilization materials-heavy metalswater bodies, solidification and stabilization materials-soil-heavy metals, solidification and stabilization materials-soil-plant-heavy metals, solidification and stabilization materials-field-crop-heavy metals, and the evaluation of environmental safety and application effect on heavy metal treatment. For each aspect, the main content and key linked points of the research are explained. This holds importance for promoting the study of materials in soil heavy metal solidification and stabilization, and strengthening the application based on this process.