Condiciones y perspectivas para el desarrollo del sistema sectorial de innovación del cacao en el Perú

Abstract

La presente investigación tiene como finalidad el estudio de las condiciones y perspectivas del sistema sectorial de innovación del cacao en el Perú, teniendo como base el enfoque propuesto por Malerba (2002 y 2005), que consiste en el análisis de 3 dimensiones del sistema: (1) Base productiva, base de conocimientos y tecnología; (2) Actores del sistema y redes; (3) Institucionalidad. La metodología empleada corresponde a una investigación descriptiva-exploratoria, basada en un estudio de caso. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que existen las condiciones y elementos necesarios para el desarrollo del sistema sectorial del cacao en el Perú, sin embargo su nivel de desarrollo es aún insipiente. Así mismo se determinó como factores claves para el desarrollo del sistema sectorial de innovación del cacao: la articulación de actores, formación de redes, participación de las organizaciones de segundo nivel y la implementación de fondos concursables que promueven la competitividad. La utilización del enfoque de sistemas sectoriales de innovación aplicada a un producto o cadena productiva, ofrece una visión integral, multidimensional y dinámica, para el análisis y formulación de políticas y mecanismos para mejorar la competitividad del producto o cadena productiva.

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The purpose of this research is to study the conditions and perspectives of the cocoa innovation sector system in Peru, based on the approach proposed by Malerba (2002 and 2005), which consists of the analysis of 3 dimensions of the system: ( 1) Productive base, knowledge base and technology; (2) System actors and networks; (3) Institutionality. The methodology used corresponds to a descriptive-exploratory investigation, based on a case study. The results of the investigation show that the necessary conditions and elements exist for the development of the cocoa sector system in Peru, however its level of development is still incipient. It was also determined as key factors for the development of the cocoa innovation sector system: the articulation of actors, network formation, participation of second level organizations and the implementation of competitive funds that promote competitiveness. The use of the sectoral innovation systems approach applied to a product or productive chain offers a comprehensive, multidimensional and dynamic vision for the analysis and formulation of policies and mechanisms to improve the competitiveness of the product or productive chain.