Content area
Abstract
Schools are subject to risk factors as much as any other workplace. However, schools receive very young children who are unaware of the potential health and safety hazards that could result from the existing physical conditions in the classrooms, making them a particularly vulnerable group. The school furniture is a relevant element of the school organization, as it is a fundamental part of the school physical space. A literature review on this subject seems to reveal that the mismatch between classroom furniture and students’ body dimensions is strongly associated to back and neck pain reported by children during their school years, as well as to harmful effects at a cognitive level, such as hyperactivity, lack of interest and consequent low learning performance. Although the first stage of this project intended to provide a diagnosis of the existing scenario, the focus of the current thesis was to set the benchmark for designing school furniture for Portuguese primary schools, taking into account the characterization and analysis of a previously selected sample of students. Due the lack of published databases of anthropometric data relevant to this study, i.e., considering Portuguese children within the considered age group, it was necessary to conduct an anthropometric survey and to develop a tool to expedite the data collection process. Considering these data and on the basis of assumed (mis)match criteria for school furniture, defined in previous studies, the appropriateness of the currently used furniture was analysed. From this analysis it was verified that the Portuguese situation is not much different from other realities, confirming that there is a significant mismatch between the dimensions of school furniture and the anthropometric characteristics of students. According to the collected anthropometric data and its treatment, it was possible to set benchmarks for the design of school furniture for Portuguese primary schools, as well as to develop a methodological guide for adjusting the furniture according to the students’ height. The obtained results seem to be very relevant, as they provide a scientific basis for the design and construction of a new concept of school furniture for Portuguese primary schools, which is adjustable and compatible with the anthropometric dimensions of the considered population of users, thus contributing to safe and healthy schools and enhancing good postural habits.





