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Abstract: Rice from different cultivation systems, organic and inorganic rice, were growth and harvested from Phatthalung province, the Southern Thailand. The difference in their physicochemical properties was determined. Inorganic rice (1.44 g/100 grains) showed significant higher (P<0.05) in rice grain weight compared with organic rice (1.42 g/100 grains). Different cultivation system has profound effects on physicochemical properties of rice. Inorganic rice showed significantly higher (P<0.05) in protein, lipid and amylose content than organic rice. Protein, lipid, amylose and anthocyanin content of organic rice were 5.64% (db), 2.48% (db), 15.32% (db) and 14.66 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/100 g (db), respectively. Protein, lipid, amylose and anthocyanin content of inorganic rice were 7.02% (db), 2.59% (db), 16.27% (db) and 15.60 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/100 g (db), respectively. Both of organic and inorganic rice showed type-A of X-ray diffraction pattern. In addition, the small difference in crystallinity of organic and inorganic rice was observed. The swelling power of organic and inorganic rice was 13.14 and 13.02 g/g (db), respectively. Peak viscosity of inorganic rice (118.62 RVU) is significant higher (P<0.05) than organic rice (116.88 RVU) when studied with RVA. The enthalpy of gelatinisation of organic and inorganic rice was 8.08 and 8.01 J/g, respectively.
Keywords: Organic rice, Phatthalung Sungyod rice, physicochemical
Introduction
Recently, organic agricultural practices have grown considerably as an alternative to conventional agriculture and related use of chemical pesticides. It was expected that the organic agriculture has benefits with respect to food safety (Champagne et al., 2007). Many consumers prefer organic food to inorganic foods because they are perceived healthier. In addition, organic practices are thought to reduce the risk of plant infection by pathogens. However, there is some evidence that the reduced use of fungicides may lead to a greater contamination by mycotoxins in organic food (Finamore et al., 2004). The organic rice cultivation system is a production of rice without the use of chemicals to control pests, moreover, no chemical fertilisers are used. These are inversely with inorganic rice cultivation system. The difference in cultivation systems affected on physicochemical properties and sensory quality of rice as reported by Champagne et al. (2007).
Phatthalung Sungyod rice is a local rice variety and has long been known in Phatthalung province, Southern part of Thailand. It is mostly cultivated in Phatthalung...