Surgical and post-surgical complications in the extraction of third lower molars: retrospective study

Abstract

Background: in the permanent teeth eruption pattern, the third molar is the last tooth to emerge. Finishing its development process at ages between 16 to 25. Occasionally these can follow an abnormal eruption path causing patient discrepancies and pathology. Objective: to establish the surgical and postoperative complications more frequent and your relation with the radiographic position in molar pertaining to the jaw third parties in patients controlled surgically in a University Clinic of the city of Medellin, during the period June 2016 to June 2017. Materials and methods: a descriptive observational study of retrospective analysis was conducted, where 206 clinical records from the oral surgery service for surgical extraction procedures of lower third molars attended patients were evaluated. Results: in terms of complications, intraoperative hemorrhages did not occur; reported intraoperative complications referred to fractured rotary instruments 0.5% (n= 1) and soft tissue laceration during surgery 0.5% (n= 1). For postoperative complications, 0.5% wound hemorrhage and wound dehiscence (n= 1), 0.5% edema (n= 1), and soft tissue injuries in the surgical area 0.5% (n= 1) were found. The other patients did not report any surgical or postoperative complication. Conclusions: surgical and postoperative complications have a low prevalence of occurrence in the university clinical institution. No direct relationship was found regarding a specific variable with any type of complication.