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Received: 23 May 2012
Received in revised form:
21 June 2012
Accepted:27 June 2012
Keywords
N36
colour
pH
titratable acidity
pulp
total soluble solid (TSS)
sugar content
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine colour changes during storage and physico- chemical properties of peel, core and crown extracts of pineapple variety N36 for maturity indices of 1. 2 and 3. The L* (lightness), a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values for peels increased significantly (ρ < 0.05) at each maturity stage during seven days storage. pH of pineapple peel, core and crown extracts were in the range of 3.24 to 3.84. The titratable acidity, percentage of pulp and Total Soluble Solid (TSS) of pineapple peel, core and crown extracts were in the range of 0.16 to 0.36%, 1.37 to 2.91% and 1.4 to 5.3 Brix, respectively. Fructose and glucose contents were significantly highest (ρ < 0.05) in pineapple core extract followed by pineapple peel extract and pineapple crown extract for maturity index 2. Significant difference (ρ < 0.05) was found in sucrose content between pineapple core and peel extracts with 8.92% and 3.87%, respectively for maturity index 3. However, sucrose was not detected in pineapple crown extract. Pineapple core extract was significantly higher (ρ < 0.05) amount of total sugar content compared to pineapple peel and crown extracts for all maturity indices.
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Introduction
Pineapple or Ancmas comosns (L.) Merr., holds the third rank in the world tropical fruit production only preceded by banana and citrus (De Poel et al., 2009). Malaysian Pineapple Industry Board (MPIB) reported that for year 2008, Johor produced the highest yield of pineapple with 143,963.00 metric tons followed by Kelantan and Kedah with 8,209.60 and 1,121.17 metric tons, respectively. For year 2009, four main pineapple varieties planted in Malaysia were Morris (48%), Josaphine (25%), Sarawak (9%) and N36 (8%) (MPIB, 2010). However, pineapple variety N36 is only planted in one large area with six thousand acres at Simpang Renggam, Johor, Malaysia. This variety is mainly used for canned products.
Pineapple fruits, harvested at different maturity stages, are not of uniform quality (Dhar et al., 2008). Rosnah et al. (2009) reported that many researchers have identified indicators of fruit maturity based on measurement of...